Trần Tử Bình: Difference between revisions
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He was originally named '''''Phạm Văn Phu'''''. Later, during revolutionary time he changed his name into Trần Tử Bình (a name which means "''man who can dies for peace''"). He is most famous for being a leader of [[Phú Riềng Đỏ]] labor movement in 1930 and one of the most prominent diplomats of Vietnam, who worked as the Ambassador of Vietnam to China during period 1959-1967. |
He was originally named '''''Phạm Văn Phu'''''. Later, during revolutionary time he changed his name into Trần Tử Bình (a name which means "''man who can dies for peace''"). He is most famous for being a leader of [[Phú Riềng Đỏ]] labor movement in 1930 and one of the most prominent diplomats of Vietnam, who worked as the Ambassador of Vietnam to China during period 1959-1967. |
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Contents [hide] |
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* 1 Biography |
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1.1 Early revolutionary years |
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1.2 August Revolution |
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1.3 Military and Political career |
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* 2 External links |
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Revision as of 04:12, 14 July 2006
Tran Tu Binh (1907-1967) was a Vietnamese revolutionary who later became one of the first generals of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1948) and Vietnam’s Ambassador in China (1959-1967).
He was originally named Phạm Văn Phu. Later, during revolutionary time he changed his name into Trần Tử Bình (a name which means "man who can dies for peace"). He is most famous for being a leader of Phú Riềng Đỏ labor movement in 1930 and one of the most prominent diplomats of Vietnam, who worked as the Ambassador of Vietnam to China during period 1959-1967.
Biography
Tran Tu Binh was born in Tieu Dong Village, Binh Luc District, Ha Nam Province where he spent the earliest period of his life (1907-1927). His parents were Catholic followers so despite that fact that they were poor Tran Tu Binh still got some education at the church. In 1926 because of participation in the patriotic movement protesting against French colonial occupation following the funeral of Mr. Phan Chu Trinh, a famous early 20th century Vietnamese nationalist, he was expelled from the cloister.
Early revolutionary years
In 1927 he went to South Vietnam to work as a rubber worker at Michelin's Phu Rieng Rubber Plantation. It is during this period that he first met communist revolutionaries and learned about the Marxist ideology. In 1929 he joined the Indochina Communist Party. On 3rd February 1930 he became the Party Secretary of Phu Rieng and directly led a rebellion of more than 5000 workers against the cruel French colonial exploitation at rubber plantation. The movement was repressed by French but it became known as one of the first and biggest labor movements in the history of Vietnam.
After the Phu Rieng Do incident French colonial government sentenced Tran Tu Binh for 10 years of imprisonment in Don Dao Island. In Con Dao he met most communist revolutionary leaders of Vietnam, i.e. Tôn Ðức Thắng, Hoàng Quốc Việt, Phạm Văn Ðồng, Lê Văn Lương, Phạm Hùng, Hà Huy Giáp, Trần Xuân Ðộ, Nguyễn Văn Phát and took advantage of this opportunity to improve his knowledge of communist ideology and nationalism.
Due to the movement by the French Popular Front in 1936 the French colonial government was forced to release some political prisoners from Con Dao. Tran Tu Binh was one of them. After being amnestied from Con Dao he returned home to work as a clerk in Binh Luc District and continued to take part in communist activities against French. From 1936-1940 Tran Tu Binh was appointed as Party secretary of Binh Luc District and then party secretary of Ha Nam Province.
In 1940 he was elected as a member of Tongking regional party committee (Xu Uy Bac Ky) and commissar of interregional communist party network C (including Ha Nam, Nam Đinh, Thai Binh, Ninh Binh Provinces) and network D (Vinh Phuc, Phuc Yen, Phu Tho, Tuyen Quang Provinces) in 1941 and 1943. He became one of the most wanted objects of French Gendarmerie in TongKing. On 24 December 1943 Tran Tu Binh was arrested again in Thai Binh Province and was imprisoned in Nam Dinh Prison. Early 1944 after a unsuccessful attempt of jailbreak he was sent to Hoa Lo Prison (Hanoi).
However, in 1943, Japanese army intervened in Vietnam and forced the French to withdraw from Hanoi. Taking advantage of that instability situation, on the eve of 24th December 1943 Tran Tu Binh and some other leaders organized a historic collective escape from Hoa Lo for over 100 political prisoners.
After returned to the rear, Tran Tu Binh was appointed as a standing member of Xu Uy Bac Ky and was in charge of establishment and development of Hoa-Ninh-Thanh military base for the Viet Minh.
On August 14, 1945, the Japanese surrendered to the Allies. The leaders of Vietminh decided to act promptly to seize the power from the weak and helpless Tran Trong Kim’s pro-Japanese puppet government before the French returned. On 19th August 1945, Tran Tu Binh and Nguyen Khang, the two representatives of Xu Uy Bac Ky in Hanoi, directly commanded the general uprising in Hanoi and some neighboring provinces which lead to a start of August Revolution.
Military and Political Career
After the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, Tran Tu Binh was appointed as Vice Rector, Political Commissar of Tran Quoc Tuan Military Training School.
In 1947, he became Deputy Secretary of the General Political Department of Vietnam’s Army, Head of the Cadre’s Inspection Office of Army Political Department. Late 1947, together with Le Thiet Hung, he won a military victory at Song Lo front.
On 1st January 1948, Tran Tu Binh was honored to receive a rank of major general and became one of the first 11 generals of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam along with other outstanding military officers like Võ Nguyên Giáp, Nguyễn Sơn, Lê Thiết Hùng, Chu Văn Tấn, Hoàng Sâm, Hoàng Văn Thái, Lê Hiến Mai, Văn Tiến Dũng, Trần Đại Nghĩa, Nguyễn Bình. In the same year he was appointed as Deputy General Inspector of the Army.
From 1950-1956 he served as Political Commissar of the Vietnam’s Ground Forces Officer School, which at that time was based in China. On 2nd February 1951 he was elected to be a representative of the Army Force at the Third and Forth National Communist Party Congress and member of the National Assembly.
After the First Indochina War (1946-1954) general Tran Tu Binh was appointed as the General Inspector of the Army, Deputy General Inspector of the State. He served at these positions for two years (1956-1958) before moved to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs following the personal request of president Ho Chi Minh.
In 1959, Tran Tu Binh was appointed as the Ambassador of Vietnam to the People’s Republic of China. He worked as Ambassador in China for two terms (1959-1967), perfectly performed his duty and contributed greatly to the development of cooperation relation between China and Vietnam.
On 2nd November 1967, he suddenly passed away at the age 60 due to hypertension in Hanoi.
External links
- The historical prison escape[1], Nhan Dan Newspaper
- "Phú Riềng Đỏ" (The Red Earth - Vietnamese Memoir of Life on a Colonial Rubber Plantation[2], Memoire of general Tran Tu Binh (1965) , translated into English and published by Ohio University Press, 1985.
- August Revolution: an inevitable path leading to the Nation-State [[3]]
- Vietnam news [4]