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Hurricane Delta

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For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Delta.

Hurricane Delta
Current storm status
Category 2 hurricane (1-min mean)
Satellite image
Forecast map
As of:1:00 p.m. CDT (18:00 UTC) October 9
Location:28°42′N 93°36′W / 28.7°N 93.6°W / 28.7; -93.6 (Hurricane Delta) ± 20 nm
About 80 mi (130 km) SSW of Cameron, Louisiana
Sustained winds:95 kn (110 mph; 175 km/h) (1-min mean)
gusting to 120 kn (140 mph; 220 km/h)
Pressure:963 mbar (28.44 inHg)
Movement:NNE at 12 kn (14 mph; 22 km/h)
See more detailed information.

Hurricane Delta is currently a Category 2 hurricane that is impacting the Gulf Coast of the United States after impacting Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, Western Cuba, and the Yucatán Peninsula. The twenty-sixth tropical cyclone, twenty-fifth named storm, ninth hurricane, and third major hurricane of the very active 2020 Atlantic hurricane season, Delta formed from a tropical wave which was first monitored by the NHC on October 1. Moving westward, the wave began to quickly organize and due to its imminent threat to land, it was designated Potential Tropical Cyclone Twenty-Six late on October 4. The next day, the system sufficiently organized and was designated as Tropical Depression Twenty-Six, and soon thereafter, Tropical Storm Delta. Extremely rapid intensification ensued throughout October 5 into October 6, with Delta becoming a Category 4 hurricane within 28 hours of attaining tropical storm status and its pressure bottomed out at 954 mb before its winds peaked at 145 mph. The rate of intensification was the fastest in the Atlantic basin since Hurricane Wilma in 2005. After peaking in intensity however, an unexpected slight increase in wind shear greatly disrupted the small core of Delta and the storm quickly weakened before making landfall in Puerto Morelos, Mexico, as a high-end Category 2 hurricane. It weakened some more over land before emerging into the Gulf of Mexico, where it was downgraded to a Category 1 hurricane. After that, it began to restrengthen, regaining Category 3 status late on October 8. It then turned northward and reached a secondary peak intensity of 120 mph and its lowest pressure of 953 mb early on October 9. Delta then began to turn more north-northeastward into an area of cooler waters, higher wind shear, and dry air, causing it to weaken back to Category 2 status.

Widespread tropical cyclone watches and warnings were issued throughout the Western Caribbean and the Mexican states of Yucatán and Quintana Roo in preparation for the storm. As Delta moved out of the Gulf of Mexico, more watches were issued for the U.S. Gulf Coast an area that had already seen multiple strong hurricanes, such as Hurricane Laura and Hurricane Sally, earlier in the season. States of emergency were also declared in the U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama and several coastal and low-lying areas were ordered to evacuate. In Mexico, trees and power lines were blown down and roofs were ripped off homes and other buildings. Two people have been killed indirectly by the storm.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

At 00:00 UTC on October 1, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began to monitor a tropical wave moving into the Eastern Caribbean for potential development.[1] It moved steadily westward at 15–20 miles per hour (24–32 km/h) and began to organize late on October 3.[2] Although it lacked sufficient organization to be deemed a tropical cyclone, its imminent threat to land and likely cyclogenesis prompted the NHC to initiate advisories on the disturbance, classifying it as Potential Tropical Cyclone Twenty-Six at 21:00 UTC at October 4.[3] At 03:00 UTC on October 5, the system organized into Tropical Depression Twenty-Six.[4]

Nine hours later, the depression strengthened into a tropical storm, whereupon it was assigned the name Delta.[5] This marked the earliest occurrence of a season's 25th tropical or subtropical storm, surpassing the old mark of November 15, set by Tropical Storm Gamma in 2005.[6][7] Continuing westward in defiance of forecasts that repeatedly predicted that Delta would turn northwestward, Delta began a period of rapid intensification, becoming a Category 1 hurricane 12 hours after being named.[8] Delta finally began to turn northwestward early on October 6.[9] The storm continued to rapidly intensify, reaching Category 2 status just 9 hours later at 09:00 UTC;[10] Delta's intensification was described as the fastest in a 24-hour period since Hurricane Wilma of 2005.[11] By 12:30 UTC, Delta began to develop a small pinhole eye only 6 nautical miles (6.9 miles) in diameter.[12] Rapid intensification continued and at 15:00 UTC, Delta was upgraded to Category 3 major hurricane status, before reaching Category 4 status just twenty minutes later, after an NOAA hurricane Hunter aircraft indicated that the storm's 1-minute sustained wind speed was at 130 mph (210 km/h).[13][14]

Delta as a 145 mph Category 4 hurricane on October 6.

Delta's central pressure bottomed out at 954 mbars (28.17 inHg) upon the storm's upgrade to Category 4 status.[14] The central pressure rose slightly after that, but Delta's winds continued to increase and at 21:00 UTC, it peaked at 145 mph (233 km/h). At the time, Delta's pressure was 956 mb (28.23 inHg), an unusually high pressure for a storm this strong. Additionally, the storm had no eye on visible satellite imagery, although it was seen on microwave images.[15] After holding its intensity for about six hours, an increase in mid-level wind shear significantly disrupted Delta's small core, and the storm abruptly weakened, as its banding features became less defined and its eye completely disappeared. This indicated that Delta's circulation did not extend as far into the upper troposphere as would be expected for a storm of its intensity.[16][17] It accelerated northwestward and at around 05:45 UTC on October 7, the storm made landfall at Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico, as a high-end Category 2 storm with winds of 110 mph (175 km/h).[18] It subsequently weakened some more as it moved over the Yucatán Peninsula and into the Gulf of Mexico before bottoming out as an 85 mph (140 km/h) Category 1 hurricane at 21:00 UTC on October 7.[19][20] Afterwards, Delta finally began to reorganize and it regained Category 2 intensity at 06:00 UTC on October 8.[21] Delta steadily became more organized on the morning of October 8, with an eye occasionally becoming evident on satellite imagery and a lowering minimum central pressure as it turned northward ahead of an approaching trough to its northwest.[22] Delta regained Category 3 intensity at 21:00 UTC, before reaching its secondary peak intensity at 06:00 UTC on October 9, with a minimum pressure of 953 mb (28.14 inHg) and sustained winds of 120 mph (195 km/h).[23][24] As it turned due north, Delta moved into an area of cooler waters, drier air, and increasing wind shear, and started to weaken.[25] It was downgraded to a Category 2 hurricane at 18:00 UTC.[26]

Current storm information

As of 1:00 p.m. CDT (18:00 UTC) October 9, Hurricane Delta is located within 20 nautical miles of 28°42′N 93°36′W / 28.7°N 93.6°W / 28.7; -93.6 (Delta), about 80 mi (130 km) south-southwest of Cameron, Louisiana. Maximum sustained winds are 95 knots (110 mph; 175 km/h) with gusts up to 120 knots (140 mph; 220 km/h). The minimum barometric pressure is 963 mbar (28.44 inHg), and the system is moving north at 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h). Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 40 miles (65 km) from the center and tropical-storm-force winds extend up to 160 miles (260 km) from the center.

For the latest official information, see:

Watches and warnings

Template:HurricaneWarningsTable

Preparations

Cayman Islands

Tropical Storm Delta rapidly intensifying southeast of the Cayman Islands on October 5.

Tropical storm warnings was issued for the islands of Grand Cayman and Cayman Brac when advisories were first initiated on Potential Tropical Cyclone Twenty-Six.[27] In the Cayman Islands, all public schools were closed from October 5 to October 6 as the rainbands were forecast to bring high winds and flooding to the islands. All government offices were on the afternoon of October 5 and remained closed for the entire day on October 6. Cayman Airways reported cancellation of its flights. The Red Cross shelter on Huldah Avenue is on stand-by in the event of flooding. The government set up facilities for shelter with proper protocol for COVID-19 for people with the virus isolating at home. All Government events on October 5-6 were cancelled, including Older Person’s Month activities.[28]

Cuba

When the initial advisory was issued for Potential Tropical Cyclone Twenty-Six, a hurricane watch was issued for the provinces Pinar del Río, Artemisa and the Isle of Youth while a tropical storm watch was issued for La Habana.[27] Three hours after the storm was upgraded to Tropical Storm Delta, the watch for Pinar del Río was upgraded to a hurricane warning while a Tropical Storm Warning was issued for the Isle of Youth.[29] This, however, was downgraded to a tropical storm warning when Hurricane Delta jogged south and put less of the area in harm’s way.[8]

Mexico

Hurricane Delta making landfall in Quintana Roo on October 7

As Delta was nearing landfall in Quintana Roo, many communities were still being impacted by the remnants of Tropical Storm Gamma, which caused six deaths and left thousands of people homeless.[30][31] Just minutes after tropical storm watches and warnings for Tropical Storm Gamma were dropped from the Yucatan Peninsula, a hurricane warning was issued for the northeastern part of the peninsula after Delta jogged south, putting more of the region in the line of potential impact.[32][33] More tropical storm warnings were put up shortly thereafter.[8] President Andrés Manuel López Obrador reported on October 6 that Admiral José Rafael Ojeda Durán, Secretary of the Navy, and Laura Velázquez, National Coordinator of Civil Protection, were traveling to Quintana Roo to help with preparations for Hurricane Delta. The federal government also had been communicating with Governor of Quintana Roo Carlos Joaquín González since October 5.[34] In addition, the president announced on October 6 the activation of the DN-III-E emergency plan and the mobilization of 5,000 soldiers of the Armed Forces to the southeast of the country, to help with the evacuation of sheltering of people still recovering from Tropical Storm Gamma.[31] More than 4,000 people, including tourists and residents, were evacuated from Holbox due to the threat of life-threatening impacts from Hurricane Delta. Seven of the 59 shelters that exist in the municipality of Lázaro Cárdenas with a capacity of 1,800 people have been enabled.[35] A total of 41,000 tourists were evacuated from the state of Quintana Roo, and a red alert was declared for the state. Many hotels and archaeological sites in the Yucatan Peninsula were closed, including the busy historical sites of Chichen Itzá and Tulum.[31] In Cancún, 160 shelters were opened for tourists and residents. In addition, around 400 tourists were sheltering at the Cancún Convention Center, and some 300 guests and 200 staff from the Fiesta Americana Condesa hotel were taking shelter, at the Technological Institute of Cancún campus.[36] One lower division soccer match was postponed on October 8.[37]

United States

Alabama

Tourists and visitors were ordered to leave Alabama's Barrier Islands as of October 6 while a state of emergency was also declared for the state.[38] On October 8, the SEC announced that the kickoff for the upcoming Alabama football game against Ole Miss will be pushed back to 6:30 pm.[39]

Mississippi

Governor of Mississippi Tate Reeves declared a state of emergency on October 7 ahead of the storm. The Mississippi Emergency Management Agency distributed 160,000 sandbags to Hancock, Harrison, and Jackson Counties.[40] On October 8, President Donald Trump approved Governor Reeves’ request for a federal emergency declaration in anticipation of Hurricane Delta.[41] On October 8, the Gulfport Municipal Marina advised vessels to evacuate by 1:00 p.m. CDT (18:00 UTC).[42]

Louisiana

Delta intensifying south of Louisiana on October 8.

The area that Delta is threatening currently was the same area affected by the stronger Category 4 Hurricane Laura a little over one month earlier. Many residents were still "traumatized" due to significant damage from Hurricane Laura still evident in coastal areas. Around 5,600 residents were still located in hotels six weeks after Laura struck because their homes were destroyed by the hurricane.[43] Additionally, 6,000 homes still had tarps on them.[44]

On October 6, Governor of Louisiana, John Bel Edwards, declared a state of emergency ahead of Hurricane Delta.[45] The Houston SPCA evacuated 15 cats from a shelter in Louisiana to their shelter in Houston.[46] A group of firefighters from Tulsa, Oklahoma, traveled to Monroe to set-up a shelter for evacuees and help with swift-water rescues along the coast.[47] Waitr offered free grocery delivery in Lafayette for those unable or choosing not to go out in public to prepare for the storm.[48] On October 7, the Governor John Bel Edwards conferred with President of the United States Donald Trump, who agreed to sign a disaster declaration for the entire state ahead of the storm.[49]

In college football, a matchup between Louisiana-Lafayette and Coastal Carolina was postponed to October 14.[50] The matchup between LSU and Missouri was relocated to Faurot Field in Columbia, Missouri as well.[51]

Elsewhere

The oil drilling companies of BP and BHP began evacuating non-essential personnel from their offshore platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. BHP also plans to shut production at its facilities by October 7.[52]

Impact

Mexico

The storm brought power outages and downed trees in Cancún and Cozumel.[53] A peak wind gust of 110 mph (175 km/h) was reported in Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, where the hurricane made landfall. Another wind gust of 106 mph (171 km/h) was reported in nearby Cancún.[54] Civil defense official Luís Alberto Vázquez said there were no immediate reports of deaths or injuries, but reported that Delta downed about 95 trees and caused blackouts in parts of the Yucatán Peninsula. Many hotels and resorts lost electricity and air conditioning.[55] Street flooding was reported in Cozumel.[56] Many piers were destroyed due to storm surge, and several buildings near the coast were also destroyed.[54] Before the arrival of the hurricane, a 65-year-old man in Tizimin, Yucatán, lost his life after falling from the second floor of his house while preparing for the storm.[57] Following the storm a woman lost her life in Merida after touching a downed pole and thus being electrocuted.[58]

United States

25,000 customers in Texas and Louisiana lost power before Delta even made landfall.[44]

Texas

Tropical-storm force winds from Delta were first reported in Texas where a Texas Coastal Ocean Observation Network station at the Galveston Bay North Jetty reported sustained winds of 42 mph (68 km/h) and a wind gust of 49 mph (78 km/h) at around 16:00 UTC on October 9.[59] In the following hours, a wind gust to 51 mph (81 km/h) was reported at the Jack Brooks Regional Airport near Port Arthur and another Texas Coastal Ocean Observation Network station at Texas Point reported sustained winds of 53 mph (85 km/h) and a wind gust of 64 mph (103 km/h).[60]

Louisiana

Street flooding was reported in Baton Rouge on October 8.[61] The Baton Rouge Metropolitan Airport reported 8 inches (200 mm) of rain, which prompted a flash flood warning issued by the National Weather Service. At least 25 motorists were stuck in high water in Baton Rouge.[44] The next day, Lake Charles Regional Airport reported a wind gust of 60 mph (96 km/h) as the storm approached at around 18:00 UTC.[26] In the following hours, A NOAA National Ocean Service water level gauge at Freshwater Canal Locks reported storm surge inundation of over 4 feet (1.2 m) and a WeatherFlow observing site near Cameron reported a wind gust to 44 mph (71 km/h).[60]

Elsewhere

The precursor to Delta brought squally weather in the Lesser Antilles, ABC Islands, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Hispaniola.[62][63]

Records

There has been an upward trend in rapid intensification events in the Atlantic basin, consistent with expectations from climate change.[64][65] Delta, the strongest Atlantic hurricane to receive a Greek name,[66] rapidly intensified from a 35 mph (55 km/h) tropical depression to a 130 mph (215 km/h) Category 4 hurricane in twenty-four hours, the fastest such occurrence on record and the most rapid intensification observed in the Atlantic basin since that of Hurricane Wilma in 2005.[67][68] Additionally, Delta was the strongest Atlantic hurricane to form in the western Caribbean between Jamaica[69] and the Yucatán Peninsula since Hurricane Paloma in 2008.[70] Delta is the earliest 25th named storm on record, surpassing Tropical Storm Gamma of 2005 by 41 days.[71]

See also

  • Tropical cyclones in 2020
  • List of Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
  • Hurricane Audrey (1957) – Deadly Category 3 hurricane that made landfall near the Texas–Louisiana state line.
  • Hurricane Gilbert (1988) – Category 5 hurricane that struck the Yucatán Peninsula.
  • Hurricane Emily (2005) – Category 5 hurricane that struck the Yucatán Peninsula as a Category 4 storm.
  • Hurricane Wilma (2005) – Category 5 hurricane that also explosively intensified, becoming the strongest Atlantic hurricane ever recorded before striking the Yucatán Peninsula as a Category 4 storm.
  • Hurricane Gustav (2008) – Category 4 hurricane that devastated the Western Caribbean before impacting Louisiana as a Category 2 storm.
  • Hurricane Rina (2011) – Category 3 hurricane that also significantly weakened before landfall in the Yucatán Peninsula.

References

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  65. ^ Berardelli, Jeff (6 October 2020). "Hurricane Delta rapidly intensifies, likely to hit U.S. Gulf Coast late this week". CBS news. Retrieved 6 October 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  66. ^ Capital Weather Gang [@capitalweather] (6 October 2020). "BREAKING: Explosive intensification. 20 mins after becoming Cat 3, Delta catapults to Cat 4, w/ 130 mph winds. 90 mph increase in wind in under 28 hours. Strongest Greek-named storm on record" (Tweet). Retrieved 6 October 2020 – via Twitter.
  67. ^ Bowen, Steve [@SteveBowenWx] (6 October 2020). "The sun rises on Delta and reveals a storm with ample opportunity to keep growing. If an eye appears, the explosive rapid intensification (RI) trend will persist as it nears the Yucatan Peninsula. Already the strongest 24-hour RI for an October Atlantic storm since Wilma (2005)" (Tweet). Retrieved 6 October 2020 – via Twitter.
  68. ^ Lillo, Sam [@splillo] (6 October 2020). "Here's the graphical confirmation. This is a plot of the intensity trajectories of all tropical depressions in the Atlantic since 1851. Delta isn't even close!! For more data visualization, see" (Tweet). Retrieved 6 October 2020 – via Twitter.
  69. ^ "Hurricane Delta hit JAMAICA - Oct. 6, 2020".
  70. ^ Berg, Tomer [@burgwx] (6 October 2020). "This part of the western Caribbean is climatologically prone to rapid/explosive intensification, but has seen a lack of storms in recent years. The last category 4+ hurricane between Jamaica & Yucatan Peninsula was Paloma in 2008. Before that, Dean 2007" (Tweet). Retrieved 6 October 2020 – via Twitter.
  71. ^ Morgan, Leigh (5 October 2020). "Tropical Storm Delta forms and is headed for the Gulf Coast later this week - as a hurricane". al.com. The Birmingham News. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
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