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Bracha L. Ettinger

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Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger
EraPsychoanalysis, Contemporary Art
RegionWestern Psychoanalysis
SchoolPsychoanalysis, Matrixial trans-subjectivity, Contemporary Art
Main interests
Psychoanalysis, Art, Human Rights, Feminist theory, Aesthetics, Ethics, The Maternal
Notable ideas
Matrixial Theory

Bracha L. Ettinger (also known as Bracha Ettinger, Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger, Hebrew: ברכה אטינגר, ברכה ליכטנברג-אטינגר) is a renowned international artist, painter, photographer, theorist and psychoanalyst.

Ettinger is based in Paris and Tel Aviv and working mainly in Europe in art as well as academic fields.

Born in Tel Aviv, she received her M.A. in Clinical Psychology from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1976. She then moved to London and studied, trained and worked between 1976 and 1979 at the London Centre for Psychotherapy, the Tavistock Clinic and the Philadelphia Association with R. D. Laing. She returned to Israel in 1979 and worked at Shalvata Hospital. Ettinger then decided to dedicate herself to painting and moved to Paris, where she lived and worked from 1981 to 2003. She received a D.E.A. in Psychoanalysis from the University of Paris VII in 1987, and a Ph.D. in Aesthetics of Art from the University of Paris VIII in 1996.

Her paintings aroused the immediate interest of different curators in French museums, and she had One-person exhibitions at the Pompidou Centre in 1987 and at the Museum of Calais in 1988. In 1995 she had a One-person exhibition at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem, and in 1996 she participated in the Contemporary art section of "Face à l'Histoire. 1933-1996" exhibition in Pompidou Centre.[1] In 2000 she had a Retrospective at the Palais des Beaux Arts in Brussels, and in 2001 a Solo exhibition at the Drawing Center in New-York. [2] In parallel to working as artist Bracha Ettinger continued to train as psychoanalyst with Françoise Dolto, Piera Auglanier and Jacques-Alain Miller, and has become one of the most influential contemporary French feminists. Around 1988 Ettinger began her Conversation and Photography project. Her personal art notebooks[3][4] have become source for theoretical articulations, and her art has inspired art historians (among them the distinguished art historian Griselda Pollock) and philosophers (like Jean-François Lyotard and Christine Buci-Glucksmann) who dedicated a number of essays to her painting.

Even though she was still based mainly in Paris, Ettinger, who has British nationality, was Visiting Professor (1997-1998) and then Research Professor (1999-2004) in Psychoanalysis and Aesthetics at the School of Fine Art, History of Art and Cultural Studies at the University of Leeds. Since 2001 she has also been Visiting Professor in Psychoanalysis and Aesthetics at the AHRC Centre for Cultural Analysis, Theory and History (now CentreCATH[5]). Bracha L. Ettinger has partly returned to Israel in 2003, keeping studios in both Paris and Tel Aviv ever since, and became a lecturer at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem until 2006. She is at present the Marcel Duchamp Professor of Psychoanalysis and Art at the Media & Communications Division, European Graduate School (EGS) [6], Saas-Fee.

Ettinger is considered now to be a prominent figure among both the French painters' and the Israeli art's scenes. Ettinger's art was recently analysed at length in the book Women Artists at the Millennium[7] and in Griselda Pollock's Encounters in the Virtual Feminist Museum [8].

Some of her specific academic fields of endeavor are Feminist psychoanalysis, Art, Philosophy of Aesthetics, Philosophy of Ethics, the Gaze, Sexual Difference, Jacques Lacan, the feminine, early psychic impressions and the maternal.

Artist

File:Pompidou Centre, Face a l'Histore, 19967. Paintings Bracha L. Ettinger.jpg
Bracha Ettinger Eurydice Series View from Exhibition Pompidou Centre Paris 1997

Until 1992, Bracha Ettinger's principal artwork consisted of drawing and mixed media on paper. Since 1992, most of her artwork consists of oil paintings, with the series "Matrix - Family Album", "Autistwork" and "Eurydice". Her paintings, photos, drawings and notebooks have been exhibited extensively in major museums of contemporary art across the world. The art historian and cultural analyst Griselda Pollock has dedicated since the beginning of the 1990s a continuous research to Ettinger's painting and drawing, from the perspectives of Art history, Modern and Postmodern art, Jewish History after the Shoah, Psychoanalytic theory and Feminism.

Group exhibitions

Among the venues Ettinger presented in:

Solo exhibitions

Ettinger's One-person exhibitions and Duo exhibitions (Selection):

  • Lokaal 01, Antwerp. ThRu1 Virtual exhibition (2007). [1]
  • Gerwood Gallery, Oxford University, Oxford (2003).
  • La librairie, Les Abattoirs, Toulouse (2003.
  • Maison de France, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
  • The Drawing Center, NY (2001).
  • Centre for Fine Arts (The Palais des Beaux Arts), Brussels (2000).
  • Cinemateque, Bergen.
  • Pori Art Museum, Finland (1996), (with Sergei "Africa" Bugayev).
  • Israel Museum, Jerusalem (1995).
  • The Leeds Metropolitan University Gallery, Leeds (1994).
  • Kanaal Art Fondation, Béguinage, Kortrijk (1994), (with Nancy Spero).
  • The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), Oxford (1993).
  • Galerie d'Art Contemporain du Centre Saint-Vincent, Herblay (1993).
  • The Russian Ethnography Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia (1993).
  • Le Nouveau Muséem, IAC - Institut d'art contemporain, Villeurbanne (1992).
  • Goethe Institute, Paris(1990).
  • Musée des Beaux-Arts et de la Dentelle de Calais, Calais (1988). [2]
  • Moltkerei Werkstatt, Köln.
  • The Pompidou Centre, Paris (1987).

Psychoanalyst

Bracha L. Ettinger is a regarded theoretician, working at the intersection of human subjectivity, feminine sexuality, psychoanalysis, art and aesthetics. She is a senior clinical psychologist, and a practicing psychoanalyst. Her artistic practice and her articulation, since 1985, of what has become known as the matrixial theory of trans-subjectivity have transformed contemporary debates in contemporary art, psychoanalysis, women studies and cultural studies. Bracha L. Ettinger is member of the Tel Aviv Institute for Contemporary Psychoanalysis (TAICP).

Psychoanalytic theory

Ettinger is the initiator of the Matrixial Trans-subjectivity theory (or simply "The Matrixial")[9] and the author of the concepts: subjectivity as encounter, matrixial gaze, matrixial time, matrixial space, co-poiesis, borderlinking, borderspacing, co-emergence in differentiating and differenciating, matrixial com-passion, primary compassion, compassionate hospitality, wit(h)nessing, co-fading, severality, matrixial transformational potentiality, archaic m/Other, fascinance, encounter-event, besideness, primary Mother-phantasies of Not-enoughness, Devouring and Abandonment, empathy within compassion, empathy without compassion, seduction into life, and metramorphosis. Ettinger, a Freudian scholar, follows the late Lacan, Levinas, "Object-relations" theory and Deleuze-Guattari and also critiques them, reformulating subject and feminine difference. She suggests that pre-natal impressions trans-connected to the phantasmatic and traumatic real of the pregnant becoming-mother form the primary phase and position of the human psyche. "I" and "non-I", without rejection and without symbiotic fusion, conjointly inscribe memory traces that are dispersed asymmetrically but in a trans-subjective mode. Trans-subjective mental and affective unconscious "strings", connecting the prenatal emerging subject to the archaic m/Other, open unconscious routes ("feminine" in both males and females) that enable subjectivizing processes all throughout life whenever a new matrixial encounter-event takes place. The matrixial encounter-event forms specific aesthetical and ethical accesses to the Other. This allows new understanding of trans-generational transmission, trauma and artistic processes. Ettinger formulates the woman(girl)-to-woman(mother) difference as the first sexual difference for females to be viewed first of all according to the matrixial parameters. According to Ettinger, in parallel but also before expressions of abjection (Julia Kristeva), primary compassion and fascinance, which are unconscious psychic affective accesses to the other, which join reattunment and differentiating-in-jointness by borderlinking, occurs. The infant's compassion is a proto-ethical psychological means of aesthetical feel-knowing that functions at best within maternal (and also parental) compassionate hospitality. She calls for the recognition of the matrixial dimension in the transferential relationships in psychoanalysis, and sees in trans-subjectivity a distinct dimension, different from inter-subjectivity. Her most prominent and comprehensive book regarding this theory is "The Matrixial Borderspace" (reprint of essays from 1994-1999) published in French in 1999[10] and in English in 2006.[11] Her more recent theoretical work centers around the spiritual in art and ethics. In the domain of psychoanalysis it centers around the idea that three kinds of phantasy (that she names Mother-phantasies) should be recognized, when they appear in a state of regression aroused by therapy itself, as primal: Mother-phantasies of Not-enoughness, Devouring and Abandonment. Their misrecognition in psychoanalysis (and analytical therapy) leads to catastrophic blows to the matrixial daughter-mother tissue and hurts the maternal potentiality of the daughter herself, in the sense that attacking the "non-I" is always also attacking the "I" that dwells inside an "I"-and-"non-I" trans-subjective feminine tissue. Contributing to Self psychoanalysis after Heinz Kohut, Ettinger also articulated the difference between "empathy without compassion" and "empathy within compassion", claiming that the analyst's empathy without compassion harms the matrixial psychic tissue of the analysand while empathy within compassion leads to creativity and to the broadening of the ethical horizon. A conception where "non-I" is thus trans-connected to the "I", has deep ethical implications[12] as well as far-reaching sociological and political implications that have been further developed by Griselda Pollock in order to rethink Modern and Postmodern art and History.

Other Activities

Robert Doisneau photographed by Ettinger in his studio in Montrouge[13], 1992

Since 2005 Ettinger is an activist member in Physicians for Human Rights (PHR-Israel). Dr. Ettinger contributes to the organization as a clinical psychologist, attending patients in needed areas in the Palestinian occupied territories at the west bank. Ettinger is a strong critic of the Israeli occupation of 1967.

Bracha Ettinger is also famous for her portraits' photography, taken in the context of conversation projects. Some of her portraits, like those of Jean-Francois Lyotard, Joyce McDougall, Edmond Jabès, Emmanuel Lévinas, Robert Doisneau and Yeshayahu Leibowitz appear in several official publications and collections.

Publications

Ettinger is author of several books and more than eighty psychoanalytical essays elaborating different aesthetical, ethical,psychoanalytical and artistic aspects of the matrixial. She is co-author of volumes of conversation with Emmanuel Levinas, Edmond Jabès, Craigie Horsfield, Felix Guattari and Christian Boltanski. Her book Regard et Espace-de-Bord Matrixiels (essays 1994-1999) appeared in French in 1999 (La lettre volée), and has been published in English as The Matrixial Borderspace (2006, University of Minnesota Press, edited by Brian Massumi and forwarded by Judith Butler and Griselda Pollock).[3] Ettinger is one of the leading intellectuals associated with contemporary French feminism and feminist psychoanalytical thought alongside Julia Kristeva and Luce Irigaray. The journal Theory Culture & Society dedicated an issue to her work [TC&S, Vol.21, n.1] in 2004.

Recent Publications

  • "Diotima and the Matrixial Transference: Psychoanalytical Encounter-Event as Pregnancy in Beauty". In: Across the Threshold (Explorations of Liminality in Literature). Edited by C. N. van der Merwe and H. Viljoen. New York: Peter Lang. 2007. ISBN 978-1-4331-0002-4
  • "From Proto-ethical Compassion to Responsibility: Besidedness, and the three Primal Mother-Phantasies of Not-enoughness, Devouring and Abandonment". Athena: Philosophical Studies. Nr. 2 (Vilnius: Versus). 2006. ISSN 1822-5047.
  • "Com-passionate Co-response-ability, Initiation in Jointness, and the link x of Matrixial Virtuality". In: Gorge(l). Oppression and Relief in Art. Edited by Sofie Van Loo. Royal Museum of Fine Art. Antwerpen, 2006. ISBN 9-076-97935-9
  • "Gaze-and-touching the Not Enough Mother" In: Eva Hesse Drawing. Edited by Catherine de Zegher, NY/New Haven: The Drawing Center/Yale University Press. 2006. ISBN 0-300-11618-7
  • "Matrixial Trans-subjectivity". Theory Culture & Society – TCS, 23:2-3. 2006. ISSN 0263-2764
  • "Art and Healing Matrixial Transference Between the Aesthetical and the Ethical." In Catalogue: ARS 06 Biennale. 68-75; 76-81. Helsinki: Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art. 2006.
  • "Fascinance. The Woman-to-woman (Girl-to-m/Other) Matrixial Feminine Difference". In: Psychoanalysis and the Image. Edited by Griselda Pollock. Oxford: Blackwell. 2006. ISBN 1-4051-3461-5
  • "Art-and-Healing Oeuvre." 3 X Abstraction. Edited by Catherine de Zegher and Hendel Teicher, 199-231. NY/New Haven: The Drawing Center/Yale University Press. 2005. ISBN 0-300-10826-5

Selected Publications

  • The Matrixial Borderspace. (Essays from 1994-1999). University of Minnesota Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8166-3587-0
  • "Trenzado y escena primitiva del ser-de-a-tres" (7 June 2000). In: Jacques-Alain Miller, Los usos del lapso, Los cursos psicoanaliticos de Jacques-Alain Miller. Buenos Aires: Paidos. 2004. 466-481. ISBN 950-12-8855-2
  • "Trans-subjective transferential borderspace." (1996) Reprinted in Brian Massumi (ed.), A Shock to Thought. (Expression after Deleuze and Guattari). London & NY: Routeledge, 2002. 215-239. ISBN 0-415-23804-8
  • "The Red Cow Effect." (First printed in 1996 in: Act 2, ISSN 1360-4287). Reprinted in: Mica Howe & Sarah A. Aguiar (eds.), He Said, She Says. Fairleigh Dickinson University press & London: Associated University Press, 2001. 57-88. ISBN 0-8386-3915-1
  • "Matrixial Gaze and Screen: Other than Phallic and Beyond the Late Lacan." In: Laura Doyle (ed.) Bodies of Resistance. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 2001. 103-143. ISBN 0-8101-1847-5
  • "Art as the Transport-Station of Trauma." In: Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger: Artworking 1985-1999, Ghent-Amsterdam: Ludion & Brussels: Palais des Beaux-Arts, 2000. 91-115. (ISBN 90-5544-283-6) Extract in [4]
  • "Transgressing with-in-to the feminine." (1997) Reprinted in: Penny Florence & Nicola Foster (eds.), Differential Aesthetics, London: Ashgate, 2000. 183-210. ISBN 0-7546-1493-X
  • "Trauma and Beauty." In: Kjell R. Soleim [ed.], Fatal Women. Journal of the Center for Women's and Gender Research, Bergen Univ., Vol. 11: 115-128, 1999.
  • "The Feminine/Prenatal Weaving in the Matrixial Subjectivity-as-Encounter." Psychoanalytic Dialogues, VII:3, The Analytic Press, New York, 1997. 363-405. ISSN 1048-1885
  • "Metramorphic Borderlinks and Matrixial Borderspace." In: John Welchman (ed.), Rethinking Borders, Minnesota University Press, 1996. 125-159. ISBN 0-333-56580-0.
  • The Matrixial Gaze. (1994), Feminist Arts & Histories Network - Dept. of Fine Art, Leeds University, 1995. ISBN 0-9524-899. Reprinted as Ch. I in The Matrixial Borderspace.
  • "The Becoming Threshold of Matrixial Borderlines.". In: Robertson et als. (eds.) Travelers' Tales. Routledge, London, 1994. 38-62. ISBN 0-415-07016-3
  • Matrix . Halal(a) - Lapsus. Notes on Painting, 1985-1992. Translated by Joseph Simas. Museum Of Modern Art, Oxford, 1993. ISBN 0-905836-81-2. (Reprinted in Artworking 1985-1999. Ghent: Ludion, 2000. ISBN 90-5544-283-6)
  • "Matrix and Metramorphosis." In: Trouble in the Archives, Special issue of Differences, Vol. 4, n. 3: 176-208, 1992. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Matrix. Carnets 1985-1989 (fragments). In: Chimères, n. 16, 1992.

Bibliography - Selected publications on Ettinger's work

  • Christine Buci-Glucksmann, "Images of Absence in the Inner Space of Painting." In: Catherine de Zegher (ed.), Inside the Visible. MIT Press, Boston, 1996.
  • Christine Buci-Glucksmann, "Eurydice and her doubles. Painting after Auschwitz." In: Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger: Artworking 1985-1999. Ghent-Amsterdam: Ludion & Brussels: Palais des Beaux-Arts, 2000. ISBN 90-5544-283-6
  • Judith Butler, "Bracha's Eurydice." Theory, Culture and Society, Vol. 21, 2004. ISSN 0263-2764
  • Bracha L. Ettinger, "From transference to the aesthetic paradigm: a conversation with Felix Guattari." Reprinted in Brian Massumi (ed.), A Shock to Thought. Expression after Deleuze and Guattari. London & NY: Routeledge. ISBN 0-415-23804-8
  • Dorota Glowacka, "Lyotard and Eurydice: The Anamnesis of the Feminine." In: Gender After Lyotard. Ed. Margaret Grebowicz. NY: Suny Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-7914-6956-9
  • Adrien Harris, "Beyond/Outside Gender Dichotomies: New Forms of Constituting Subjectivity and Difference." Psychoanalytic Dialogues, VII:3, 1997. ISSN 1048-1885
  • Rosi Huhn, "Die Passage zum Anderen: Bracha Lichtenberg Ettingers äesthetisches Konzept der Matrix und Metramorphose", In: Silvia Baumgart (Hrsg), Denkräum. Zwischen Kunst und Wissenschaft. Reimer, Berlin, 1993. ISBN 3-496-01097-5.
  • Jean-Francois Lyotard (1993), "Anamnesis: Of the Visible." Theory, Culture and Society, Vol. 21(1), 2004. ISSN 0263-2764
  • Jean-Francois Lyotard (1995), "Scriptures: Diffracted Traces." Theory, Culture and Society, Vol. 21(1), 2004.
  • Griselda Pollock, 'Generations and Geographies in the Visual Arts. London: Routledge, 1996. ISBN 0-415-14128-1.
  • Griselda Pollock and Penny Florence, Looking Back to the Future: Essays by Griselda Pollock from the 1990s. G&B Arts Press, 2000. ISBN 90-5701-132-8
  • Griselda Pollock, "Does Art Think?." In: Dana Arnold and Margaret Iverson (eds.) Art and Thought. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2003. ISBN 0-631-22715-6
  • Griselda Pollock, "Rethinking the Artist in the Woman, The Woman in the Artist, and that Old Chestnut, the Gaze." In: Women Artists as the Millennium. Edited by Carol Armstrong and Catherine de Zegher. Cambridge Massachusetts: October Books, MIT Press, 2006. 35-83. ISBN 978-0-262-01226-3
  • Griselda Pollock, "Beyond Oedipus. Feminist Thought, Psychoanalysis, and Mythical Figurations of the Feminine." In: Laughing with Medusa. Edited by Vanda Zajko and Miriam Leonard. Oxford University Press, 2006. 87-117. ISBN 0-19-927438-X
  • Griselda Pollock, Ch. 6: "The Graces of Catastrophe". in: Encounters in the Virtual Feminist Museum: Time, Space and the Archive. Routledge, 2007. ISBN 0415413745.
  • Adrian Rifkin, "... respicit Orpheus", In: Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger: The Eurydice Series. [Catherine de Zegher and Brian Massumi (eds.)]. Drawing Papers, n.24. NY: The Drawing Center, 2001.
  • Heinz-Peter Schwerfel, "Matrix und Morpheus" in: Kino und Kunst. DuMont Literatur und Kunst Verlag, Koln. 2003. ISBN 3-8321-7214-9.
  • Sofie Van Loo, "Eros and Erotiek" in ThRu1. Text / catalogue for virtual solo exhibition at Lokaal01, Antwerp, 2007. [5].
  • Paul Vendenbroek, Azetta - L'art de femmes Berberes. Paris: Flammarion, 2000. ISBN 90-5544-282-8

Conversations

  • "From transference to the aesthetic paradigm: a conversation with Felix Guattari" (1989). Reprinted in Brian Massumi (ed.), A Shock to Thought. London & NY: Routeledge, 2002. ISBN 0-415-23804-8
  • Matrix et le voyage à Jérusalem de C.B. (1989). Artist book, limited edition, with 60 photos of Christian Boltanski by Ettinger, and Conversation between Ettinger and Boltanski. 1991.
  • Edmond Jabès in conversation with Bracha Ettinger (1990, selection). "This is the Desert, Nothing Strikes Root Here." In: Routes Of Wandering. Edited by Sarit Shapira. The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, 1991. 246-256. ISBN 965-278-116-9
  • Edmond Jabès in conversation with Bracha L. Ettinger (1990, selection). A Threshold Where We are Afraid. Translated by Annemarie Hamad and Scott Lerner. MOMA, Oxford, 1993. ISBN 0-905836-86-3
  • Emmanuel Levinas in conversation with Bracha L. Ettinger (1991-93, selection). Time is the Breath of the Spirit. Translated by C. Ducker and J. Simas. MOMA (Museum of Modern Art), Oxford, 1993. ISBN 0-905836-85-5.
  • Emmanuel Levinas in conversation with Bracha L. Ettinger (1991-93, selection). "What would Eurydice Say?"/ "Que dirait Eurydice?" Reprint of Le féminin est cette différence inouïe (livre d'artiste, 1994 that includes the text of Time is the Breath of the Spirit). Trans. C. Ducker and J. Simas. Reprinted to coincide with the Kabinet exhibition, Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, Paris: BLE Atelier, 1997. ISBN 2-910845-08-7. Reprinted in: Athena: Philosophical Studies. Vol. 2 (Vilnius: Versus). ISSN 1822-5047.
  • "Working-Through." A conversation between Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger and Craigie Horsfield. In: Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger: Eurydice Series. Drawing Papers, n.24. NY: The Drawing Center. 2001. 37-62.
  • "Conversation: Craigie Horsfield and Bracha L. Ettinger". September 2004. In: Craigie Horsfield, Relation. Edited by Catherine de Zegher. Paris: Jeu de Paume, 2006.
  • Conversation between Bracha L. Ettinger and Akseli Virtanen, "Art, Memory, Resistance." In Framework: The Finnish Art Review 4: Permanent Transience and in Web Journal Ephemera, vol.5 no.X.

References

  1. ^ Face à l'Histoire. 1933-1996. Paris: Flammarion and Centre George Pompidou, 1996.ISBN 2-85850-898-4
  2. ^ Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger: Eurydice Series. Edited by Catherine de Zegher and Brian Massumi. Drawing Papers, n.24. NY: The Drawing Center, 2001. With texts by Judith Butler, Bracha Ettinger, Adrien Rifkin and the editors, and including a conversatrion between the Bracha Ettinger and Creigie Horsfield.
  3. ^ Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger, Matrix. Halal(a) - Lapsus. Notes on Painting. Oxford: MOMA, 1993.ISBN 0-905836-81-2
  4. ^ Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger: Artworking 1985-1999, with a reprint of Notes on Painting. Ludion: Ghent-Amsterdam, and Brussels: Palais des Beaux-Arts, 2000. ISBN 90-5544-283-6
  5. ^ AHRC Centre for Cultural Analysis, Theory and History. AHRC B.Ettinger page.
  6. ^ European Graduate School www.egs.edu.
  7. ^ Women Artists at the Millennium, 2006, Edited by Carol Armstrong and Catherine de Zegher. ISBN 0-262-01226-X, ISBN 978-0-262-01226-3. The MIT press book page.
  8. ^ Pollock, Griselda, Encounters in the Virtual Feminist Museum. Taylor and Francis, ISBN 0415413745.
  9. ^ Bracha L. Ettinger, "Matrixial Trans-subjectivity" in: Problematizing Global Knowledge. Theory, Culture and Society, Volum 23, Numbers 2-3, 2006.ISSN 0263-2764
  10. ^ Regard et Espace-de-bord matrixiels. La lettre volee. ISBN 2-87317-102-2.
  11. ^ The Matrixial Borderspace, University of Minnesota Press 2006, edited by Brian Massumi and forwarded by Judith Butler and Griselda Pollock. ISBN 0-8166-3587-0 Upress relevant page.
  12. ^ Bracha L. Ettinger, "From Proto-ethical Compassion to Responsibility: Besideness, and the three Primal Mother-Phantasies of Not-enoughness, Devouring and Abandonment". In: Athena: Philosophical Studies. Vol. 2 (Vilnius: Versus). 2006. 100-135. ISSN 1822-5047.
  13. ^ Rosi Huhn (Interview), Bracha L. Ettinger (Portraits of R. Doineau) and the Parisian Photographs of Robert Doisneau, "Promenades dans les passage de Paris avec Robert Doisneau." In: Passages d'après Walter Benjamin / Passagen Nach Walter benjamin. [Ed. V. Malsey, U. Rasch, P. Rautmann, N. Schalz]. Verlag Herman Schmidt, Mainz, 1992. ISBN 3-87439-250-3.

See also

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