Dan Quayle

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Dan Quayle
44th Vice President of the United States
In office
January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993
PresidentGeorge H. W. Bush
Preceded byGeorge H. W. Bush
Succeeded byAl Gore
United States Senator
from Indiana
In office
January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1989
Preceded byBirch Bayh
Succeeded byDan Coats
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Indiana's 4th district
In office
January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1981
Preceded byEdward Roush
Succeeded byDan Coats
Personal details
Born
James Danforth Quayle

(1947-02-04) February 4, 1947 (age 77)
Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
​
(m. 1972)​
Children3, including Ben
RelativesJames C. Quayle (Father)
EducationDePauw University (BA)
Indiana University, Indianapolis (JD)
SignatureCursive signature in ink
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service United States Army
Years of service1969–1975
Rank Sergeant
UnitIndiana Army National Guard

James Danforth Quayle (born February 4, 1947) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 44th vice president of the United States from 1989 to 1993. Quayle was also a U.S. representative from 1977 to 1981 and was a U.S. senator from 1981 to 1989 for the state of Indiana.

A native of Indianapolis, Indiana, Quayle spent most of his childhood living in Paradise Valley, a suburb of Phoenix, Arizona. He married Marilyn Tucker in 1972 and obtained his J.D. degree from the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1974. Quayle practiced law in Huntington, Indiana with his wife before his election to the United States House of Representatives in 1976. In 1980, Quayle won election to the U.S. Senate.

In 1988, Vice President and Republican presidential nominee George H. W. Bush chose Quayle as his running mate. The Bush/Quayle ticket won the 1988 election over the Democratic ticket of Michael Dukakis and Lloyd Bentsen, and Quayle became Vice President in January 1989. As Vice President, Quayle made official visits to 47 countries and was appointed chairman of the National Space Council. He secured re-nomination for Vice President in 1992, but Democrat Bill Clinton and his vice presidential running mate, Al Gore, defeated the Bush/Quayle ticket.

In 1994, Quayle published his memoir entitled Standing Firm. He declined to run for President in 1996 because he was suffering from phlebitis. Quayle sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2000, but later withdrew from the campaign and supported the eventual winner, George W. Bush.

Quayle joined Cerberus Capital Management, a private equity firm, in 1999. He currently serves as Chairman of Global Investments at Cerberus.

Early life, education and career

Quayle was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, to Martha Corinne (née Pulliam) and James Cline Quayle.[1] He has sometimes[2] been incorrectly referred to as James Danforth Quayle III. In his memoirs, he points out that his birth name was simply James Danforth Quayle. The name Quayle originates from the Isle of Man, where his great-grandfather was born.[3]

His maternal grandfather, Eugene C. Pulliam, was a wealthy and influential publishing magnate who founded Central Newspapers, Inc., owner of over a dozen major newspapers such as The Arizona Republic and The Indianapolis Star. James C. Quayle moved his family to Arizona in 1955 to run a branch of the family's publishing empire.

After spending much of his youth in Arizona,[4] Quayle returned to his native Indiana and graduated from Huntington North High School in Huntington, in 1965. He then matriculated at DePauw University, where he received his B.A. degree in political science in 1969,[5] was a 3-year letterman for the University Golf Team (1967–69) and a member of the fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon (Psi Phi chapter). After receiving his degree, Quayle joined the Indiana Army National Guard and served from 1969 to 1975, reaching the rank of sergeant. While serving in the Guard, he earned a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree in 1974 at the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law. He met his future wife, Marilyn, who was taking night classes at the same law school at the time.[6]

Quayle in 1977, his first term in Congress

Quayle became an investigator for the Consumer Protection Division of the Office of the Indiana Attorney General in July 1971. Later that year, he became an administrative assistant to Governor Edgar Whitcomb. From 1973 to 1974, he was the Director of the Inheritance Tax Division of the Indiana Department of Revenue. Upon graduating from law school, Quayle worked as associate publisher of his family's newspaper, the Huntington Herald-Press.

Quayle and his family with President Ronald Reagan in 1981

In 1976, Quayle was elected to the House of Representatives from Indiana's 4th congressional district, defeating eight-term incumbent Democrat J. Edward Roush by a 55%-to-45% margin. He won re-election in 1978 by the greatest percentage margin achieved to date in that northeast Indiana district.

U.S. Senate

In 1980, at age 33, Quayle became the youngest person ever elected to the Senate from the state of Indiana, defeating three-term incumbent Democrat Birch Bayh by taking 54% of the votes to Bayh's 46%. Making Indiana political history again, Quayle was re-elected to the Senate in 1986 with the largest margin ever achieved to that date by a candidate in a statewide Indiana race, taking 61% of the vote and defeating his Democratic opponent, Jill Long.

In November 1978, Quayle was invited by Congressman Leo Ryan of California to accompany him on a delegation to investigate unsafe conditions at the Jonestown settlement in Guyana, but Quayle was unable to participate. The decision likely saved Quayle's life, because Ryan and his entourage were subsequently murdered at the airstrip in Jonestown as the party tried to escape the massacre.[7]

In 1986, Quayle was criticized for championing the cause of Daniel Anthony Manion, a candidate for a federal appellate judgeship, who was in law school one year above Quayle. The American Bar Association had evaluated Manion as "qualified/unqualified", its lower passing grade.[8] Manion was nominated for the Seventh Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals by President Ronald Reagan on February 21, 1986, and confirmed by the Senate on June 26, 1986.[9]

Vice President of the United States

1988 vice presidential campaign

On August 16, 1988, at the Republican convention in New Orleans, Louisiana, George H. W. Bush chose Quayle to be his running mate in the 1988 United States presidential election. The choice immediately became controversial.[10] Outgoing President Ronald Reagan praised Quayle for his "energy and enthusiasm".[11] Press coverage of the convention was dominated with questions about "the three Quayle problems", in the phrase of a conservative group that monitors television coverage.[12] The questions involved his military service, a golf trip to Florida with Paula Parkinson, and whether he had enough experience to be vice president. Quayle seemed at times rattled and at other times uncertain or evasive as he tried to handle the questions.[12] Delegates to the convention generally blamed television and newspapers for the focus on Quayle's problems, but Bush's staff said they thought Quayle had mishandled the questions about his military record, leaving questions dangling.[10][12][13] Although Bush was trailing by up to 15 points in public opinion polls taken before the convention, in August, the Bush/Quayle ticket took the lead,[14] which they did not relinquish for the rest of the campaign.

In the October 1988 vice presidential debate, Quayle debated Democratic candidate Lloyd Bentsen. When the subject of the debate turned to Quayle's relatively limited experience in public life, he compared the length of his congressional service (12 years) with that of late President John F. Kennedy (14 years), as Kennedy had less experience than his rivals during the 1960 presidential nomination. It was a factual comparison, although Quayle's advisers cautioned beforehand that it could be used against him. Bentsen's response—"Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy"—subsequently became a part of the political lexicon. During the debate, Quayle's strategy was to criticize Dukakis as too liberal.[15]

George H. W. Bush, Dan Quayle, and Marilyn Quayle participate in a Hanukkah Celebration
Quayle aboard the aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67) during Operation Desert Shield

The Bush/Quayle ticket won the November election with a 53–46 percent margin by sweeping 40 states and capturing 426 electoral votes. Quayle did not cast any tie-breaking votes in his role as President of the Senate, becoming only the second vice-president (after Charles W. Fairbanks) not to do so while serving a complete term.

Tenure

During his vice presidency, Quayle made official trips to 47 countries.[4] Bush named Quayle head of the Council on Competitiveness and the first chairman of the National Space Council. As head of the NSC he called for greater efforts to protect Earth against the danger of potential asteroid impacts.[16]

Quayle and Prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia at a meeting to discuss US military intervention during Operation Desert Shield

After a briefing by Lt. General Daniel O. Graham, (USA Ret.), Max Hunter, and Jerry Pournelle, Quayle sponsored the development of an experimental Single Stage to Orbit X-Program, which resulted in the building of the DC/X which was flown and tested at White Sands.

Quayle speaking at Race for the Cure in Washington, D.C., 1990
Quayle with President George H. W. Bush in 1989

Quayle has since described the vice presidency as "an awkward office. You're president of the Senate. You're not even officially part of the executive branch – you're part of the legislative branch. You're paid by the Senate, not by the executive branch. And it's the president's agenda. It's not your agenda. You're going to disagree from time to time, but you salute and carry out the orders the best you can".[17]

Murphy Brown

On May 19, 1992, Quayle gave a speech entitled Reflections on Urban America to the Commonwealth Club of California on the subject of the Los Angeles riots.[18] In this speech, Quayle blamed the violence on a decay of moral values and family structure in American society.[18] In an aside, he cited the single mother title character in the television program Murphy Brown as an example of how popular culture contributes to this "poverty of values", saying, "It doesn't help matters when prime-time TV has Murphy Brown—a character who supposedly epitomizes today's intelligent, highly paid, professional woman—mocking the importance of fathers, by bearing a child alone, and calling it just another 'lifestyle choice'."[19]

The "Murphy Brown speech" became one of the most memorable incidents of the 1992 campaign. Long after the outcry had ended, the comment continued to have an effect on U.S. politics. Stephanie Coontz, a professor of family history and the author of several books and essays about the history of marriage, says that this brief remark by Quayle about Murphy Brown "kicked off more than a decade of outcries against the 'collapse of the family'".[20] In 2002, Candice Bergen, the actress who played Brown, said "I never have really said much about the whole episode, which was endless, but his speech was a perfectly intelligent speech about fathers not being dispensable and nobody agreed with that more than I did." Others interpreted it differently; singer Tanya Tucker was widely quoted as saying "Who the hell is Dan Quayle to come after single mothers?"[21]

Gaffes

Throughout his time as vice president, Quayle was widely ridiculed in the media and by many in the general public, both in the U.S. and overseas, as an intellectual lightweight and an incompetent individual.[22] Contributing greatly to the perception of Quayle's incompetence was his tendency to make public statements that were either impossible ("I have made good judgments in the past. I have made good judgments in the future"[23]), self-contradictory ("'I believe we are on an irreversible trend toward more freedom and democracy, but that could change'"[24]), self-contradictory and confused ("The Holocaust was an obscene period in our nation's history. ... No, not our nation's, but in World War II. I mean, we all lived in this century. I didn't live in this century, but in this century's history"[25]), or just confused (such as the comments he made in a May 1989 address to the United Negro College Fund. Commenting on the United Negro College Fund's slogan—which is "a mind is a terrible thing to waste"—Quayle said, "You take the UNCF model that what a waste it is to lose one's mind or not to have a mind is being very wasteful. How true that is"[26][27]).

Shortly after Bush announced the Space Exploration Initiative, which included a manned landing on Mars, Quayle was asked his thoughts on sending humans to Mars. In his response, he made a series of scientifically incorrect statements: "Mars is essentially in the same orbit [as Earth]....Mars is somewhat the same distance from the Sun, which is very important. We have seen pictures where there are canals, we believe, and water. If there is water, that means there is oxygen. If oxygen, that means we can breathe."[28]

On June 15, 1992, Quayle altered 12-year-old student William Figueroa's correct spelling of "potato" to "potatoe" at the Muñoz Rivera Elementary School spelling bee in Trenton, New Jersey.[29][30] Quayle was the subject of widespread ridicule for his error. According to The New York Times[31] and Quayle's memoirs, he was relying on cards provided by the school, which Quayle says included the misspelling. Quayle said he was uncomfortable with the version he gave, but did so because he decided to trust the school's incorrect written materials instead of his own judgment.

1992 vice presidential campaign

In the 1992 election, Bush and Quayle were challenged in their bid for re-election by the Democratic ticket of Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton and Tennessee Senator Al Gore, as well as the independent ticket of Texas businessman Ross Perot and retired Vice Admiral James Stockdale.

As Bush lagged in the polls in the weeks preceding the August 1992 Republican National Convention, some Republican strategists (led by Secretary of State James Baker) viewed Quayle as a liability to the ticket and pushed for his replacement.[32] Quayle ultimately survived the challenge and secured renomination.[33]

During the 1992 presidential campaign, Quayle told the news media that he believed homosexuality was a choice, and "the wrong choice."[34]

Quayle faced off against Gore and Stockdale in the vice presidential debate on October 13, 1992.[35] Quayle attempted to avoid the one-sided outcome of his debate with Lloyd Bentsen four years earlier by staying on the offensive.[36] Quayle criticized Gore's book Earth in the Balance with specific page references, though his claims were subsequently criticized by the liberal group FAIR for inaccuracy.[37] In Quayle's closing argument, he sharply asked voters, "Do you really believe Bill Clinton will tell the truth?" and "Do you trust Bill Clinton to be your president?" On the other hand, whereas Gore and Stockdale talked more about the policies and philosophies they espoused.[38] Republican loyalists were largely relieved and pleased with Quayle's performance, and the Vice President's camp attempted to portray it as an upset triumph against a veteran debater. However, post-debate polls were mixed on whether Gore or Quayle had won.[39] It ultimately proved to be a minor factor in the election, which Bush and Quayle subsequently lost.

Post-vice presidential career

Logo from Quayle's 2000 presidential campaign
Quayle with Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld in 2001
Dan Quayle speaking at a "Politics on the Rocks" event in Scottsdale, Arizona
Dan Quayle and Marilyn Quayle at the 2017 Presidential Inauguration

Quayle authored a 1994 memoir, Standing Firm, which became a bestseller. His second book, The American Family: Discovering the Values that Make Us Strong, was published in 1996 and a third book, Worth Fighting For, was published in 1999.

Quayle considered but decided against running for Governor of Indiana in 1996. He decided against running for the 1996 Republican presidential nomination, citing health problems related to phlebitis.[40] Quayle moved to Arizona in 1996.[41]

Quayle announced, during an appearance on Larry King Live, his intention to run for president in 2000.[42] In April 1999, Quayle officially announced his candidacy for the 2000 Republican presidential nomination, attacking front-runner George W. Bush by saying "we do not want another candidate who needs on-the-job training". In the first contest among the Republican candidates, the Ames Straw Poll of August 1999, he finished 8th. He withdrew from the race the following month and supported Bush.[40] Quayle, then working as an investment banker in Phoenix, was mentioned as a candidate for Governor of Arizona prior to the 2002 election,[43] but eventually declined to run.

In a February 2010 interview with Megyn Kelly of Fox News, Quayle announced that his son Ben would be a candidate for the U.S. Congress, running for a seat representing Arizona's 3rd congressional district.[44] Ben later won the election. In his first bid for re-election, due to redistricting, he faced off against fellow Republican Congressman David Schweikert in a primary and narrowly lost.

On January 31, 2011, Quayle wrote a letter to President Barack Obama urging Obama to commute Jonathan Pollard's sentence.[45]

In December 2011, Quayle endorsed Mitt Romney for the Republican presidential nomination.[46]

For the United States presidential election in 2016 Quayle endorsed fellow Republican Jeb Bush.[47] After Bush failed to win the nomination, Quayle ultimately endorsed Donald Trump; he was later seen visiting with Trump at Trump Tower in Manhattan prior to Trump's inauguration.[48]

The Dan Quayle Center and Museum, located in Huntington, Indiana, features information on Quayle and on all U.S. Vice Presidents.

Quayle is an Honorary Trustee Emeritus of the Hudson Institute and is president of Quayle and Associates. He has also been a member of the Board of Directors of Heckmann Corporation, a water-sector company, since the company's inception and serves as Chairman of the company's Compensation and Nominating & Governance Committees. Quayle is a director of Aozora Bank, based in Tokyo, Japan.[49] He has also been on the board of directors of other companies, including K2 Sports, AmTran Inc., Central Newspapers Inc.,[50] BTC Inc.[51] and Carvana Co.[52]

Cerberus Capital Management

In 1999, Dan Quayle joined Cerberus Capital Management, a multibillion-dollar private-equity firm, where he serves as chairman of the company's Global Investments division.[53] As chairman of the international advisory board of Cerberus Capital Management, he recruited former Canadian prime minister Brian Mulroney, who would have been installed as chairman if Cerberus had successfully acquired Air Canada.[54] In early 2014 he traveled to Belfast, Northern Ireland, in an attempt to speed approval for a deal where Cerberus acquired nearly £1.3 billion in Northern Ireland loans from the Republic of Ireland's National Asset Management Agency. That deal is being investigated by the Irish government, and Quayle's involvement is being investigated by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York as potentially a "very serious" misuse of the vice president's office.[55] As of December 2018, Quayle serves as Chairman of Global Investments at Cerberus.[56]

Personal life

External videos
video icon Booknotes interview with Quayle on Standing Firm, July 24, 1994, C-SPAN

Quayle lives with his wife, Marilyn Quayle, in Paradise Valley, Arizona.[57] They married in November 1972[58] and have three children: Tucker, Benjamin, and Corinne.[59]

Electoral history

Main article: Electoral history of Dan Quayle

Published material

  • Standing Firm: A Vice-Presidential Memoir, HarperCollins, May 1994. hardcover, ISBN 0-06-017758-6; mass market paperback, May 1995; ISBN 0-06-109390-4; Limited edition, 1994, ISBN 0-06-017601-6
  • The American Family: Discovering the Values That Make Us Strong (with Diane Medved), Harpercollins, April 1996, ISBN 0-06-017378-5 (hardcover), ISBN 0-06-092810-7 (paperback)
  • Worth Fighting For, W Publishing Group, July 1999, ISBN 0-8499-1606-2

Footnotes

  1. ^ "Dan Quayle born, Feb. 4, 1947". Politico.
  2. ^ Meyer, Richard E. (August 21, 1998). "Campaign Becomes Confrontation With Past : Privilege, Wealth Shaped Quayle". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  3. ^ "Ancestry of Dan Quayle (b. 1947)". Wargs.com. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  4. ^ a b Dan Quayle: Biography Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  5. ^ Lawrence, Jill (August 4, 1999). "Quayle on a quest to get the last laugh". USA Today. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
  6. ^ Alessandra Stanley, "Marilyn Quayle: A New Second Lady", Time Magazine, January 23, 1989. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  7. ^ Quayle, Dan (1995). Standing Firm: A Vice-Presidential Memoir. Harpercollins. p. 176. ISBN 0-06-109390-4.
  8. ^ "REAGAN JUDGES GET LOWER BAR RATING". New York Times. May 25, 1986. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  9. ^ "Senate reaffirms Daniel Manion as judge, 50–49". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. July 24, 1986. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
  10. ^ a b Shapiro, Walter (August 29, 1988). "The Republicans: The Quayle Quagmire". Time. p. 32. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
  11. ^ Roberts, Steven (August 21, 1988). "Reagan Praises Quayle, Citing 'Enthusiasm'". The New York Times. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  12. ^ a b c Oreskes, Michael (August 19, 1988). "The Republicans in New Orleans; Convention Message Is Garbled by Quayle Static". The New York Times. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
  13. ^ Ander Plattner et al., "Quayle Under Glass", U.S. News & World Report, August 29, 1988, p. 32.
  14. ^ 1988 Presidential Trial Heats Gallup.
  15. ^ Dan Quayle Interview PBS. 2 December 1999. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  16. ^ "Quayle Backs Group's Effort To Head Off Asteroid Threat", Seattle Times, May 16, 1990.
  17. ^ Dan Quayle on Running for Vice President: "It’s Not the Easiest Job" Indianapolis Monthly. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  18. ^ a b "That Time 'Murphy Brown' and Dan Quayle Topped the Front Page". The New York Times.
  19. ^ "Dan Quayle vs. Murphy Brown". Time. June 1, 1992. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
  20. ^ Coontz, Stephanie (May 1, 2005). "For Better, For Worse". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
  21. ^ "Candice Bergen agrees with Quayle". CNN. Associated Press. July 11, 2002. Archived from the original on March 28, 2008.
  22. ^ Lionel Van Deerlin (July 21, 2004). "The value and vitality of V.P.s". San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved April 12, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ "Quayle Hunting turned up some real turkeys". Watertown Daily Times. March 18, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  24. ^ Howard Rich (September 25, 2012). "The Stunning, Sudden Reversal of Economic Freedom In America". Forbes.com. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  25. ^ Dan Kenny (May 30, 2014). "10 things politicians definitely wish they had not said ..." Irish Examiner. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  26. ^ Maureen Dowd (June 25, 1989). "The Education of Dan Quayle". The New York Times. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  27. ^ William Boot (Christopher Hanson) (September–October 1991). "Dan Quayle: The Sequel". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on January 22, 2004.
  28. ^ William E. Burrows, This New Ocean, p. 576. ISBN 0-679-44521-8.
  29. ^ Mickle, Paul. "1992: Gaffe with an 'e' at the end". Capitalcentury.com. Retrieved July 1, 2006.
  30. ^ Fass, Mark (August 29, 2004). "How Do You Spell Regret? One Man's Take on It". The New York Times. Retrieved March 20, 2009.
  31. ^ "Mr. Quayle's 'e' for Effort". The New York Times. June 17, 1992.
  32. ^ Bumiller, Elisabeth (July 15, 2004). "Rumor has it that Cheney's on way out / Theory appears far-fetched but is making the rounds". The San Francisco Chronicle.
  33. ^ Time, "Quayle Vs. Gore", October 19, 1992. Retrieved August 29, 2008.
  34. ^ Witt, Karen De (September 14, 1992). "THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Vice President; Quayle Contends Homosexuality Is a Matter of Choice, Not Biology". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  35. ^ Rosenbaum, David E. "THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: James Stockdale; Reluctant Politician Tempers Professional Edge". The New York Times.
  36. ^ Toner, Robin. "THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Debate; Quayle and Gore Exchange Sharp Attacks in Debate". The New York Times.
  37. ^ "FAIR MEDIA ADVISORY: Post-Debate Fact-Checking Is Media's Main Job". Fair.org. September 29, 2004.
  38. ^ "Debate Transcript, Commission on Presidential Debates". Archived from the original on October 9, 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  39. ^ Columbia Journalism Review, September/October 1993 ""Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 2, 2006. Retrieved January 8, 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  40. ^ a b "David Broder on PBS Newshour. September 27, 1999". Pbs.org. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  41. ^ "Outlook: Dan Quayle on the tea party, Palin and Ross Perot". The Washington Post. April 5, 2010. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
  42. ^ "Quayle Plans a Bid in 2000 For President". www.nytimes.com. New York Times. Reuters. 1999. Retrieved September 16, 2018.
  43. ^ B. Drummond Ayres Jr. (February 11, 2001). "Political Briefing; From Arizona, Talk Of a Bid by Quayle". The New York Times. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
  44. ^ "Ben Quayle, son of ex-veep, running for Shadegg's seat". Azcentral.com. February 16, 2010. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
  45. ^ "Dan Quayle Urges Pollard Release", Jweekly, February 10, 2011
  46. ^ "Quayle to Endorse Romney". Thepage.time.com. December 5, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
  47. ^ "Jeb Bush's Arizona supporters include Dan Quayle, Fife Symington". The Arizona Republic. October 28, 2015.
  48. ^ "Dan Quayle Visits Trump Tower to Offer 'Personal Congratulations'". ABC News. November 29, 2016.
  49. ^ "Board of Directors website". Heckmann corporation. Archived from the original on March 16, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  50. ^ "RightWeb.com profile for J. Danforth Quayle". Retrieved March 10, 2011.
  51. ^ "CampaignMoney.com donation page for Quayle for Congress, 2010 election cycle". Retrieved March 10, 2011.
  52. ^ "S-1/A". www.sec.gov. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
  53. ^ "J. Danforth Quayle - Cerberus Capital Management".
  54. ^ Konrad, Yakabuski (April 30, 2004). "The prime of Brian Mulroney". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
  55. ^ Murtagh, Peter (September 17, 2016). "Project Eagle: Inside the £1.24bn Nama deal in the North". The Irish Times. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  56. ^ https://heavy.com/news/2018/12/dan-quayle-wife-kids-age-now/
  57. ^ https://heavy.com/news/2018/12/dan-quayle-wife-kids-age-now/
  58. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1992/01/10/guardian-of-the-quayle-image/01483c29-5f4e-4069-bbb3-fd5682da079a
  59. ^ Donnie Radcliffe (October 31, 1989). "AT THE QUAYLES', TIGHT SECURITY FOR TRICK-OR-TREATERS". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 29, 2019.

Further reading

  • What a Waste It Is to Lose One's Mind: The Unauthorized Autobiography of Dan Quayle, Quayle Quarterly (published by Rose Communications), April 1992, ISBN 0-9629162-2-6.
  • Joe Queenan, Imperial Caddy: The Rise of Dan Quayle in America and the Decline and Fall of Practically Everything Else, Hyperion Books; October 1992 (1st edition). ISBN 1-56282-939-4.
  • Richard F. Fenno Jr., The Making of a Senator: Dan Quayle, Congressional Quarterly Press, January 1989. ISBN 0-87187-506-3.

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Dan Quayle.
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Dan Quayle
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Indiana's 4th congressional district
1977–1981 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Indiana
(Class 3)
1980, 1986 		Succeeded by
Dan Coats
Preceded by Republican nominee for Vice President of the United States
1988, 1992 		Succeeded by
U.S. Senate
Preceded by United States Senator (Class 3) from Indiana
1981–1989
Served alongside: Richard Lugar 		Succeeded by
Dan Coats
Political offices
Preceded by
George H. W. Bush
 Vice President of the United States
1989–1993 		Succeeded by
Al Gore
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byas Former Vice President Order of Precedence of the United States
Former Vice President 		Succeeded byas Former Vice President
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dan_Quayle&oldid=883870579"