List of deadliest Atlantic hurricanes
Appearance
This is a list of the deadliest known Atlantic hurricanes that caused at least 1,000 direct deaths, the deadliest being the Great Hurricane of 1780, with over 27,500 deaths.
Pre HURDAT era
Name | Dates active | Areas affected | Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nicaragua | 1605 | 1,300 | ||
Straits of Florida | 1622 | 1,090 | ||
Cuba and Florida | 1644 | 1,500 | ||
Caribbean | 1666 | 2,000 | ||
Barbados | 1694 | 1,000+ | ||
Bahamas | 1715 | 1,000 – 2,500 | ||
Martinique | 1767 | 1,600 | ||
Havana | 1768 | 43 – 1,000 | ||
Newfoundland | August 29 – September 9, 1775 | North Carolina, Virginia, Newfoundland | 4,000 – 4,163 | |
Pointe-à-Pitre Bay | 1776 | 6,000+ | ||
San Calixto | October 9–20, 1780 | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Bermuda | 27,501+ | |
Gulf of Mexico | 1780 | 2,000 | ||
Jamaica and Cuba | 1780 | 42 – 1,090 | ||
Florida | 1781 | 2,000+ | ||
Central Atlantic | 1782 | 3,000+ | ||
"Cuba" Hurricane | 1791 | 30 – 3,000 | ||
Martinique | 1813 | 3,000+ | ||
Caribbean | 1824 | 372 – 1,300+ |
HURDAT Era
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All of these tropical cyclones are featured within the Atlantic hurricane database. Data on these cyclones is generally considered accurate.
Name | Dates active | SSHWS Category | Sustained wind speeds |
Pressure | Areas affected | Damage (US$) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
San Marcos | October 5–14, 1870 | Category 3 hurricane | 115 mph (185 km/h) | 959 hPa (28.32 inHg) | Cuba, Florida, Bahamas | $12 million | 800–2,000 | [1] |
Sea Islands | August 15 – September 2, 1893 | Category 3 hurricane | 120 mph (195 km/h) | 954 hPa (28.17 inHg) | Georgia, South Carolina | $1 million | 1,000–2,000 | |
Chenier Caminanda | September 27 – October 5, 1893 | Category 4 hurricane | 135 mph (215 km/h) | 948 hPa (27.99 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, Louisiana, Mississippi | $5 million | 1,800–2,000 | |
San Ciriaco | August 3 – September 4, 1899 | Category 4 hurricane | 150 mph (240 km/h) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Eastern United States | $20 million | 3,433 | |
Galveston | August 27 – September 15, 1900 | Category 4 hurricane | 145 mph (230 km/h) | 936 hPa (27.64 inHg) | The Caribbean, Texas | $20 million | 8,000–12,000 | |
Monterrey | August 20–28, 1909 | Category 3 hurricane | 120 mph (195 km/h) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Greater Antilles, Mexico | $50 million | 4,000 | |
Okeechobee | September 6–20, 1928 | Category 5 hurricane | 160 mph (260 km/h) | 924 hPa (27.29 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Florida | $100 million | 4,075 | |
San Zenon | August 29 – September 17, 1930 | Category 4 hurricane | 155 mph (250 km/h) | 933 hPa (27.55 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Hispaniola | $50 million | 2,000–8,000 | |
Belize | September 6–13, 1931 | Category 4 hurricane | 135 mph (215 km/h) | 952 hPa (28.11 inHg) | Belize | $7.5 million | 1,500–2,500 | |
Cuba | October 30 – November 13, 1932 | Category 5 hurricane | 175 mph (280 km/h) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | Netherlands Antilles, Cuba, Bahamas | $40 million | 2,500–3,107 | |
Central America | June 4–18, 1934 | Category 2 hurricane | 100 mph (160 km/h) | 966 hPa (28.53 inHg) | Central America, Eastern United States | $2.6 million | 2,000–3,000 | |
Jérémie | October 18–27, 1935 | Category 1 hurricane | 85 mph (137 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | Greater Antilles, Central America | $16 million | 2,150 | |
Flora | September 26 – October 12, 1963 | Category 4 hurricane | 145 mph (230 km/h) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | The Caribbean, Florida | $529 million | 7,193 | [2] |
Fifi-Orlene | September 14–24, 1974 | Category 2 hurricane | 110 mph (180 km/h) | 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) | Jamaica, Central America, Mexico | $1.8 billion | 8,000 | [3][4] |
David | August 25 – September 8, 1979 | Category 5 hurricane | 175 mph (280 km/h) | 924 hPa (27.29 inHg) | The Caribbean, United States East coast | $1.54 billion | 2,068 | [5][6] |
Gordon | November 8–21, 1994 | Category 1 hurricane | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Central America, Greater Antilles, Florida | $594 million | 1,152 | |
Mitch | October 22 – November 5, 1998 | Category 5 hurricane | 180 mph (285 km/h) | 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) | Central America, Yucatán Peninsula, South Florida | $6.2 billion | 11,000 | [7][8][9] |
Jeanne | September 13–28, 2004 | Category 3 hurricane | 120 mph (195 km/h) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | The Caribbean, Eastern United States | $7.66 billion | 3,035 | [5][10][11][12] |
Katrina | August 23–30, 2005 | Category 5 hurricane | 175 mph (280 km/h) | 902 hPa (26.64 inHg) | Bahamas, United States Gulf Coast | $108 billion | 1,836 | [13] |
Stan | October 1–5, 2005 | Category 1 hurricane | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Mexico, Central America | $3.96 billion | 1,668 | [5][14] |
Matthew | September 28 – October 9, 2016 | Category 5 hurricane | 160 mph (260 km/h) | 934 hPa (27.58 inHg) | South America, The Caribbean, The Bahamas, Southeastern United States | ≥$5 billion | 1,027 | [15] |
[nb 1][nb 2] |
See also
Notes
References
- ^ Guadalupe, Luis Enrique Ramos. Bezanilla, Alejandro (ed.). "The Hurricane of Matanzas". Bulletin of the Cuban Meteorological Society. 6 (2). Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ Dunn, Gordon E; Staff (March 1, 1964). "The hurricane season of 1963" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. 92 (3): 128. Bibcode:1964MWRv...92..128D. doi:10.1175/1520-0493-92.3.128. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
- ^ "Aid Efforts Start For Honduras, Fifi Deaths Soar". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. September 24, 1974. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
- ^ Rappaport, Edward N; Fernandez-Partagas, Jose; National Hurricane Center (January 1995). The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492 – 1994 (NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-47). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. p. 7; 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 13, 2013. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
{{cite report}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. "EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database". Université catholique de Louvain. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
- ^ Hebert, Paul J (July 1, 1980). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1979" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. 108 (7). American Meteorological Society: 976. Bibcode:1980MWRv..108..973H. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<0973:AHSO>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1520-0493. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
- ^ National Climatic Data Center (2004). "Mitch: The Deadliest Atlantic Hurricane Since 1780". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
- ^ Inter-American Development Bank. "Central America After Hurricane Mitch- Costa Rica". Retrieved January 13, 2013.
- ^ Inter-American Development Bank. "Central America After Hurricane Mitch- El Salvador". Retrieved January 13, 2013.
- ^ Hurricane Committee (August 12, 2005). Twenty-seventh Session (March 31 to April 5, 2005) (Final Report). World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2013.
{{cite report}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ Lawrence, Miles B; Cobb, Hugh D; National Hurricane Center (November 22, 2004). Hurricane Jeanne: September 13 – 28 (Tropical Cyclone Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ^ Blake, Eric S; Landsea, Christopher W; Gibney, Ethan J; National Hurricane Center (August 2011). The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones from 1851 to 2010 (And Other Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts) (NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-6). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ Knabb, Richard D; Rhome, Jamie R; Brown, Daniel P; National Hurricane Center (December 20, 2005). Hurricane Katrina: August 23 – 30, 2005 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ^ Pasch, Richard J; Roberts, David P; National Hurricane Center (February 4, 2006). Hurricane Stan: October 1 - 5, 2005 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
- ^ Delva, Joseph; Craft, Diane. "Hurricane Matthew death toll in Haiti hits 1,000". Reuters. Reuters. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
- ^ "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. April 5, 2023. Retrieved August 31, 2024.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.