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|leaders= Col. [[Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale]]<br/>Col. [[Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag]]
|leaders= Col. [[Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale]]<br/>Col. [[Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag]]
|clans= [[Marehan]], and [[Habr Gedir]]<ref>{{cite web
|clans= [[Marehan]], and [[Habr Gedir]]<ref>{{cite web
| last =
|last=
| first =
|first=
| authorlink =
|authorlink=
| coauthors =
|coauthors=
| title = Somalia: Main Political Organizations
|title=Somalia: Main Political Organizations
| work =
|work=
| publisher = Mudug.com
|publisher=Mudug.com
| date=
|date=
| url =http://www.mudug.com/political.htm
|url=http://www.mudug.com/political.htm
| doi=
|doi=
| accessdate = 2007-01-03 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060927222444/http://www.mudug.com/political.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2006-09-27}}</ref>
|accessdate=2007-01-03
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927222444/http://www.mudug.com/political.htm
|archivedate=2006-09-27
|deadurl=yes
|df=
}}</ref>
|headquarters= [[Kismayo]](former)
|headquarters= [[Kismayo]](former)
|area= southern Somalia
|area= southern Somalia
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{{Main|Rise of the Islamic Courts Union (2006)|War in Somalia (2006-2009)}}
{{Main|Rise of the Islamic Courts Union (2006)|War in Somalia (2006-2009)}}


The JVA suffered the loss of Kismayo in September 2006 to an array of ICU forces with 130 [[Technical (fighting vehicle)|technicals]],<ref name=SOMALIAS-ISLAMISTS-RESUME-THEIR-MOMENTUM>[http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_printable&report_id=560&language_id=1 Somalia's Islamists Resume Their Momentum and Embark on a Diplomatic Path] PINR</ref><ref name=WITNESSES-SOMALI-ISLAMIST-ADVANCE-ON-KEY-PORT>[http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=283959 Witnesses: Somali Islamists advance on key port]. ''[[Associated Press]]'', 13 September 2006</ref> and further defeat during [[Islamic Court Union]]'s takeover of the Juba Valley in October 2006,<ref name=WAR-CLOUDS-LOOM-OVER-SOMALIA>[http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_printable&report_id=569&language_id=1 War Clouds Loom over Somalia as Military Fronts Open Up Amid a Flurry of Diplomacy] PINR</ref>
The JVA suffered the loss of Kismayo in September 2006 to an array of ICU forces with 130 [[Technical (fighting vehicle)|technicals]],<ref name=SOMALIAS-ISLAMISTS-RESUME-THEIR-MOMENTUM>[http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_printable&report_id=560&language_id=1 Somalia's Islamists Resume Their Momentum and Embark on a Diplomatic Path] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422191900/http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_printable&report_id=560&language_id=1 |date=2009-04-22 }} PINR</ref><ref name=WITNESSES-SOMALI-ISLAMIST-ADVANCE-ON-KEY-PORT>[http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=283959 Witnesses: Somali Islamists advance on key port] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213204127/http://mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=283959 |date=2015-02-13 }}. ''[[Associated Press]]'', 13 September 2006</ref> and further defeat during [[Islamic Court Union]]'s takeover of the Juba Valley in October 2006,<ref name=WAR-CLOUDS-LOOM-OVER-SOMALIA>[http://www.pinr.com/report.php?ac=view_printable&report_id=569&language_id=1 War Clouds Loom over Somalia as Military Fronts Open Up Amid a Flurry of Diplomacy] PINR</ref>


On September 23, ICU forces under Sheik [[Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki]] approached [[Jilib]], en route to Kismayo. Juba Valley Alliance forces withdrew without a fight.<ref name=SOMALIA-ISLAMIC-MILITANTS-ADVANCING-TO-KISMAYO>[http://somalinet.com/news/world/Somalia/4029 Somalia: Islamic militants advancing to Kismayo] SomaliNet</ref> After the city fell, on September 24, he promised peace to the city after Islamic militiamen broke up an anti-Islamist demonstration with gunfire, killing three teenagers.<ref name=SOMALIA-ISLAMISTS-SHOOTING-KILLS-PEOPLE-IN-KISMAYO-PROTEST>[http://somalinet.com/news/world/Somalia/4044 Somalia: Islamists shooting kills people in Kismayo protest] SomaliNet</ref> On October 3, they took Afmadow.<ref name=SOMALIAS-ISLAMIC-COURTS-ATTAIN-AFMADOW-IN-LOWER-JUBBA-REGION>[http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1505.htm Somalia’s Islamic Courts attain Afmadow in Lower Jubba region] Shabelle Media Network</ref> Sakow fell to the ICU on October 25–28 after they militarily defeated the Juba Valley Alliance.<ref name=SOMALI-ISLAMISTS-SEIZE-STRATEGIC-POST>[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=38141 Somali Islamists seize strategic post] Al Jezeera</ref> By December 13, Salagle also fell to them.<ref name=ISLAMISTS-SEIZE-A-NEW-SETTLEMENT-IN-SOUTHERN-SOMALIA>[http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1856.htm Islamists seize a new settlement in southern Somalia] Shabelle Media Networks</ref> The city of Baardhere in Gedo region, was the last sought after prize by the ICU but the population there refused them to achieve that goal. Barderians being part of the larger Juba region, the population in Gedo and Bardera in particular, disliked the ICU and its attack on Kismayo. ICU's total control of southern Somalia became impossible at this point. All sides, JVA, ICU and the powerless TGF regrouped and established new alliances and new fronts.
On September 23, ICU forces under Sheik [[Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki]] approached [[Jilib]], en route to Kismayo. Juba Valley Alliance forces withdrew without a fight.<ref name=SOMALIA-ISLAMIC-MILITANTS-ADVANCING-TO-KISMAYO>[http://somalinet.com/news/world/Somalia/4029 Somalia: Islamic militants advancing to Kismayo] SomaliNet</ref> After the city fell, on September 24, he promised peace to the city after Islamic militiamen broke up an anti-Islamist demonstration with gunfire, killing three teenagers.<ref name=SOMALIA-ISLAMISTS-SHOOTING-KILLS-PEOPLE-IN-KISMAYO-PROTEST>[http://somalinet.com/news/world/Somalia/4044 Somalia: Islamists shooting kills people in Kismayo protest] SomaliNet</ref> On October 3, they took Afmadow.<ref name=SOMALIAS-ISLAMIC-COURTS-ATTAIN-AFMADOW-IN-LOWER-JUBBA-REGION>[http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1505.htm Somalia’s Islamic Courts attain Afmadow in Lower Jubba region] Shabelle Media Network</ref> Sakow fell to the ICU on October 25–28 after they militarily defeated the Juba Valley Alliance.<ref name=SOMALI-ISLAMISTS-SEIZE-STRATEGIC-POST>[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=38141 Somali Islamists seize strategic post] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061202105413/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=38141 |date=2006-12-02 }} Al Jezeera</ref> By December 13, Salagle also fell to them.<ref name=ISLAMISTS-SEIZE-A-NEW-SETTLEMENT-IN-SOUTHERN-SOMALIA>[http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1856.htm Islamists seize a new settlement in southern Somalia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200723/http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1856.htm |date=2007-09-27 }} Shabelle Media Networks</ref> The city of Baardhere in Gedo region, was the last sought after prize by the ICU but the population there refused them to achieve that goal. Barderians being part of the larger Juba region, the population in Gedo and Bardera in particular, disliked the ICU and its attack on Kismayo. ICU's total control of southern Somalia became impossible at this point. All sides, JVA, ICU and the powerless TGF regrouped and established new alliances and new fronts.


After the [[Battle of Baidoa]] (December 20–26), the JVA began to reassert control over the Juba Valley. On December 27, the ICU abandoned its positions in the [[Juba Valley]] at [[Salagle]] and [[Sakow]], north of [[Bu'aale]].<ref name=INSECURITY-RAGES-IN-ISLAMIST-ABANDONED-AREAS>[http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1952.htm Somalia: Insecurity rages in Islamist abandoned areas] Shabelle Media Network</ref>
After the [[Battle of Baidoa]] (December 20–26), the JVA began to reassert control over the Juba Valley. On December 27, the ICU abandoned its positions in the [[Juba Valley]] at [[Salagle]] and [[Sakow]], north of [[Bu'aale]].<ref name=INSECURITY-RAGES-IN-ISLAMIST-ABANDONED-AREAS>[http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1952.htm Somalia: Insecurity rages in Islamist abandoned areas] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930154925/http://www.shabelle.net/news/ne1952.htm |date=2007-09-30 }} Shabelle Media Network</ref>


ICU forces in [[Kismayu|Kismayo]] were reported retreating towards Mogadishu, and TFG forces were advancing towards Bu'uale from Dinsoor, while the rest of the Lower and Middle Juba areas were calm.<ref name=SOMALIA-SITUATION-REPORT-27-DEC-2006>[http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/EGUA-6WVN3Z?OpenDocument Somalia: Situation Report - 27 Dec 2006] OCHA</ref> However, no sooner had ICU forces from Kismayo gotten to Mogadishu than they reversed direction, withdrawing back to Kismayo. After their defeat at the [[Battle of Jilib]] north of the city, the ICU forces withdrew, and on January 1, 2007, [[Fall of Kismayo|Kismayo fell to the TFG and Ethiopian forces]] without armed conflict.
ICU forces in [[Kismayu|Kismayo]] were reported retreating towards Mogadishu, and TFG forces were advancing towards Bu'uale from Dinsoor, while the rest of the Lower and Middle Juba areas were calm.<ref name=SOMALIA-SITUATION-REPORT-27-DEC-2006>[http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/EGUA-6WVN3Z?OpenDocument Somalia: Situation Report - 27 Dec 2006] OCHA</ref> However, no sooner had ICU forces from Kismayo gotten to Mogadishu than they reversed direction, withdrawing back to Kismayo. After their defeat at the [[Battle of Jilib]] north of the city, the ICU forces withdrew, and on January 1, 2007, [[Fall of Kismayo|Kismayo fell to the TFG and Ethiopian forces]] without armed conflict.

Revision as of 19:39, 28 April 2017

Juba Valley Alliance
LeadersCol. Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale
Col. Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag
Dates of operationJune 2001 - 2008
Group(s)Marehan, and Habr Gedir[1]
HeadquartersKismayo(former)
Active regionssouthern Somalia
OpponentsSomalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC)
Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM-Harti)
Islamic Courts Union (ICU)

The Juba Valley Alliance (JVA; Somali: Isbahaysiga Dooxada Jubba) is a political faction of the Somali Civil War. It was the primary opponent of the Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM) and the Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) vying for the control of Kismayo and the Juba River valley, the area known as Jubaland.

Following the breakdown of central authority in the Somali Civil War, General Hersi "Morgan" declared Jubaland independent on September 3, 1998.[2]

Opponents to General "Morgan" came from the Somali Marehan, Ogadeni and Habr Gedir ethnic groups. The Marehan Somali National Front (SNF) and other tribal allies grouped together as the Allied Somali Forces (ASF). They ousted General "Morgan" from Kismayu in June 1999.[3]

The ASF administration renamed itself the Juba Valley Alliance in June 2001, and threw its support behind the Transitional Federal Government (TFG).[4] The leader of the JVA is Colonel Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale, who later became Defense Minister for the TFG. The militia commander of the JVA is Col. Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag.

On June 18, 2001, an 11-member interclan council decided to ally the JVA with the newly establishing Transitional Federal Government.[5]

On August 6, 2001, after 10 days of heavy fighting in a battle involving 40 technicals and 1,000 militiamen, the JVA took the town of Jilib from the SRRC.[6]

In 2002, the JVA battled with the Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC), which opposed the TFG, resulting in 6,000 refugees fleeing Bulo Hawa. In 2003, there were 15,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) accommodated in Kismayo. Fighting throughout southern and central Somalia resulted in 86,000 IDPs by 2004.[7] Landmines were cited as a problem affecting the area due to the fighting between the JVA and SRRC.[8]

War in Somalia

Main articles: Rise of the Islamic Courts Union (2006) and War in Somalia (2006-2009)

The JVA suffered the loss of Kismayo in September 2006 to an array of ICU forces with 130 technicals,[9][10] and further defeat during Islamic Court Union's takeover of the Juba Valley in October 2006,[11]

On September 23, ICU forces under Sheik Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki approached Jilib, en route to Kismayo. Juba Valley Alliance forces withdrew without a fight.[12] After the city fell, on September 24, he promised peace to the city after Islamic militiamen broke up an anti-Islamist demonstration with gunfire, killing three teenagers.[13] On October 3, they took Afmadow.[14] Sakow fell to the ICU on October 25–28 after they militarily defeated the Juba Valley Alliance.[15] By December 13, Salagle also fell to them.[16] The city of Baardhere in Gedo region, was the last sought after prize by the ICU but the population there refused them to achieve that goal. Barderians being part of the larger Juba region, the population in Gedo and Bardera in particular, disliked the ICU and its attack on Kismayo. ICU's total control of southern Somalia became impossible at this point. All sides, JVA, ICU and the powerless TGF regrouped and established new alliances and new fronts.

After the Battle of Baidoa (December 20–26), the JVA began to reassert control over the Juba Valley. On December 27, the ICU abandoned its positions in the Juba Valley at Salagle and Sakow, north of Bu'aale.[17]

ICU forces in Kismayo were reported retreating towards Mogadishu, and TFG forces were advancing towards Bu'uale from Dinsoor, while the rest of the Lower and Middle Juba areas were calm.[18] However, no sooner had ICU forces from Kismayo gotten to Mogadishu than they reversed direction, withdrawing back to Kismayo. After their defeat at the Battle of Jilib north of the city, the ICU forces withdrew, and on January 1, 2007, Kismayo fell to the TFG and Ethiopian forces without armed conflict.

Considering the integral part the JVA plays in the TFG's military, it could be said[by whom?] that the JVA has been succeeded by, or incorporated into, the army of the nascent TFG.

The ICU choked the economy of Somalia by putting all resources on the hands of a selected few. Although the mistakes of the ICU were many, the economy factor, the attack of Kismayo and the murdering of the bed-ridden JVA fighters who were at the Bu'ale Hospital hastened the fall of the ICU phenomenon in Somali politics of the recent years.[19]

References

  1. ^ "Somalia: Main Political Organizations". Mudug.com. Archived from the original on 2006-09-27. Retrieved 2007-01-03. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Footnotes to History: G to J Footnotes to History
  3. ^ Somalia Assessment, September 1999 Country Information and Policy Unit, Immigration & Nationality Directorate, Home Office, UK
  4. ^ "Somalia". World Statesmen. Retrieved March 9, 2006. - also shows Italian colonial flag & links to map
  5. ^ Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia, 11 Oct 2001, Document S/2001/963 United Nations Security Council
  6. ^ Simultaneous Heavy Fightings Erupt in Somalia People's Daily
  7. ^ Recurrent displacements in southern and central Somalia due to intermittent inter-factional conflicts (2004) IDMC
  8. ^ SOMALIA Land Mine Monitor
  9. ^ Somalia's Islamists Resume Their Momentum and Embark on a Diplomatic Path Archived 2009-04-22 at the Wayback Machine PINR
  10. ^ Witnesses: Somali Islamists advance on key port Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine. Associated Press, 13 September 2006
  11. ^ War Clouds Loom over Somalia as Military Fronts Open Up Amid a Flurry of Diplomacy PINR
  12. ^ Somalia: Islamic militants advancing to Kismayo SomaliNet
  13. ^ Somalia: Islamists shooting kills people in Kismayo protest SomaliNet
  14. ^ Somalia’s Islamic Courts attain Afmadow in Lower Jubba region Shabelle Media Network
  15. ^ Somali Islamists seize strategic post Archived 2006-12-02 at the Wayback Machine Al Jezeera
  16. ^ Islamists seize a new settlement in southern Somalia Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine Shabelle Media Networks
  17. ^ Somalia: Insecurity rages in Islamist abandoned areas Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine Shabelle Media Network
  18. ^ Somalia: Situation Report - 27 Dec 2006 OCHA
  19. ^ "Somalia at a critical crossroads". Hiiraan. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
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