Zefiro (train)
| Zefiro | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Bombardier Zefiro 380 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Bombardier Zefiro trains are a family of high speed and very high speed passenger trains with top operating speeds from 250 km/h upwards. The trains are the design of Bombardier Transportation.
The Zefiro 250 with a top operating speed of 250 km/h (160 mph), wholly manufactured in China, and the Zefiro 300 with a top operating speed of 300 km/h (190 mph), and the Zefiro 380 make up this family of trains.
Background
Bombardier transportation and its predecessor companies produced a variety of high speed trainsets[4] , as part collaborations with other conglomerates, such as the Intercity-Express family of locomotives[5] (Germany), AVE Class 102[5], RENFE class 130 (Spain), ICN (Switzerland), the Acela express[5] (USA), and parts of the TGV Duplex, Eurostar, Thalys, and ETR 500[5] trainsets (Europe various). Additionally the company has independently produced high speed trainsets for specific markets, such as CRH1, "Xinshisu"(X 2000)[5] (China), Regina (Sweden) and BM71 (Norway).[6]
In November 2005 Bombardier launched its general solution Zefiro single deck trains for high speed rail lines, available in 4, 8,12 or 16 car sets[4], capable of being configured for a variety of supply voltages[3] , and produced in either standard (2.9m) or wide (3.4m) widths.[2]
Design
The Zefiro trainsets are a conventional (non-inter coach articulated) single deck electrical multiple unit high speed train, consisting of powered (motor car) and unpowered cars (trailer cars), with motorized power cars at either end (motorized end car).[4] Car bodies are of aluminium construction[note 1] with customisable open plan.[7][8]
Trains are made up of 4 car units; each four car unit contains a transformer and its own power supply. Typically the end cars have powered bogies, with the two middle cars being unpowered. The pantograph is located on one of the unpowered cars.[1]
The specifications for all current designs (2009) describe asynchronous three phase motors, with forced air cooling.[1][7], however Bombardier offers the option of permanent magnet synchronous motors[9] tested on modified Regina trains in 2008 on the "Green Train" (Swedish: Gröna Tåget)[10] which it groups in its "ECO4" energy saving technologies[11]
Variants
Zefiro 250
| Zefiro 250 | |
|---|---|
| Constructed | 2009- |
| Formation | 8 or 16 cars (sleeper or seated)[7] |
| Capacity | 480 beds, 16 luxury beds, 122 seats (16 car sleeper version)[7] |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Stainless steel carbody in wide profile[7][note 2] |
| Train length | 216 m (8 cars), 429 m (16 cars)[7] |
| Width | 3.4 m[1][note 2] |
| Maximum speed | 250 km/h[7] |
| Weight | 859 t (16-car trainset)[7] |
| Power output | 13.5 MW (for propulsion)[7] |
| Acceleration | > 0.6 m/s²[7] |
| Electric system(s) | 25 kV AC[7][note 2] |
| Bogies | Regina type ("FLEXX link") with 2.7 m wheelbase[7] |
| Multiple working | Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[7] |
The first variant of the Zefiro concept produced was a series of 20 16 car EMU sleeper trains produced by Bombardier's joint venture Sifang Power (Qingdao) Transportation (BSP) being delivered from 2009. These trains were the first high speed trains license manufactured in China as well as the highest speed sleeper trains at that time.[5]
Under China railways use they are classified class CRH1E.[12]
Starting acceleration is greater than 0.6 m/s², with a 16 car train weight of 859 t and an axle load of 16.5 t, bogie type is that found on the Regina (train) with 2.7 m wheelbase with 63% of axles motorized.[7]
In July 2010 The Ministry of Railways ordered 40 more 8-car 250 km/h CRH1 Zefiro high speed trains from the Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd joint venture.[13]
Zefiro 300
| Zefiro 300 | |
|---|---|
| Formation | up to 16car[7] |
| Capacity | 600 seats (8 car)[7] 1,200 seats (16 car)[7] |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Aluminium carbody, UIC profile[7] |
| Train length | 202 m (8 car train), 402 m (16 car train)[7] |
| Width | 2.9 m[citation needed] |
| Maximum speed | 300 to 360 km/h[7] |
| Power output | 8.8 MW (8 car train @300 km/h)[7] |
| Acceleration | > 0.6 m/s²[7] |
| Bogies | "FLEXX speed", 2.85 m wheelbase[7] |
| Multiple working | Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[7] |
The Zefiro 300 type is intended for european operations, with a UIC profile, an capable of being fitted for use on all four european electrification schemes (1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 & 25 kV AC). Bogies are FLEXX type with 2.75m wheelbase with 50% motorized, starting acceleration is >0.60 m·s−2 an axle load of ~17 t.[7] Two 8 car sets can work in multiple.[7]
Zefiro V300
A variant the V300 Zefiro was offered by Bombardier in association with AnsaldoBreda to Trenitalia as part of a bid for 50 new high speed trainsets in 2010.[14] Trenitalia selected this bid as the winner on 5 August 2010.[15] These will enter service in 2013 and will be designated ETR1000.[16]
Zefiro 380
| Zefiro 380 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Entered service | 2012[3] |
| Formation | 8 or 16 car[7] |
| Capacity | 664 seats (max) 8 car[7] 1,336 seats (max) 16 car[7] |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Aluminium carbody, wide profile[7] |
| Train length | 215 m (8 car) 415 m (16 car)[7] |
| Width | 3.4 m[citation needed] |
| Maximum speed | 380 km/h[7] |
| Weight | 934 t[7] |
| Power output | 20 MW (16 car @380 km/h)[7] 10 MW (8 car @380 km/h)[17] |
| Acceleration | > 0.48 m/s²[7] |
| Bogies | "FLEXX speed" with 2.7 m wheelbase[7] |
| Multiple working | Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[7] |
In September 2009, Bombardier announced an order for 80 Zefiro 380 very high speed trains by the Chinese Ministry of Railways (MOR) to be produced at Bombardier's joint venture Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd. The order of twenty 16 car sets and sixty 8 car sets was estimated to be worth 27.4 billion RMB (approx 2.7€ billion or $4 billion). The value of Bombardier's share is estimated at 1.3€ billion. [18][19]
Under China railways use these trains have been designated CRH1C (8 car set) and CRH1D (16 car set).[12] which was later revised to CRH380C and CRH380CL and once again to CRH380D (8 car set) & CRH380DL (16 car set) with the introduction of a new CRH380C design.[citation needed]
See also
- China Railways CRH1 -Class designation of China railways high speed trains of Bombardier design
- Siemens Velaro -competitor of similar design.
- Alstom AGV -competitor of similar design.
Footnotes
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j BOMBARDIER ZEFIRO High-speed Trains for 200 to 350 km/h Bombardier zefiro technical description. via superscooper.com
- ^ a b c d Bombardier launches high-speed train International Railway Journal, Dec 2005, via findarticles.com
- ^ a b c d ZEFIRO high speed trains Project Overview bombardier.com
- ^ a b c High speed from Bombardier – ZEFIRO (presentation) Flavio Canetti, Bombardier Transportation via uic.org
- ^ a b c d e f Will Zefiro take high-speed forward? After years of collaboration in high-speed trains, Bombardier will soon launch its own dedicated train called Zefiro, and the company has high expectations of this exciting new design International Railway Journal, March 2008, via findarticles.com
- ^ [1]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Sources:
"Very High Speed Trains - Bombardier" (PDF). zefiro.bombardier.com. Bombardier.
"Zefiro - a new sense of speed" (PDF). zefiro.bombardier.com. Bombardier.
"ZEFIRO 250 datasheet" (PDF). zefiro.bombardier.com. Bombardier.
"ZEFIRO 380 datasheet" (PDF). zefiro.bombardier.com. Bombardier. - ^ Backgrounder: Bombardier Zefiro: The next step in very high-speed rail technology transport.bombardier.com
- ^ MITRAC Permanent Magnet Motor bombardier.com
- ^ ECO4 – Now, More than Ever, the Climate is Right for Trains page 5 bombardier.com
- ^ ECO4: Revolutionary Energy-Saving Technologies bombardier.com
- ^ a b The New High Speed Superpower www.eurotrib.com
- ^ "Fourth order for CRH1 high speed trains". Railway Gazette International. 16 July 2010.
- ^ "AnsaldoBreda and Bombardier combine to offer V300 Zefiro". Railway Gazette International. 9 June 2010.
- ^ "Trenitalia awards contract for 50 high speed trains". Railway Gazette International. 5 August 2010.
- ^ "Railway Gazette: Trenitalia signs V300ZEFIRO high speed train contract". Retrieved 2010-10-01.
- ^ http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/sb/irj0910/#/66
- ^ Bombardier Sifang Wins Contract to Build 80 Very High Speed Trains for China Market Wire, September 2009 via findarticles.com
- ^ Bombardier Sifang Wins Contract to Build 80 Very High Speed Trains for China September 28, 2009 , press release bombardier.com
External links
- Bombardier Zefiro Bombardier Zefiro site