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Red (Taylor Swift album)

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Red is the fourth studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It was released on October 22, 2012 through Big Machine Records, as the follow-up to her commercially successful 2010 album Speak Now.[8] It was announced through Swift's live webchat on August 13, 2012, in which she revealed the album title, album cover, as well as answered fan questions. Four promotional singles were released in the month leading up to the album release, three of which debuted inside the top ten of the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. The album features collaborations with new producers and guest artists such as Gary Lightbody and Ed Sheeran, and sees Swift experimenting with new musical genres.

The album's lead single, "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" was a worldwide commercial success, topping the iTunes charts all over the world and sold 623,000 copies in the first week, becoming Swift's first ever Billboard Hot 100 chart-topper after vaulting from 72 to number one and stayed atop for three weeks. The second single, "Begin Again" was released in October 1. "I Knew You Were Trouble." was released as the third official single (promoted, like "Begin Again," from promotional single status) on November 11.

Red has also spawned three other promotional singles, all of them reached top 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Red has been mostly acclaimed by music critics, who praised Swift's versatility as a musician and enjoyed her experiments with new music genres. Red sold 1,208,000 copies in its first week in the U.S, debuting at number one on the Billboard 200 chart, and scored the highest number one debut in the US for the 2010s decade so far.[9] Red is also Swift's first chart-topper in the U.K., and also topped the album charts in Australia, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand. The album sold 1.89 million copies in its first three weeks, this superseding One Direction's Up All Night as the second biggest selling album of the year in the U.S.[10]

Background

Title

During the webchat, Swift revealed the meaning behind her album's title:

"All the different emotions that are written about on this album are all pretty much about the kind of tumultuous, crazy, insane, intense, semi-toxic relationships that I’ve experienced in the last two years. All those emotions — spanning from intense love, intense frustration, jealousy, confusion, all of that — in my mind, all those emotions are red. You know, there’s nothing in between. There’s nothing beige about any of those feelings."[11]

Taylor, who had spent over two years writing and exploring this album, also revealed to MTV news "that the album brings fans on a lyrical journey that explores falling in love, heartache and new beginnings". She also explained how she transformed her emotions into hit songs and is ever conscious not to repeat herself in her songs.

Promotion

Singles

The album's lead single, "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" was released on August 13 and has since became Swift's first number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100. The song's jump from its debut position number 72 to number one was the result of a massive digital demand on the song. With 623,000 downloads, the song placed second among all-time best week sales singles, behind Flo Rida's 2009 hit "Right Round."

"Begin Again" was released to iTunes on September 25, 2012 as part of a countdown to the album release. It was later announced the track, initially a promotional single, would be serviced to country radio on October 1, 2012 as the second single from the album.[12][13] The song sold 299,000 digital copies in its first week of release and debuted at number 7 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart dated October 4, 2012.[14]

"I Knew You Were Trouble." has been confirmed to be released as the third official single off Red and will impact radio stations in the United States on November 27, 2012[15] and the second single for the album in the United Kingdom on December 10, 2012.[16]

Promotional singles

During the four weeks preceding the release of Red, one track was released each week digitally on iTunes after a preview of it had been heard on Good Morning America.[17] The first of the four promotional singles is "Begin Again", which was released digitally on iTunes on September 25, 2012.[18] "Red" is the second promotional single off the album,[19] and became available for download on October 2, 2012. "Red" debuted at number 6 on the Hot 100 with sales of 312,000.[20] "I Knew You Were Trouble." is the third promotional single off the album, and became available for download on October 9, 2012.[21] The fourth and final promotional single is "State of Grace", which became available for download on October 16, 2012.[22] Each of them reached No. 1 on iTunes and the top 15 on the Billboard Hot 100, with "I Knew You Were Trouble." having the highest peak at No. 3 as Swift's 14th top 10 song. With sales of 416,000 from "I Knew You Were Trouble." Taylor Swift became the first artist in digital history to have two songs that debuted with sales of 400,000 or more copies.[23]

Tour

Main article: Red Tour

Swift has announced details of the first leg of her Red Tour. From March to September 2013, she is set to play 58 dates across North America. Ed Sheeran is scheduled to appear as the opening act for all dates.

Reception

Critical response

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
Metacritic77/100[24]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[25]
The A.V. ClubB+[26]
BillboardPositive[6]
Entertainment WeeklyB+[2]
Los Angeles Times[27]
The Guardian[28]
Rolling Stone[4]
Slant Magazine [3]
Spin8/10[29]
Robert ChristgauA−[30]

Red received positive reviews from music critics. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 77 based on 22 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews."[24] Melissa Maerz of Entertainment Weekly gave the album a (B+) and wrote: "(Red) finds her singing about walking directly into traffic, wading into quicksand, and flirting with the kinds of jerks Kanye West might toast to." and closed her review with: "Red might be about flirting with danger."[2] Lewis Corner of Digital Spy gave a positive review on the album and rated it as four-stars-out-of-five and said: "she sounds anything but a broken record – especially when she's on the cusp of global domination."[31] The Guardian reviewer was also very positive on the album, gave it four-stars-out-of-five and wrote: "Red was allegedly inspired by her experience of love and its fast-paced, crazy adventures, how she's had time to open her door to such a parade of lovers good and bad, God only knows."[28] Rolling Stone reviewer Jon Dolan found some influences on the album such as Joni Mitchell and U2, rated it three-and-half-stars out of five and said: "her self-discovery project is one of the best stories in pop. When she's really on, her songs are like tattoos."[4] Billboard gave a very positive review to the album in its track-by-track review, called it "her most interesting full-length to date" and said:"Red puts Swift the artist front and center with big, beefy hooks that transcend her country roots for a genre-spanning record that reaches heights unseen since Shania Twain's Up!."[6]

Robert Christgau praised the album by saying "I like the feisty ones, as I generally do. But "Begin Again" and especially "Stay Stay Stay" stay happy and hit just as hard. That's hard." [32] Ryan Gardner of AbsolutePunk lauded Red as her " most ambitious, dynamic record yet", that "It’s sexy, daring, and complete." and "there are times when Swift doesn’t just flirt with pop, she marries it." [33] Michael Gallucci of A.V. Club said "Lyrically, it’s the same path Swift has walked since her 2006 debut, just deeper and a little darker. But musically, it’s bigger and bolder than anything she’s ever done in the pop world." however saying "It’s magnificent at times, but it’s also complicated and sometimes unfocused." He dismissed the duets as boring, however praising "State of Grace" and "All Too Well" as "ocassionally fascinating work". [34] American Songwriter 's writer, Jewly Hight, commended Swift for getting "phenomenally good at capturing those moments in tangible detail, as she does during the gradually swelling “Treacherous,” the rock guitar-propelled “All Too Well” and the whimsical “Stay Stay Stay.” The title track—which splits the difference between big country-pop and propulsive, anthemic dance music, an experiment that largely pays off—is made of more sensory, synesthesia-style poetry." However she also noted that she still "expresses herself tends toward one-sidedness. Whether she’s cutting a callous heartbreaker down to size, or savoring how sweet, goofy and gentlemanly a guy is acting, there’s not much mutuality to the storytelling. And maybe that will come with time. There are plenty of songwriters twice her age who have yet to get there, but her gifts have always grown well ahead of the curve." [35] Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic stated that "Although she can still seem a little gangly in her lyrical details -- her relationship songs are too on the nose and she has an odd obsession about her perceived persecution by the cool kids -- these details hardly undermine the pristine pop confections surrounding them. If anything, these ungainly, awkward phrasings humanizes this mammoth pop monolith: she’s constructed something so precise its success seems preordained, but underneath it all, Taylor is still twitchy, which makes Red not just catchy but compelling." [36]

The Daily Telegraph was more critical, rated it as three-stars-out-of-five and wrote: "It's frustrating, then, when Swift reverts back to type. Too many of the songs on this bloated 16-track album revisit the gently strummed verses and characterless choruses of her previous work."[7]

Commercial response

Red was a commercial success. On October 29, Red became Swift's first number one album in the United Kingdom selling over 61,000 in its first week.[37] In the United States, Red became the fastest-selling album in over a decade after selling 1.208.000 copies in its first week, and earned Swift her third number one album on the Billboard 200.[38] It sold around 1.459 million copies worldwide in its first week of sales.[39] "Red" sat atop US Charts, Australian Charts, Irish Charts, UK Charts, New Zealand Charts and Canadian Charts.[40] Red has already received a Platinum certification in both Australia and New Zealand [40] "Red" held No.1 position on the US Charts for three weeks until dethroned by One Direction's Take Me Home.[41] All the songs from "Red" debuted inside US Billboard Hot 200 and Canadian Billboard Hot 100 upon its release.[42] Less than a month after its release, "Red" has sold 1.89 million albums in US [43] and 2.803 million albums worldwide.[44]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."State of Grace"Taylor SwiftNathan Chapman, Swift4:55
2."Red"SwiftDann Huff, Chapman, Swift3:43
3."Treacherous"Swift, Dan WilsonWilson4:02
4."I Knew You Were Trouble."Swift, Max Martin, ShellbackMartin, Shellback3:39
5."All Too Well"Swift, Liz RoseChapman, Swift5:29
6."22"Swift, Martin, ShellbackMartin, Shellback3:52
7."I Almost Do"SwiftChapman, Swift4:04
8."We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together"Swift, Martin, ShellbackMartin, Shellback3:13
9."Stay Stay Stay"SwiftChapman, Swift3:25
10."The Last Time" (featuring Gary Lightbody of Snow Patrol)Swift, Lightbody, Jacknife LeeLee4:59
11."Holy Ground"SwiftJeff Bhasker3:22
12."Sad Beautiful Tragic"SwiftChapman, Swift4:44
13."The Lucky One"SwiftBhasker4:00
14."Everything Has Changed" (featuring Ed Sheeran)Swift, SheeranButch Walker4:05
15."Starlight"SwiftHuff, Chapman, Swift3:40
16."Begin Again"SwiftHuff, Chapman, Swift3:57
Total length:65:11
Deluxe edition (Disc 2)
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."The Moment I Knew"SwiftChapman, Swift4:46
2."Come Back... Be Here"Swift, WilsonWilson3:43
3."Girl at Home"SwiftChapman, Swift3:40
4."Treacherous (Original Demo Recording)" (Original Demo Recording)Swift, WilsonWilson4:00
5."Red" (Original Demo Recording)SwiftChapman, Swift3:47
6."State of Grace" (Acoustic Version)SwiftChapman, Swift5:23
7."We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" (Acoustic Version)Swift, Martin, ShellbackMartin, Shellback(Unreleased)
Total length:25:16

Personnel

Credits adopted from Allmusic:[45]

Technical and production
  • 2 Chainz – engineering
  • French Montana – producer, programming
  • Rick Ross – Editing, engineering
  • Supa Hot Fire – assistant
  • Aubrey Graham – programming
  • Meek Mill – executive producer
  • Delbert Bowers – assistant
  • Chad Carlson – engineering
  • Nathan Chapman – producer, engineering
  • Tom Coyne – mastering
  • Leland Elliott – assistant
  • Eric Eylands – assistant
  • Greg Fuess – assistant
  • Chris Galland – assistant
  • Serban Ghenea – mixing
  • Matty Green – assistant
  • John Hanes – mixing engineer
  • Sam Holland – engineering
  • Dann Huff – producer
  • David Huff – digital editing
  • Michael Ilbert – engineering
  • Tyler Johnson – guitar engineer
  • Jacknife Lee – engineering, producer, programming
  • Steve Marcantonio – engineering
  • Manny Marroquin – mixing
  • Max Martin – producer
  • Seth Morton – assistant
  • Justin Niebank – mixing
  • Chris Owens – assistant
  • John Rausch – engineering
  • Matt Rausch – engineering
  • Tim Roberts – assistant
  • Eric Robinson – engineering
  • Pawel Sek – engineering
  • Shellback – producer, programming
  • Jake Sinclair – engineering
  • Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing
  • Taylor Swift – producer
  • Andy Thompson – engineering
  • Butch Walker – producer
  • Hank Williams – mastering
  • Brian David Willis – engineering
  • Dan Wilson – producer
On instruments
  • Peggy Baldwin – cello
  • Brett Banducci – viola
  • Jeff Bhasker – bass guitar, keyboards, piano
  • J. Bonilla – drums, percussion
  • Nick Buda – drums
  • Tom Bukovac – electric guitar
  • David Campbell – string arranging, conducting
  • Nathan Chapman – bass guitar, drums, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, keyboards, mandolin, percussion, piano, soloist, synthesizer
  • Daphne Chen – violin
  • Lauren Chipman – viola
  • Eric Darken – percussion
  • Marcia Dickstein – harp
  • Richard Dodd – cello
  • Paul Franklin – steel guitar
  • Eric Gorfain – violin
  • Dann Huff – bouzouki, electric guitar, hi string guitar
  • Charlie Judge – accordion, hammond B3, piano, upright piano, strings, synthaxe, synthesizer
  • Gina Kronstadt – violin
  • John Krovoza – cello
  • Marisa Kuney – violin
  • Jacknife Lee – bass guitar, guitar, keyboards
  • Max Martin – keyboards
  • Anders Mouridsen – guitar
  • Jamie Muhoberac – cello
  • Neli Nikolaeva – violin
  • Owen Pallett – conductor, orchestration
  • Radu Pieptea – violin
  • Simeon Pillich – contrabass
  • Wes Precourt – violin
  • Bill Rieflin – drums
  • Shellback – bass guitar, guitar, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, keyboards
  • Jake Sinclair – guitar bass
  • Jimmie Sloas – guitar bass
  • Aaron Sterling – drums
  • Taylor Swift – acoustic guitar
  • Jeff Takiguchi – contrabass
  • Andy Thompson – guitar, electric piano
  • Ilya Toshinskiy – mandolin
  • Butch Walker – drums, guitar, keyboards, percussion
  • Patrick Warren – string arrangements
  • Amy Wickman – violin
  • Dan Wilson – bass guitar, electric guitar, piano
  • Rodney Wirtz – violin
  • Jonathan Yudkin – fiddle, violin

Charts and certifications

Release history

Country Date Edition(s) Label
Canada[74] October 22, 2012 Deluxe Universal Music
New Zealand[75] Standard
United Kingdom[76] Deluxe Mercury Records
United States[77] Standard, deluxe Big Machine Records
Italy[78][79] October 23, 2012 Universal Music
Australia[80]
Spain[81][82]
Japan[83][84] October 24, 2012
Netherlands[85][86] October 25, 2012
Germany[87][88] October 26, 2012 Deluxe, Standard
Thailand[89][90] October 27, 2012 Deluxe
October 31, 2012 Standard
France[91][92] November 5, 2012 Standard, Deluxe Mercury Records
Philippines[93] MCA Music Inc.

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