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2014 Formula One World Championship

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The 2014 Formula One season will be the 65th season of the Formula One World Championship, a motor racing championship for Formula One cars which is recognised by the sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars. Teams and drivers will contest a record-breaking twenty-one Grands Prix for the World Drivers' and World Constructors' Championships.

In 2014, the championship will see the introduction of a revised engine formula, in which the 2.4 litre V8 engine configuration—previously used between 2006 and 2013—will be replaced with a new formula specifying a 1.6 litre turbocharged V6 engine that incorporates an energy recovery system into its build.[1] The 2014 season calendar will undergo substantial revisions, with the addition of three new and returnung races: the Russian Grand Prix will be held for the first time at the Sochi International Street Circuit in Sochi,[2][3] whilst the Austrian and Mexican Grands Prix will be revived, with the races to be held at the Red Bull Ring in Spielberg,[4] and the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City respectively.[5] The Indian Grand Prix will be discontinued for one year ahead of a move to an early-season date in 2015.[6]

Signed teams and drivers

The following teams and drivers are scheduled to take part in the 2014 season. However, their participation depends on the teams agreeing to continue competing in the sport under the terms of a new Concorde Agreement.[7]

Team Constructor Engine Race drivers
Malaysia Caterham F1 Team Caterham TBA[8] France Charles Pic[9]
TBA
Italy Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari Ferrari Spain Fernando Alonso[10]
Finland Kimi Räikkönen[11]
India Sahara Force India F1 Team Force India Mercedes[12] United Kingdom Paul di Resta[13]
TBA
United Kingdom Lotus F1 Team Lotus TBA[14] TBA
TBA
Russia Marussia F1 Team Marussia Ferrari[15] TBA
TBA
United Kingdom McLaren Mercedes[16] McLaren Mercedes[17] Mexico Sergio Pérez[18]
TBA[19]
Germany Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team Mercedes Mercedes United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[20]
Germany Nico Rosberg[21]
Austria Infiniti Red Bull Racing Red Bull Renault[22] Australia Daniel Ricciardo[23]
Germany Sebastian Vettel[24]
Switzerland Sauber F1 Team Sauber TBA Russia Sergey Sirotkin[25]
TBA
Italy Scuderia Toro Rosso Toro Rosso Renault[22] France Jean-Éric Vergne[26]
TBA
United Kingdom Williams F1 Team Williams Mercedes[27] TBA
TBA

Team changes

  • In 2011, former British American Racing team principal Craig Pollock announced the formation of Propulsion Universelle et Recuperation d'Energie (commonly known by its acronym, PURE), and signalled his intentions to enter the sport in 2014 as a customer engine supplier,[28] though as of November 2012, the company had no clients for the 2014 season.[29]
  • Cosworth elected not to build an engine to fit the 2014 generation of regulations.[30] This decision prompted Marussia, the only team using Cosworth engines during the 2013 season, to seek out a new engine supplier.[31] They later joined Ferrari's customer programme with Ferrari providing the team with both engine and powertrain for 2014 and beyond.[15]
  • Scuderia Toro Rosso secured an agreement with Renault for engines in 2014, ending their seven-year arrangement with Ferrari.[22]
  • Williams will part ways with Renault after two seasons, switching to Mercedes power in what the team described as a "long-term deal".[27] The deal came after Renault publicised their intentions to reduce their engine supply to three teams in 2014.[14]

Driver changes

List of planned races

The following twenty-one Grands Prix are currently scheduled to take place in 2014.[36]

Round Grand Prix Circuit Date
1 Australian GP Australia Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit, Melbourne 16 March
2 Malaysian GP Malaysia Sepang International Circuit, Kuala Lumpur 23 March
3 Chinese GP China Shanghai International Circuit, Shanghai 6 April
4 Korean GP South Korea Korea International Circuit, Yeongam 13 April
5 Bahrain GP Bahrain Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir 27 April
6 Spanish GP Spain Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, Barcelona 11 May
7 Monaco GP Monaco Circuit de Monaco, Monte Carlo 25 May
8 Canadian GP Canada Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Montreal 8 June
9 Austrian GP Austria Red Bull Ring, Spielberg 22 June
10 British GP United Kingdom Silverstone Circuit, Silverstone 6 July
11 German GP Germany Hockenheimring, Hockenheim 20 July
12 Hungarian GP Hungary Hungaroring, Budapest 27 July
13 Belgian GP Belgium Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Francorchamps 24 August
14 Italian GP Italy Autodromo Nazionale Monza, Monza 7 September
15 Singapore GP Singapore Marina Bay Street Circuit, Marina Bay 21 September
16 Japanese GP Japan Suzuka Circuit, Suzuka 5 October
17 Russian GP Russia Sochi International Street Circuit, Sochi 19 October
18 Abu Dhabi GP United Arab Emirates Yas Marina Circuit, Abu Dhabi 26 October
19 Mexican GP Mexico Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico City 9 November
20 United States GP United States Circuit of the Americas, Austin 16 November
21 Brazilian GP Brazil Autódromo José Carlos Pace, São Paulo 30 November
Sources:[37]

Calendar changes

Formula One will travel to Russia for the first time in 2014, with the Russian Grand Prix to be held at a street circuit in the Sochi Olympic Park.
  • Red Bull have reached an agreement with Bernie Ecclestone to revive the Austrian Grand Prix after a ten-year absence from the calendar. The race, to be held at the Red Bull Ring, was given a provisional date of June 2014.[38][37] The Austrian Grand Prix was last held at the circuit in 2003, when it was known as the A1-Ring.
  • The Hockenheimring is scheduled to return to the calendar to host the German Grand Prix, in keeping with the event-sharing agreement first established in 2008 with the Nürburgring for the two circuits to host the Grand Prix in alternating years. The Hockenheimring last hosted a Formula One Grand Prix in 2012.[39]
  • The Indian Grand Prix will not be held in 2014 after organisers sought to have the event brought forward from its October date to April, but expressed concerns about running two races together in quick succession. The race promoters came to an agreement with Bernie Ecclestone whereby the race will not be held in 2014 and will instead return to the calendar in 2015 with an early-season date.[6]
  • The Korean Grand Prix will be brought forward from its October date to April to become the fourth round of the championship,[37] coinciding with the Chinese and Malaysian Grands Prix for logistical reasons.
  • The Mexican Grand Prix will return to the calendar after a twenty-two year absence, with the race to be run at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez circuit in Mexico City. The race was partnered with the United States Grand Prix and given a November date.[37] Its inclusion on the calendar came with the condition that work on the circuit be completed in time for the race.[40]
  • The calendar will see the addition of the Russian Grand Prix with the race to be held at the Sochi International Street Circuit during the second half of the season.[41][42] The race will take place on a street circuit to be constructed around the Sochi Olympic Park. It will be the first Russian Grand Prix in a century, and the first time the country has ever hosted a round of the Formula One World Championship.[2] The International Olympic Committee has cautioned that it will use its power to delay the race until 2015 if it feels that construction of the circuit and facilities disrupt preparations for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games.[43] In August 2013 it was reported that the Russian Automobile Federation (RAF) had missed a deadline to submit its application to the FIA to host the race in 2014 due to ongoing financial disputes with the race promoters, including over funding for training of track marshals and commercial and intellectual property rights for the event. Despite this RAF indicated that the application could still be lodged successfully under 'force majeure' conditions if the FIA grants permission and if the disputes can be resolved.[44]

Changes

Rule changes

Technical regulations
  • The 2014 season will see the introduction of a new engine formula, with the sport moving towards a turbocharged, 1.6 litre V6 format with an 8-speed semi automatic gearbox.[1] The rules dictate the use of a ninety-degree engine bank, with fixed crankshaft axis and mounting points for the chassis, while the engines will be limited to 15,000rpm. Individual engine units under the 2014 specifications must last for at least 4,000 km (2,500 mi) before being replaced, in comparison to the pre-2014 engines, which were required to last for just 2,000 km (1,200 mi).[45]
  • The Kinetic Energy Recovery System (known from 2009 to 2013 as KERS, and renamed from 2014 as ERS-K)[46] will be incorporated into the design of the engine and its usage increased; its function as a supplementary power source will be taken by the introduction of the heat-based Energy Recovery System (ERS).[29][47] The ERS unit captures waste heat as it is dispelled from the exhaust turbocharger, using an electrical device known as a Heat Motor Generator Unit. This waste heat is stored as an electrical charge until it is utilised by a complementary system called the Kinetic Motor Generator Unit. This device is connected directly to the drive train to deliver the additional power in the most direct and efficient way.[47][48] In combination with the ERS-K it will give drivers an additional 161 bhp (120 kW) for thirty-three seconds per lap, compared to the ERS-K units used prior to 2014, which gave drivers 80 bhp (60 kW) for six seconds per lap.[45]
  • Teams will be able to use electronic braking devices to managing the braking of the rear wheels as the increased power output of the ERS-K units will make regulating the brake bias much harder than previously.[46]
  • The 2014 regulations require the use of lower noses than in previous years, in the interests of safety. The tip of the nose will have to be no more than 185mm above the ground,[49] in comparison to the 550mm allowed in 2012.[50] These regulations were amended in June 2013 so as to completely outlaw the use of the "stepped noses" used in 2012 and 2013, thereby forcing teams to design a car with a genuinely lower nose rather than using the temporary solution.[51]
    • The original rules—first published in August 2011—also called for a variety of bodywork changes aimed at cutting downforce, most notably through the use of narrower front wings, and a shallower angle to the main plane of rear wings. These additional changes were formally abandoned in December 2012,[52] but the requirement that cars be built with a nose no more than 185mm above the ground was retained.[53]
  • In order to promote fuel efficiency, fuel will be flow restricted to 100 kg/h above 10,500rpm;[47] below 10,500rpm a formula for the maximum flow must be applied based on the rpm in use.[54]
  • The position of the exhaust outlet will change so that it is now angled upwards toward the rear wing instead of downwards to face the rear diffuser so as to make the practice of using exhaust blown diffusers—passing exhaust gasses over the rear diffuser to improve the car's downforce—extremely difficult to achieve.[45]
  • The minimum weight of the cars will increase from 642 kg (1,415 lb) to 690 kg (1,520 lb).[46]
  • The use of false camera mountings will be banned. Teams had previously exploited a loophole in the regulations that allowed them to add additional pieces of bodywork to the car in the place of camera mountings and take advantage of the aerodynamic benefits. From 2014, this loophole will be closed, with the regulations rewritten to only allow camera mountings to be used for cameras.[46]
Sporting regulations
  • In order to facilitate the introduction of the engine regulations, the FIA proposed rewriting the sporting regulations with regard to winter testing. Under the proposal, winter testing will be brought forward to January to allow for an additional test if it is deemed necessary, with testing venues relocated away from southern Spain to the Middle East—with the Losail circuit in Qatar and the Sakhir circuit in Bahrain being put forward as candidate venues—to minimise the chances of rain interrupting testing.[55]
  • The Young Driver Tests, held to allow teams to evaluate potential drivers, will be abandoned in favor of a return of mid-season testing. Four European venues will each host a two-day test in the week following the Grand Prix held at the circuit.[56]
  • On 28 June 2013, the teams agreed upon the introduction of a "penalty points" system for driving offences.[57] Under the system, driving offences would carry a pre-determined points value based on their severity that would be tallied up over the course of a season, with a driver receiving a race ban after accumulating twelve penalty points.[58] Any driver who received a race ban would also receive an additional five penalty points upon their return, as a form of probation to discourage further driving offences.
  • Drivers will only be able to use five engines over the course of a season in 2014, down from eight in 2013. Drivers who use a sixth engine will start the race from pit lane, as opposed to the ten-place grid penalty handed down for going over the engine quota in previous season.[59] In the event that individual elements of the engine unit—including the turbocharger, ERS unit or KERS battery—are replaced, drivers will incur a ten-place grid penalty.[60]
  • Following a series of high-profile incidents involving tyres throughout the 2013 season that culminated in a string of explosive blow-outs at the British Grand Prix, the FIA passed a resolution granting them the power to change the specifications of the tyres used by competitors with immediate effect should the need arise.[46]
  • The pit lane speed limit will be reduced from 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) to 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph).[59]
  • Teams will receive an additional set of tyres for the first practice session at each Grand Prix. The extra set of tyres will only be available for the first thirty minutes of the session, to encourage more running during free practice.[61]

References

  1. ^ a b Strang, Simon (29 June 2011). "FIA rubber-stamps new 1.6-litre V6 engine plans to be introduced in 2014". Autosport. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
  2. ^ a b "F1: Putin in Sochi to sign 2014 F1 race contract". motorsport.com. 18 March 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2011.
  3. ^ "New Jersey Grand Prix to be postponed until 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 19 October 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  4. ^ "Red Bull strikes deal for Austrian GP to return to F1 calendar in 2014". SkySports F1. BSkyB. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
  5. ^ Galloway, James (5 September 2013). "Mexican GP part of record 21-race draft calendar for 2014 F1 season". Sky Sports. BSkyB. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
  6. ^ a b Noble, Jonathan (30 July 2013). "Indian Grand Prix dropped from Formula 1 in 2014, but back for 2015". autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
  7. ^ Noble, Jonathan (24 March 2012). "'Majority' of Formula 1 teams commit to new Concorde deal". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
  8. ^ "Caterham to retain Renault engines in 2014". GPUpdate. 24 May 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
  9. ^ "Charles Pic signs as race driver on multi-year contract". caterhamf1.com. Caterham F1 Team. 23 November 2012. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
  10. ^ "Fernando Alonso signs new Ferrari contract". BBC Sport. BBC. 8 March 2012. Retrieved 19 May 2012.
  11. ^ "Official: Raikkonen seals Ferrari return". GPUpdate. GPUpdate. 11 September 2013. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  12. ^ "Force India to run F1 Mercedes engines from 2014 onwards". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  13. ^ Esler, William (26 June 2013). "Bob Fernley says Force India will not stop Paul Di Resta moving to another team". Sky Sports F1. British Sky Broadcasting Group plc. Retrieved 27 June 2013. "Paul is contracted to us anyway for next season, so the question is whether somebody else comes in, so it won't be our decision," Fernley said.
  14. ^ a b Noble, Joanthan (17 May 2013). "Formula 1's race to secure engine deals hots up". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  15. ^ a b "Marussia gets Ferrari engines for 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 16 July 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
  16. ^ Collantine, Keith (14 March 2013). "McLaren to lose Vodafone title sponsorship". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  17. ^ Noble, Jonathan (16 May 2013). "McLaren believes switch to Honda engines will not compromise 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 17 May 2013. McLaren believes its world championship challenge with Mercedes next year will not be compromised by its planned switch to Honda engines for 2015.
  18. ^ Collantine, Keith (28 September 2012). "Perez takes Hamilton's place at McLaren for 2013". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  19. ^ "Button has no 2014 contract". ESPN.com. ESPN. 22 August 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
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  21. ^ "Mercedes GP Petronas and Nico Rosberg agree to contract extension". Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team. 10 November 2011.
  22. ^ a b c Straw, Edd (26 May 2013). "Toro Rosso seals Renault Formula 1 engine deal for 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 26 May 2013.
  23. ^ a b ""Dan's the man for 2014"". Red Bull Media. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  24. ^ "Horner pleased to end Vettel rumours". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 14 March 2011. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
  25. ^ a b Straw, Edd; Noble, Jonathan (5 September 2013). "Sauber to give Sergey Sirotkin F1 testing in old car". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 6 September 2013. Sergey Sirotkin is set to begin an intensive Formula 1 testing programme next month to prepare him for his grand prix debut in 2014. The 18-year-old, who is currently competing in Formula Renault 3.5, will race for Sauber next year provided he secures his Super Licence and will be given mileage in a 2011 car ahead of the start of pre-season testing.
  26. ^ "Toro Rosso confirms Vergne for 2014 but in no rush to name second driver". grandprix247.com. 3 September 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
  27. ^ a b "The Williams F1 Team and Mercedes-Benz announce long-term engine partnership". WilliamsF1.com. Williams F1 Team. 30 May 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  28. ^ Noble, Jonathan (5 May 2011). "Pollock to return to F1 as engine supplier". autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 9 June 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ a b Scarborough, Craig (8 June 2012). "P.U.R.E: 2014 F1 Engine". ScarbsF1 — Everything Technical in Formula One. WordPress. Retrieved 9 June 2012.
  30. ^ "Marussia consider 2014 Mercedes or Ferrari Formula 1 engine supply option". F1sa.com. 29 March 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2013.
  31. ^ Noble, Jonathan (27 February 2013). "Marussia seeking new engine supplier for 2014 to replace Cosworth". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
  32. ^ Noble, Jonathon (11 September 2013). "Felipe Massa reveals he is lleaving Ferrari at the end of 2013 season". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  33. ^ Straw, Edd; Rencken, Dieter (15 July 2013). "Sauber secures long-term future after deal with Russian companies". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  34. ^ "Formula One: Mark Webber to retire at end of season". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Company. 27 June 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  35. ^ Benammar, Emily (3 September 2013). "Is Daniel Ricciardo the right choice to replace Mark Webber at Red Bull?". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Company. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
  36. ^ "Mexico on 21-race draft 2014 Formula 1 calendar, no New Jersey slot". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. 5 September 2013. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
  37. ^ a b c d "Mexico on 21-race draft 2014 Formula 1 calendar, no New Jersey slotr". Autosport.com. Autosport. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
  38. ^ "Austrian Grand Prix set to return to F1 calendar in 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
  39. ^ Collantine, Keith (7 December 2011). "United States Grand Prix remains on unchanged 2012 F1 calendar". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
  40. ^ Noble, Jonathan (25 August 2013). "Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
  41. ^ Collantine, Keith (25 January 2013). "Russian Grand Prix gets November date for 2014". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collatine. Retrieved 25 January 2013.
  42. ^ Kabanovsky, Aleksande (18 April 2013). "Russian GP circuit work on schedule". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  43. ^ "IOC threatens to postpone Russian Grand Prix". GP Update. 13 January 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
  44. ^ 'Russian GP misses application deadline to host 2014 F1 race', autosport.com (Haymarket Publications), 1 August 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
  45. ^ a b c Allen, James (11 January 2013). "A glimpse into how F1 will change in 2014". James Allen on F1. James Allen. Retrieved 12 January 2013.
  46. ^ a b c d e Scarborough, Craig (9 July 2013). "Formula 1's updated 2014 technical regulations: analysis". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
  47. ^ a b c "F1 2014 Tech Regs 5.1.4" (PDF). FIA. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  48. ^ Dawidziak, Johannes (28 February 2013). "Improvement in efficiency of a race engine by using a heat energy recovery system". Springer Vieweg. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  49. ^ Scarborough, Craig (1 October 2012). "2013\14 Technical Regulation Changes". Scarbs F1 — Everything Technical in F1. WordPress. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
  50. ^ Scarborough, Craig (27 October 2011). "2012: Nose height Regulations". ScarbsF1. WordPress. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
  51. ^ Noble, Jonathan (28 June 2013). "FIA bans stepped nose designs on Formula 1 cars from 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarkey Publications. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
  52. ^ "World Motor Sport Council 2012". FIA.com. Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. 5 December 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
  53. ^ Benson, Andrew (7 December 2012). "How Formula 1 is going green for 2014". BBC F1. BBC. Retrieved 8 December 2012. How much lower will the noses be? In 2012, F1 cars had a maximum front nose height of 550mm above the floor of the car. In 2014, that is being reduced to 185mm – a reduction in height of 365mm.
  54. ^ "F1 2014 Tech Regs 5.1.5" (PDF). FIA. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  55. ^ Noble, Jonathan (26 April 2013). "Formula 1's new cars set for January bow next year". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
  56. ^ Collantine, Keith (28 June 2013). "FIA confirms return of in-season testing in 2014". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  57. ^ Noble, Jonathan (9 May 2013). "Formula 1 licence penalty points system set for green light". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  58. ^ Collantine, Keith (9 May 2013). "Penalty points system for drivers moves a step closer". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  59. ^ a b Collantine (28 June 2013). "Driver penalty points system among new 2014 rules". F1 Fanatic. Keith Collantine. Retrieved 29 June 2013. Drivers may only use five complete power units during a season and will have to start from the pits if they use an extra one. Engine suppliers may provide units to up to four teams.
  60. ^ "In season testing and penalty points approved for 2014". ESPN F1. ESPN. 28 June 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  61. ^ Noble, Jonathan (9 May 2013). "Formula 1 teams to get extra tyres for early-FP1 in 2014". Autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
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