View source for Demographics of Canada

{{Canada provinces map|align=right|width=240px |prefix =Demographics of|caption=Demographics of Canada's provinces}}
{{short description|Overview of the demographics of Canada}}
[[Statistics Canada]] conducts a country-wide census that collects demographic data every five years on the first and sixth year of each decade. The [[2016 Canadian Census]] enumerated a [[Population of Canada by year|total population]] of 35,151,728, an increase of around 5.0 percent over the 2011 figure.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/toronto-montreal-vancouver-now-home-to-one-third-of-canadians-census-1.3275666 |title=Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver now home to one-third of Canadians: census |last=Press |first=Jordan |date=February 8, 2017 |website=CTV News |access-date=February 8, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208145820/http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/toronto-montreal-vancouver-now-home-to-one-third-of-canadians-census-1.3275666 |archive-date=February 8, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=101&S=50&O=A |title=2016 Census: Population and dwelling counts |date=February 8, 2017 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=February 8, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211082635/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=101&S=50&O=A |archive-date=February 11, 2017}}</ref> Between 2011 and May 2016, Canada's population grew by 1.7&nbsp;million people, with immigrants accounting for two-thirds of the increase.<ref>{{cite news |last=Campion-Smith |first=Bruce |date=February 8, 2017 |title=Canada's population grew 1.7M in 5 years, latest census shows |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2017/02/08/canadas-population-grew-17m-in-5-years.html |newspaper=Toronto Star |location=Toronto |access-date=February 8, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208142923/https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2017/02/08/canadas-population-grew-17m-in-5-years.html |archive-date=February 8, 2017}}</ref> Between 1990 and 2008, the population increased by 5.6&nbsp;million, equivalent to 20.4 percent overall growth.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications/statistics/trends10/chapter3.cfm |title=Energy Efficiency Trends in Canada, 1990 to 2008 |publisher=Natural Resources Canada |year=2011 |access-date=December 13, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222162432/http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/publications/statistics/trends10/chapter3.cfm |archive-date=December 22, 2015}}</ref> The main drivers of population growth are [[Immigration to Canada|immigration]] and, to a lesser extent, natural growth.<ref>{{cite book |first1=Barry |last1=Edmonston |first2=Eric |last2=Fong |title=The Changing Canadian Population |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VVYOgvFPvBEC&pg=PA181 |year=2011 |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press |isbn=978-0-7735-3793-4 |page=181 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412152653/https://books.google.com/books?id=VVYOgvFPvBEC&pg=PA181 |archive-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref>

Canada has one of the highest [[List of countries by net migration rate|per-capita immigration rates]] in the world,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kv4nlSWLT8UC&pg=PA51 |page=51 |title=Canada |first=Karla |last=Zimmerman |publisher=[[Lonely Planet]] |year=2008 |edition=10th |isbn=978-1-74104-571-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412135044/https://books.google.com/books?id=kv4nlSWLT8UC&pg=PA51 |archive-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref> driven mainly by [[Economic impact of immigration to Canada|economic policy]] and, to a lesser extent, [[Immigration to Canada#Immigration categories|family reunification]].<ref name="HollifieldMartin2014">{{cite book |first1=James |last1=Hollifield |first2=Philip |last2=Martin |first3=Pia |last3=Orrenius |title=Controlling Immigration: A Global Perspective, Third Edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ys9jBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11 |year=2014 |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8047-8627-0 |page=11 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106124820/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ys9jBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11 |archive-date=January 6, 2017}}</ref><ref name="BeaujotKerr2007j">{{cite book |first1=Roderic P. |last1=Beaujot |first2=Donald W. |last2=Kerr |title=The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CofPBh5BRhwC&pg=PA178 |year=2007 |publisher=Canadian Scholars' Press |isbn=978-1-55130-322-2 |page=178 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412182054/https://books.google.com/books?id=CofPBh5BRhwC&pg=PA178 |archive-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref> In 2019, a total of 341,180 immigrants were admitted to Canada, mainly from Asia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Immigrants Flock To Canada, While U.S. Declines|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2020/02/18/immigrants-flock-to-canada-while-us-declines/#12abbd306e54|last=Anderson|first=Stuart|year=2020|website=Forbes|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> New immigrants settle mostly in major urban areas such as [[Toronto]], [[Montreal]] and [[Vancouver]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Herbert G. |last=Grubel |title=The Effects of Mass Immigration on Canadian Living Standards and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=48LOyfxYihoC&pg=PA5 |year=2009 |publisher=Fraser Institute |isbn=978-0-88975-246-7 |page=5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412162354/https://books.google.com/books?id=48LOyfxYihoC&pg=PA5 |archive-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref> Canada also accepts large numbers of [[refugee]]s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/media/releases/2010/2010-11-01a.asp |title=Government of Canada Tables 2011 Immigration Plan |publisher=Canada News Centre |access-date=December 12, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203235801/http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/media/releases/2010/2010-11-01a.asp |archive-date=December 3, 2010}}</ref> accounting for over 10 percent of annual global [[third country resettlement|refugee resettlements]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Alan |last=Simmons |title=Immigration and Canada: Global and Transnational Perspectives |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K0YwAJ7MpswC&pg=PA92 |year=2010 |publisher=Canadian Scholars' Press |isbn=978-1-55130-362-8 |page=92 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412135840/https://books.google.com/books?id=K0YwAJ7MpswC&pg=PA92 |archive-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Jason |first1=Markusoff |title=Canada now brings in more refugees than the U.S. |url=https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/refugee-resettlement-canada/ |website=macleans.ca |publisher=Rogers Media |date=January 23, 2019}}</ref>

== Population ==
[[ File:Population density per province by Canada gradient map (2016).svg|thumb|Population density of Canadian provinces and territories
{{legend|#034e7b|>25 people/km<sup>2</sup>}}
{{legend|#0570b0|15-24.9 people/km<sup>2</sup>}}
{{legend|#3690c0|10-14.9 people/km<sup>2</sup>}}
{{legend|#74a9cf|5-9.9 people/km<sup>2</sup>}}
{{legend|#a6bddb|1-4.9 people/km<sup>2</sup>}}
{{legend|#d0d1e6|<1 people/km<sup>2</sup>}}]]
{{Main|Population of Canada}}
The [[Canada 2016 Census]] had a total population count of 35,151,728 individuals, making up approximately 0.5% of the world's total population.<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 Census Profile |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/index-eng.cfm |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=2012-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225215541/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/index-eng.cfm |archive-date=2012-02-25 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Environment — Greenhouse Gases (Greenhouse Gas Emissions per Person) |url=http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/.3ndic.1t.4r@-eng.jsp?iid=64|publisher=Human Resources and Skills Development Canada|year=2010|access-date=23 June 2010}}</ref>

=== Provinces and territories ===
{{Main|Population of Canada by province and territory}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! rowspan="2" |Province or territory
! colspan="2" |Population,
[[Canada 2016 Census|2016 Census]]
! colspan="2" |Population,
[[Canada 2011 Census|2011 Census]]
! rowspan="2" |Population 
Change (%),

2011–2016
! rowspan="2" |Total land<br />area (km<sup>2</sup>)
! rowspan="2" |Density<br />(people/km<sup>2</sup>)
! rowspan="2" |[[House of Commons of Canada|House of<br />Commons]] seats
! rowspan="2" |People per<br />seat
|- style="background:pink;"
!Number
!Percentage
! Number
! Percentage
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Ontario}}
|13,448,494
|38.26%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|12851821}}
| 38.39%
|4.64%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|917741}}
| 14.65
| 121
| 111,145
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Quebec}}
|8,164,361
|23.23%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|7903001}}
| 23.61%
|3.30%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|1365128}}
| 5.98
| 78
| 104,671
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|British Columbia}}
|4,648,055
|13.22%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|4400057}}
| 13.14%
|5.63%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|925186}}
| 5.02
| 42
| 110,668
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Alberta}}
|4,067,175
|11.57%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|3645257}}
| 10.89%
|11.57%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|642317}}
| 6.33
| 34
| 119,623
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Manitoba}}
|1,278,365
|3.64%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|1208268}}
| 3.61%
|5.80%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|553556}}
| 2.31
| 14
| 91,312
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Saskatchewan}}
|1,098,352
|3.12%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|1033381}}
| 3.09%
|6.29%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|591670}}
| 1.86
| 14
| 78,454
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Nova Scotia}}
|923,598
|2.63%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|921727}}
| 2.75%
|0.20%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|53338}}
| 17.32
| 11
|83,963
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|New Brunswick}}
|747,101
|2.13%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|751171}}
| 2.24%
| −0.54%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|71450}}
| 10.46
| 10
| 74,710
|- style="text-align:center;"
| align="left" nowrap="nowrap" | {{flag|Newfoundland and Labrador}}
|519,716
|1.48%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|514536}}
| 1.54%
|1.01%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|373872}}
| 1.39
| 7
| 74,245
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Prince Edward Island}}
|142,907
|0.41%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|140204}}
| 0.42%
|1.93%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|5660}}
| 25.25
| 4
| 35,727
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Northwest Territories}}
|41,786
|0.12%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|41462}}
| 0.12%
|0.78%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|1183085}}
| 0.04
| 1
| 41,786
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flag|Nunavut}}
|35,944
|0.10%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|31906}}
| 0.09%
|12.66%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1936113}}
| 0.02
| 1
| 35,944
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Yukon}}
|35,874
|0.10%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|33897}}
| 0.10%
|5.83%
| style="text-align:right;" |{{Number table sorting|474391}}
| 0.08
| 1
| 35,874
|- class="sortbottom" text-align:center; "
! style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Canada}}
!35,151,728
!100%
! style="text-align:right;" | {{Number table sorting|33476688}}
! 100%
!5.00%
! style="text-align:right;" | {{Number table sorting|9,093,507}}
! 3.87
! 338
! 103,999
|}

:<small>Sources: Statistics Canada</small><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=101&SR=1&S=3&O=D | title= Population data 2011 Census| author= Statistics Canada | author-link= Statistics Canada| year= 2011| access-date= 2012-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/phys01.htm?sdi=area | title= Land and freshwater area, by province and territory (2005) | author= Statistics Canada | author-link= Statistics Canada | year= 2005 | access-date= 2007-07-22 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070708110654/http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/phys01.htm?sdi=area | archive-date= 2007-07-08 }}</ref>

=== Cities ===
{{main| List of the 100 largest population centres in Canada}}
{{Largest cities of Canada}}{{Clear}}

=== Census metropolitan areas ===
{{main|List of largest Canadian cities by census|List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population}}
{{Largest Metropolitan Areas of Canada}}{{Clear}}

[[image:Can Provinces by Population Growth Rate.png|thumb|Growth rate of Canadian provinces
{{legend|#f1ff69|< 5.0%}}
{{legend|#dcc700| 5.0% - 10.0%}}
{{legend|#c29c00| 10.0% - 15.0%}}
{{legend|#a08100|> 15.0%}}]]

===Population growth rates===

According to [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (OECD)/[[World Bank]], the population in Canada increased from 1990 to 2008 with 5.6&nbsp;million and 20.4% growth in population, compared to 21.7% growth in the [[United States]] and 31.2% growth in [[Mexico]]. According to the OECD/World Bank population statistics, for the same period the [[world population]] growth was 27%, a total of 1,423&nbsp;million people.<ref name=IEApop2011>[http://www.iea.org/co2highlights/co2Highlights.XLS CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion] Population 1971–2008 ([http://iea.org/co2highlights/co2highlights.pdf pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106205757/http://iea.org/co2highlights/co2highlights.pdf |date=2012-01-06 }} pages 83–85) IEA (OECD/ World Bank) original population ref e.g. in IEA Key World Energy Statistics 2010 page 57 {{cite web |url=http://www.iea.org/co2highlights/co2Highlights.XLS |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-06-18 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925100340/http://www.iea.org/co2highlights/co2Highlights.XLS |archive-date=September 25, 2015 }}</ref> However, over the same period, the population of [[Demographics of France#Vital statistics|France]] grew by 8.0%.  And from 1991 to 2011, the population of the [[Demography of the United Kingdom#UK population change over time|UK]] increased by 10.0%.

==Total Fertility Rates in the 19th century==
The [[total fertility rate]] is the number of children born per woman. Source: [[Statistics Canada]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-630-x/11-630-x2014002-eng.htm#a1|title=Fertility: Fewer children, older moms|website=[[Statistics Canada]]|date=July 17, 2018}}</ref><ref name="publications.gc.ca">{{citation|url=http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS99-541-1972-eng.pdf|title=Trends and Factors of Fertility in Canada|author=Jacques Henripin|publisher=[[Statistics Canada]]|location=Ottawa|date=1972|page=30, 33}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! Years !!1851!!1871!!1891
|-
| align="left"|[[Total Fertility Rate]] in Canada||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|6.56||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|6.83||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.92
|}

==Vital statistics==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!<ref>B.R. Mitchell. International historical statistics: the Americas, 1750–2000.</ref><ref>[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001] United nations. Demographic Yearbooks</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/start|title=Statistics Canada: Canada's national statistical agency|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada|date=February 1, 1995|website=www.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! style="width:70pt;"| Average population
! style="width:70pt;"| Live births
! style="width:70pt;"| Deaths
! style="width:70pt;"| Natural change
! style="width:70pt;"| Birth rate (per 1,000)
! style="width:70pt;"| Death rate (per 1,000)
! style="width:70pt;"| Natural change (per 1,000)
! style="width:70pt;"| [[Total Fertility Rate]]{{efn| name=fertility|1=In fertility rates, 2.1 and above is a stable population and has been marked blue, 2 and below leads to an aging population and the result is that the population decreases. }}<ref name="publications.gc.ca"/><ref name="cia.gov"/>
|-
| 1900
|5,500,000
|150,000||89,000||61,000
|27.2||16.2||11.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1901
|5,600,000
|175,000||79,000||96,000
|31.2||14.1||17.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1902
|5,760,000
|180,000||77,000||103,000
|31.3||13.4||17.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.8
|-
| 1903
|5,930,000
|186,000||78,000||108,000
|31.3||13.2||18.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1904
|6,100,000
|192,000||82,000||110,000
|31.4||13.5||17.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1905
|6,280,000
|195,000||82,000||113,000
|31.0||13.0||18.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1906
|6,460,000
|193,000||85,000||108,000
|29.9||13.2||16.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1907
|6,650,000
|196,000||85,000||111,000
|29.5||12.8||16.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.74
|-
| 1908
|6,850,000
|208,000||86,000||122,000
|30.3||12.6||17.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1909
|7,040,000
|213,000||90,000||123,000
|30.2||12.8||17.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1910
|7,250,000
|220,000||95,000||125,000
|30.4||13.1||17.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1911
|7,460,000
|225,000||100,000||125,000
|30.1||13.4||16.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.7
|-
| 1912
|7,610,000
|238,000||99,000||139,000
|31.3||13.0||19.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.62
|-
| 1913
|7,760,000
|246,000||102,000||144,000
|31.7||13.1||19.6||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1914
|7,910,000
|252,000||100,000||152,000
|31.9||12.6||19.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1915
|8,060,000
|257,000||101,000||156,000
|31.9||12.5||19.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1916
|8,220,000
|252,000||107,000||145,000
|30.7||13.0||17.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1917
|8,380,000
|244,000||106,000||138,000
|29.1||12.7||16.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.26
|-
| 1918
|8,450,000
|243,000||134,000||109,000
|28.8||15.9||12.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1919
|8,710,000
|241,000||119,000||122,000
|27.7||13.7||14.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1920
|8,880,000
|259,000||118,000||141,000
|29.2||13.3||15.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1921
|9,060,000
|265,000||105,000||160,000
|29.3||11.6||17.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.98
|-
| 1922
|9,230,000
|261,000||107,000||154,000
|28.3||11.6||16.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.86
|-
| 1923
|9,400,000
|251,000||111,000||140,000
|26.7||11.8||14.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1924
|9,560,000
|255,000||104,000||151,000
|26.7||10.9||15.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1925
|9,730,000
|254,000||104,000||150,000
|26.1||10.7||15.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1926
|9,890,000
|244,000||113,000||131,000
|24.7||11.4||13.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1927
|10,040,000
|244,000||110,000||134,000
|24.3||11.0||13.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.32
|-
| 1928
|10,190,000
|246,000||114,000||132,000
|24.1||11.2||12.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|
|-
| 1929
|10,350,000
|243,000||118,000||125,000
|23.5||11.4||12.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.22
|-
| 1930
|10,498,000
|251,000||113,000||138,000
|23.9||10.8||13.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.28
|-
| 1931
|10,630,000
|247,000||108,000||139,000
|23.2||10.2||13.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.2
|-
| 1932
|10,794,000
|243,000||108,000||135,000
|22.5||10.0||12.5||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.08
|-
| 1933
|10,919,000
|229,000||106,000||123,000
|21.0||9.7||11.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.86
|-
| 1934
|11,029,000
|228,296||105,277||123,019
|20.7||9.5||11.2||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.8
|-
| 1935
|11,135,000
|228,396||109,724||118,672
|20.5||9.9||10.6||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.76
|-
| 1936
|11,242,000
|227,980||111,111||116,869
|20.3||9.9||10.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.70
|-
| 1937
|11,339,000
|227,878||118,019||109,859
|20.1||10.4||9.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.65
|-
| 1938
|11,448,000
|237,091||110,647||126,444
|20.7||9.7||11.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.70
|-
| 1939
|11,565,000
|237,991||112,729||125,262
|20.6||9.7||10.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.65
|-
| 1940
|11,682,000
|252,577||114,717||137,860
|21.6||9.8||11.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.77
|-
| 1941
|11,810,000
|263,993||118,797||145,196
|22.4||10.1||12.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.83
|-
| 1942
|11,962,000
|281,569||117,110||164,459
|23.5||9.8||13.7||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.96
|-
| 1943
|12,125,000
|292,943||122,640||170,303
|24.2||10.1||14.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.04
|-
| 1944
|12,291,000
|283,967||120,393||163,574
|24.0||9.8||14.2||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.01
|-
| 1945
|12,441,000
|300,570||117,319||183,251
|24.3||9.5||14.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.02
|-
| 1946
|12,637,000
|343,504||118,785||224,719
|27.2||9.4||17.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.37
|-
| 1947
|12,919,000
|372,443||121,478||250,965
|28.9||9.4||19.5||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.60
|-
| 1948
|13,167,000
|359,860||122,974||236,886
|27.3||9.3||18.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.44
|-
| 1949
|13,475,000
|367,092||124,567||242,525
|27.2||9.2||18.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.46
|-
| 1950
|13,737,000
|372,009||124,220||247,789
|27.1||9.0||18.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.46
|-
| 1951
|14,050,000
|381,092||125,823||255,269
|27.1||9.0||18.2||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.50
|-
| 1952
|14,496,000
|403,559||126,385||277,174
|27.8||8.7||19.1||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.64
|-
| 1953
|14,886,000
|417,884||127,791||290,093
|28.1||8.6||19.5||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.72
|-
| 1954
|15,330,000
|436,198||124,855||311,343
|28.5||8.1||20.3||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.83
|-
| 1955
|15,736,000
|442,937||128,476||314,461
|28.1||8.2||20.0||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.83
|-
| 1956
|16,123,000
|450,739||131,961||318,778
|28.0||8.2||19.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.86
|-
| 1957
|16,677,000
|469,093||136,579||332,514
|28.1||8.2||19.9||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.93
|-
| 1958
|17,120,000
|470,118||135,201||334,917
|27.5||7.9||19.6||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.88
|-
| 1959
|17,522,000
|479,275||139,913||339,362
|27.4||8.0||19.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.94
|-
| 1960
|17,909,000
|478,551||139,693||338,858
|26.7||7.8||18.9|| align="right" style="color: blue" |3.895
|-
| 1961
|18,271,000
|475,700||140,985||334,715
|26.0||7.7||18.3|| align="right" style="color: blue" |3.840
|-
| 1962
|18,614,000
|469,693||143,699||325,994
|25.2||7.7||17.5|| align="right" style="color: blue" |3.767
|-
| 1963
|18,964,000
|465,767||147,367||318,400
|24.6||7.8||16.8|| align="right" style="color: blue" |3.694
|-
| 1964
|19,325,000
|452,915||145,850||307,065
|23.4||7.5||15.9|| align="right" style="color: blue" |3.449
|-
| 1965
|19,678,000
|418,595||148,939||269,656
|21.3||7.6||13.7|| align="right" style="color: blue" |3.192
|-
| 1966
|20,048,000
|387,710||149,863||237,847
|19.3||7.5||11.9|| align="right" style="color: blue" |2.749
|-
| 1967
|20,412,000
|370,894||150,283||220,611
|18.2||7.4||10.8|| align="right" style="color: blue" |2.528
|-
| 1968
|20,744,000
|364,310||153,196||211,114
|17.6||7.4||10.2|| align="right" style="color: blue" |2.386
|-
| 1969
|21,028,000
|369,647||154,477||215,170
|17.6||7.3||10.2|| align="right" style="color: blue" |2.334
|-
| 1970
|21,324,000
|371,988||155,961||216,027
|17.4||7.3||10.1|| align="right" style="color: blue" |2.258
|-
| 1971
|21,962,000
|362,187||157,272||204,915
|16.7||7.3||9.5|| align="right" style="color: blue" |2.141
|-
| 1972
|22,218,000
|347,319||162,413||184,906
|15.8||7.4||8.4||1.98
|-
| 1973
|22,492,000
|343,373||164,039||179,334
|15.4||7.4||8.1||1.89
|-
| 1974
|22,808,000
|350,650||166,794||178,851
|15.3||7.4||7.9||1.837
|-
| 1975
|23,143,000
|359,323||167,176||191,919
|15.6||7.3||8.3||1.824
|-
| 1976
|23,450,000
|359,987||167,009||192,978
|15.4||7.2||8.3||1.796
|-
| 1977
|23,726,000
|361,400||167,498||193,902
|15.3||7.1||8.2||1.782
|-
| 1978
|23,963,000
|358,852||168,179||190,673
|15.0||7.0||8.0||1.768
|-
| 1979
|24,202,000
|366,064||168,183||197,881
|15.1||6.9||8.2||1.754
|-
| 1980
|24,516,000
|370,709||171,473||199,236
|15.1||7.0||8.1||1.74
|-
| 1981
|24,820,000
|371,346||171,029||200,317
|14.9||6.8||8.0||1.7
|-
| 1982
|25,117,000
|373,082||174,413||198,669
|14.8||6.9||7.9||1.69
|-
| 1983
|25,367,000
|373,689||174,484||199,205
|14.6||6.8||7.8||1.68
|-
| 1984
|25,608,000
|377,031||175,727||201,304
|14.6||6.8||7.8||1.65
|-
| 1985
|25,843,000
|375,727||181,323||194,404
|14.4||7.0||7.5||1.67
|-
| 1986
|26,101,000
|372,913||184,224||188,689
|14.3||7.1||7.2||1.675
|-
| 1987
|26,449,000
|369,742||184,953||184,789
|14.0||7.0||7.0||1.68
|-
| 1988
|26,795,000
|376,795||190,011||186,784
|14.1||7.1||7.0||1.68
|-
| 1989
|27,282,000
|392,661||190,965||201,696
|14.4||7.0||7.4||1.77
|-
| 1990
|27,698,000
|405,486||191,973||213,513
|14.6||6.9||7.7||1.83
|-
| 1991
|28,031,000
|402,533||195,569||206,964
|14.4||7.0||7.4||1.7
|-
| 1992
|28,367,000
|398,643||196,535||202,108
|14.1||6.9||7.1||1.71
|-
| 1993
|28,682,000
|388,394||204,912||183,482
|13.5||7.1||6.4||1.7
|-
| 1994
|28,999,000
|385,114||207,077||178,037
|13.3||7.1||6.1||1.67
|-
| 1995
|29,302,000
|378,016||210,733||167,283
|12.9||7.2||5.7||1.639
|-
| 1996
|29,611,000
|366,200||212,880||153,320
|12.4||7.2||5.2||1.592
|-
| 1997
|29,907,000
|348,598||215,669||132,929
|11.7||7.2||4.4||1.55
|-
| 1998
|30,157,000
|342,418||218,091||124,327
|11.4||7.2||4.1||1.53
|-
| 1999
|30,404,000
|337,249||219,530||117,719
|11.1||7.2||3.9||1.51
|-
| 2000
|30,689,000
|327,882||218,062||109,820
|10.7||7.1||3.6||1.49
|-
| 2001
|31,021,000
|333,744||219,538||114,206
|10.8||7.1||3.7||1.505
|-
| 2002
|31,373,000
|328,802||223,603||105,199
|10.5||7.1||3.4||1.52
|-
| 2003
|31,676,000
|335,202||226,169||109,033
|10.6||7.1||3.4||1.53
|-
| 2004
|31,941,000
|337,072||226,584||110,488
|10.6||7.1||3.5||1.53
|-
| 2005
|32,245,000
|342,176||230,132||112,044
|10.6||7.1||3.5||1.54
|-
| 2006
|32,576,000
|354,617||228,079||126,538
|10.9||7.0||3.9||1.586
|-
| 2007
|32,930,000
|367,864||235,217||132,647
|11.2||7.1||4.0||1.659
|-
| 2008
|33,318,000
|377,886||238,617||139,269
|11.3||7.2||4.2||1.681
|-
| 2009
|33,727,000
|380,863||242,277||138,586
|11.3||7.2||4.1||1.668
|-
| 2010
|34,127,000
|377,213||247,926||129,287
|11.1||7.3||3.8||1.627
|-
| 2011
|34,484,000
|377,636||254,731||122,905
|11.0||7.4||3.6||1.61
|-
| 2012
|34,880,000
|381,869||256,965||124,904
|10.9||7.4||3.6||1.614
|-
| 2013
|35,293,000
|380,323||252,338||127,985
|10.8||7.3||3.5||1.587
|-
|2014
|35,667,000
|384,100||258,821||125,279
|10.8||7.3||3.5||1.582
|-
|2015
|35,981,000
|382,392||264,333||118,059
|10.6||7.3||3.3||1.563
|-
|2016
|36,503,000
|383,102||267,213||115,889
|10.5||7.3||3.2||1.543
|-
|2017
|36,963,000
|376,308||276,649||99,659
|10.2||7.5||2.7||1.496
|-
|2018
|37,242,000
|374,049||283,720||90,329
|10.1||7.6||2.5||1.499
|-
|2019
|37,797,500
|372,038||290,404||81,634
|9.9||7.7||2.2||align="right" style="color: red"|1.468
|-
|2020
|38,048,738
|372,727||309,893||62,834
|9.6||8.0||1.6||align="right" style="color: red"|
|}

===Current population growth===
<ref>{{cite web|title=Estimates of births, deaths and marriages, Canada, provinces and territories quarterly (number)|url=http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?lang=eng&retrLang=eng&id=0530001&&pattern=&stByVal=1&p1=1&p2=31&tabMode=dataTable&csid=|website=Statistics Canada|access-date=18 December 2020}}</ref>
*Births from January–September 2019 = {{decrease}} 282,304
*Births from January–September 2020 = {{increase}} 283,928

*Deaths from January–September 2019 = {{IncreaseNegative}} 215,898
*Deaths from January–September 2020 = {{IncreaseNegative}} 228,134

*Natural increase from January–September 2019 = {{decrease}} 66,406
*Natural increase from January–September 2020 = {{decrease}} 55,794

==Population projection==
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
{{Historical populations
|title=Population projections – High-growth scenario (Statistics Canada) 
|align=centre
|footnote=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/91-520-x/2010001/t303-eng.pdf|title=Population Projections for Canada – Components of population growth, high-growth scenario – 2009/2010 to 2060/2061|publisher=Statistics Canada. Catalogue no. 91-520|date=2006|access-date=September 8, 2013}}</ref> 
|2021|39110000
|2031|44430000
|2041|49900000
|2051|56070000
|2061|63000000
}}
{{Col-end}}
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
{{Historical populations
|title=immigration projections<br />projection, 2020 est.<br />
|align=centre
|footnote=
|2020|341,000
|2021|401,000<ref>https://www.cicnews.com/2020/10/canada-to-release-2021-2023-immigration-levels-plan-1016133.html#gs.od5qvg</ref><ref>https://www.immigration.ca/canada-to-dramatically-increase-immigration-to-more-than-400000-per-year</ref>
|2022|411,000<ref>https://www.cicnews.com/2020/10/canada-to-release-2021-2023-immigration-levels-plan-1016133.html#gs.od5qvg</ref><ref>https://www.immigration.ca/canada-to-dramatically-increase-immigration-to-more-than-400000-per-year</ref>
|2023|421,000<ref>https://www.cicnews.com/2020/10/canada-to-release-2021-2023-immigration-levels-plan-1016133.html#gs.od5qvg</ref><ref>https://www.immigration.ca/canada-to-dramatically-increase-immigration-to-more-than-400000-per-year</ref>
}}
{{Col-end}}
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
{{Historical populations
|title=Canada population<br />projection, 2010 est.<br />([[United States Census Bureau|US Census Bureau]])
|align=centre
|footnote=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/informationGateway.php |title=International Programs – U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=2012-01-22}}</ref>
|2020|36387000
|2030|38565000
|2040|40070000
|2050|41136000
}}
{{Col-end}}

== Life expectancy at birth from 1831 to 2015 ==
Sources: [[Our World In Data]] and the [[United Nations]].

'''1831–1911'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy?year=1810|title=Life expectancy|website=Our World in Data|access-date=2018-08-28}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
|1831
|1841
|1851
|1861
|1871
|1881
|1891
|1901
|1911
|-
!Life expectancy in Years
|39.0
|40.3
|41.0
|41.6
|42.6
|44.7
|45.2
|48.6
|52.5
|-
|}
'''1921–1950'''
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!Year
!Life expectancy in<br />Years
!Year
!Life expectancy in<br />Years
!Year
!Life expectancy in<br />Years
|-
|1921
|57.0
|1931
|60.3
|1941
|63.7
|-
|1922
|57.0
|1932
|61.4
|1942
|64.6
|-
|1923
|56.9
|1933
|62.3
|1943
|64.6
|-
|1924
|58.8
|1934
|62.7
|1944
|65.3
|-
|1925
|59.2
|1935
|62.4
|1945
|66.3
|-
|1926
|57.2
|1936
|62.7
|1946
|66.5
|-
|1927
|58.6
|1937
|61.3
|1947
|66.7
|-
|1928
|58.4
|1938
|63.3
|1948
|67.3
|-
|1929
|57.9
|1939
|63.7
|1949
|67.6
|-
|1930
|58.9
|1940
|64.0
|1950
|68.2
|-
|}
'''1950–2015'''
{| class="wikitable nowrap" style="text-align: center;"
!Period
!Life {{wbr}}expectancy<br />in Years
!Period
!Life {{wbr}}expectancy<br />in Years
|-
|1950–1955
|69.1
|1985–1990
|76.8
|-
|1955–1960
|70.3
|1990–1995
|77.8
|-
|1960–1965
|71.3
|1995–2000
|78.6
|-
|1965–1970
|72.2
|2000–2005
|79.7
|-
|1970–1975
|73.0
|2005–2010
|80.8
|-
|1975–1980
|74.3
|2010–2015
|81.8
|-
|1980–1985
|75.9
|
|
|}
Source: ''UN World Population Prospects''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>

==Age characteristics==
{|class="wikitable sortable nowrap"
|+ Population by age and gender, 2016<ref name=Canadaprofile>{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 | title=Census Profile: Canada (Country) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2015 | access-date=August 30, 2015}}</ref>
!Age group
!Male
!Female
!Total
!Percent
|-
|| 0 to 4 years ||align=center| {{nts|973030}} ||align=center| {{nts|925760}} ||align=center| {{nts|1898790}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1898790|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 5 to 9 years ||align=center| {{nts|1034685}} ||align=center| {{nts|983445}} ||align=center| {{nts|2018130}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2018130|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 10 to 14 years ||align=center| {{nts|985200}} ||align=center| {{nts|937445}} ||align=center| {{nts|1922645}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1922645|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 15 to 19 years ||align=center| {{nts|1039215}} ||align=center| {{nts|986940}} ||align=center| {{nts|2026160}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2026160|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 20 to 24 years ||align=center| {{nts|1144495}} ||align=center| {{nts|1098200}} ||align=center| {{nts|2242690}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2242690|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 25 to 29 years ||align=center| {{nts|1144470}} ||align=center| {{nts|1141515}} ||align=center| {{nts|2285990}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2285990|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 30 to 34 years ||align=center| {{nts|1148290}} ||align=center| {{nts|1181110}} ||align=center| {{nts|2329395}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2329395|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 35 to 39 years ||align=center| {{nts|1118635}} ||align=center| {{nts|1169730}} ||align=center| {{nts|2288365}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2288365|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 40 to 44 years ||align=center| {{nts|1104440}} ||align=center| {{nts|1150695}} ||align=center| {{nts|2255135}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2255135|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 45 to 49 years ||align=center| {{nts|1157760}} ||align=center| {{nts|1202210}} ||align=center| {{nts|2359965}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2359965|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 50 to 54 years ||align=center| {{nts|1318755}} ||align=center| {{nts|1359320}} ||align=center| {{nts|2678075}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2678075|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 55 to 59 years ||align=center| {{nts|1285190}} ||align=center| {{nts|1335055}} ||align=center| {{nts|2620240}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2620240|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 60 to 64 years ||align=center| {{nts|1114885}} ||align=center| {{nts|1175630}} ||align=center| {{nts|2290510}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2290510|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 65 to 69 years ||align=center| {{nts|953075}} ||align=center| {{nts|1019405}} ||align=center| {{nts|1972480}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1972480|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 70 to 74 years ||align=center| {{nts|677975}} ||align=center| {{nts|742900}} ||align=center| {{nts|1420875}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1420875|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 75 to 79 years ||align=center| {{nts|469550}} ||align=center| {{nts|552300}} ||align=center| {{nts|1021850}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1021850|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 80 to 84 years ||align=center| {{nts|325765}} ||align=center| {{nts|423880}} ||align=center| {{nts|749650}} ||align=center| {{percentage|749650|35151730|1}}
|-
|| 85 years and over ||align=center| {{nts|268790}} ||align=center| {{nts|501990}} ||align=center| {{nts|770780}} ||align=center| {{percentage|770780|35151730|1}}
|- class="sortbottom" 
!Total 
!align=center| {{nts|16414225}}
!align=center| {{nts|17062460}}
!align=center| {{nts|33476685}} 
!align=center| {{percentage|33476685|33476685|1}}
|- class="sortbottom" 
|| 0 to 14 years ||align=center| {{nts|2992920}} ||align=center| {{nts|2846645}} ||align=center| {{nts|5839565}} ||align=center| {{percentage|5839565|35151730|1}}
|- class="sortbottom" 
|| 15 to 64 years ||align=center| {{nts|11576130}} ||align=center| {{nts|11800400}} ||align=center| {{nts|23376530}} ||align=center| {{percentage|23376530|35151730|1}}
|- class="sortbottom" 
|| 65 years and over ||align=center| {{nts|2695150}} ||align=center| {{nts|3240485}} ||align=center| {{nts|5935630}} ||align=center| {{percentage|5935630|35151730|1}}
|-
|}

==Other demographics statistics==
58.9% of Canadians reported being members of a single ethnic group in the 2016 Census. 31.7% of them stated “Canadian” as their single ethnic origin, followed by Chinese (7.1%), English (5.4%), East Indian (5.4%), French (5.0%), Italian (3.4%), Filipino (3.2%), German (2.8%), First Nations (North American Indian) (2.6%), Scottish (2.3%), and Irish (2.3%).<ref name="WPR 2018" />

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.<ref name="WPR 2018">{{citation|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/canada-population/|title=Canada Population 2018|website=World Population Review}}</ref>

*One birth every 1 minute	
*One death every 2 minutes	
*One net migrant every 2 minutes	
*Net gain of one person every 2 minutes

[[File:Canadapop-1950.svg|upright=1.3|thumb|right|Population pyramid of Canada in 1950]]
Demographic statistics according to the [[CIA World Factbook]], unless otherwise indicated.<ref name="cia.gov">{{citation|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/canada/|title= The World FactBook – Canada|date=July 12, 2018|work=[[The World Factbook]]}}</ref>

;Population:
:35,881,659 (July 2018 est.)
:35,623,680 (July 2017 est.)

;Age structure:
[[File:Canadapop.svg|upright=1.3|thumb|right|Population pyramid of Canada in 2017]]
:''0-14 years:'' 15.43% (male 2,839,236 /female 2,698,592)
:''15-24 years:'' 11.62% (male 2,145,626 /female 2,023,369)
:''25-54 years:'' 39.62% (male 7,215,261 /female 7,002,546)
:''55-64 years:'' 14.24% (male 2,538,820 /female 2,570,709)
:''65 years and over:'' 19.08% (male 3,055,560 /female 3,791,940) (2018 est.)

:''0-14 years:'' 15.44% (male 2,819,279/female 2,680,024)
:''15-24 years:'' 11.85% (male 2,171,703/female 2,048,546)
:''25-54 years:'' 39.99% (male 7,227,145/female 7,020,156)
:''55-64 years:'' 14.1% (male 2,492,120/female 2,529,652)
:''65 years and over:'' 18.63% (male 2,958,721/female 3,676,334) (2017 est.)

;Median age:
:total: 42.4 years. Country comparison to the world: 31st
:male: 41.1 years 
:female: 43.7 years (2018 est.)

:total: 42.2 years.
:male: 40.9 years
:female: 43.5 years (2017 est.)

:total: 40.6 years
:male: 39.6 years
:female: 41.5 years (2011)

;Median age by province and territory, 2011:
# [[Newfoundland and Labrador]]: 44.0
# [[Nova Scotia]]: 43.7
# [[New Brunswick]]:43.7
# [[Prince Edward Island]]: 42.8
# [[Quebec]]: 41.9
# [[British Columbia]]: 41.9
# [[Ontario]]: 40.4
# [[Yukon]]: 39.1
# [[Manitoba]]: 38.4
# [[Saskatchewan]]: 38.2
# [[Alberta]]: 36.5
# [[Northwest Territories]]: 32.3
# [[Nunavut]]: 24.1

'''Total''': 40.6
:<small>Sources: Statistics Canada</small><ref>{{cite web| url= http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/as-sa/Pages/highlight.cfm?TabID=1&Lang=E&PRCode=13&Asc=0&OrderBy=1&Sex=1&View=1&tableID=22 | title= Population by broad age groups and sex, including median age, 1921 to 2011 for both sex (2011 Census) | author= Statistics Canada | author-link= Statistics Canada| year= 2011| access-date= 2012-05-29}}</ref>

;Birth rate:
:10.2 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 189th

;Death rate:
:8.8 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 67th

;[[Total fertility rate]]:
:1.6 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 180th

;Net migration rate:
:5.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 20th
:5.65 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)

;Population growth rate:
:0.72% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 139th

;Mother's mean age at first birth:
:28.1 years (2012 est.)

;Ethnic groups:
Canadian 32.3%, English 18.3%, Scottish 13.9%, French 13.6%, Irish 13.4%, German 9.6%, Chinese 5.1%, Italian 4.6%, North American Indian 4.4%, East Indian 4%, other 51.6% (2016 est.)<br />
Note: percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin (2016 est.)

Canadian 32.2%, English 19.8%, French 15.5%, Scottish 14.4%, Irish 13.8%, German 9.8%, Italian 4.5%, Chinese 4.5%, North American Indian 4.2%, other 50.9%<br />
Note: percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin (2011 est.)

;Languages:
English (official) 58.7%, French (official) 22%, Punjabi 1.4%, Italian 1.3%, Spanish 1.3%, German 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, Tagalog 1.2%, Arabic 1.1%, other 10.5% (2011 est.)

;Population distribution:
The vast majority of Canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300&nbsp;km of the southern border with the United States; the most populated province is Ontario, followed by Quebec and British Columbia. 

;Religions:
Catholic 39% (includes Roman Catholic 38.8%, other Catholic .2%), Protestant 20.3% (includes United Church 6.1%, Anglican 5%, Baptist 1.9%, Lutheran 1.5%, Pentecostal 1.5%, Presbyterian 1.4%, other Protestant 2.9%), Orthodox 1.6%, other Christian 6.3%, Muslim 3.2%, Hindu 1.5%, Sikh 1.4%, Buddhist 1.1%, Jewish 1%, other 0.6%, none 23.9% (2011 est.)

;Life expectancy at birth:
:total population: 82 years 
:male: 79.4 years 
:female: 84.8 years (2018 est.)

;[[Dependency ratio]]s:
:total dependency ratio: 47.3
:youth dependency ratio: 23.5
:elderly dependency ratio: 23.8
:[[potential support ratio]]: 4.2 (2015 est.)

;School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
:total: 16 years 
:male: 16 years 
:female: 17 years (2016)

;Unemployment, youth ages 15–24:
:total: 11.6%. Country comparison to the world: 110th
:male: 13.3% 
:female: 9.9% (2017 est.)

;Urbanization:
:urban population: 81% of total population (2010)
:rate of urbanization: 1.1% annual rate of change (2010–2015 est.)

'''Sex ratio:'''
* ''at birth:'' 1.06 male(s)/female
* ''under 15 years:'' 1.05 male(s)/female
* ''15 – 24 years:'' 1.06 male(s)/female
* ''25 – 54 years:'' 1.03 male(s)/female
* ''55 – 64 years:'' 0.98 male(s)/female
* ''65 years and over:'' 0.79 male(s)/female
* ''total population:'' 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

;Infant mortality rate:
:total: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births. Country comparison to the world: 180th
:male: 4.8 deaths/1,000 live births
:female: 4.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)

==Ethnicity==

===Ethnic origin===
{{Main|Ethnic origins of people in Canada}}
As data is completely self-reported, and reporting individuals may have varying definitions of "Ethnic origin" (or may not know their ethnic origin), these figures should not be considered an exact record of the relative prevalence of different ethno-cultural ancestries but rather how Canadians self-identify.

Statistics Canada projects that immigrants will represent between 24.5% and 30.0% of Canada's population in 2036, compared with 20.7% in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/91-551-x/91-551-x2017001-eng.htm|title=Population Projections for Canada and its Regions, 2011 to 2036|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada|date=January 25, 2017|website=www150.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref> Statistics Canada further projects that visible minorities among the working-age population (15 to 64 years) will make up 33.7–34.3% of Canada's total population, compared to 22.3% in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/91-551-x/2017001/tbl/tbl_05-eng.htm|title=Table 5: Population (in thousands) by visible minority group, Canada, 2011 (estimated) and 2036 (projected according to six scenarios)|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada|date=January 25, 2017|website=www150.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

Counting both single and multiple responses, the most commonly identified ethnic origins were (2016):
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="margin:left"
|-
! scope="col" | [[Ethnic origins of people in Canada|Ethnic origin]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=31&Geo=01&SO=4D|title=Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables|publisher=statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! %
! scope="col" | [[Population of Canada|Population]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians|Canadian]]{{efn| name=Canadian|1=All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by [[Canadian nationality law|Canada's nationality law]]s. However, "Canadian" as an ethnic group has since 1996 been added to census questionnaires for possible ancestry. "Canadian" was included as an example on the English
questionnaire and "Canadien" as an example on the French questionnaire. "The majority of respondents to this selection are from the eastern part of the country that was first settled. Respondents generally are visibly European (Anglophones and Francophones), but no-longer self identify with their ethnic ancestral origins. This response is attributed to a multitude or generational distance from ancestral lineage.
<br />'''Source 1:''' {{cite web|title=Our 'Cense' of Self: the 2006 Census saw 1.6 million 'Canadian'|url=http://www.acs-aec.ca/pdf/polls/12154527016855.pdf|author=Jack Jedwab|publisher=Association for Canadian Studies|date=April 2008|access-date=March 7, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002032711/http://www.acs-aec.ca/pdf/polls/12154527016855.pdf|archive-date=October 2, 2011|url-status=dead}}
<br />'''Source 2:''' {{cite book|author=Don Kerr|title=The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CofPBh5BRhwC&pg=PA313|year=2007|publisher=Canadian Scholars' Press|isbn=978-1-55130-322-2|pages=313–317}}}}
| 32.32%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|11136134}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[English Canadian|English]]
| 18.34%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|6320085}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Scottish Canadian|Scottish]]
| 13.93%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|4799010}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[French Canadian|French]]
| 13.55%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|4670595}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Irish Canadian|Irish]]
| 13.43%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|4627000}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians of German ethnicity|German]]
| 9.64%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|3322405}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Chinese Canadian|Chinese]]
| 5.13%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1769195}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Italian Canadians|Italian]]
| 4.61%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1587970}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[First Nations]]{{efn|name=abdata|1=The category "North American Indian" includes respondents who indicated that their ethnic origins were from a Canadian First Nation, or another non-Canadian North American aboriginal group (excluding Inuit and Métis).
<br />Source: {{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/12-592-x/12-592-x2007001-eng.htm 
|title=How Statistics Canada Identifies Aboriginal Peoples|publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=January 16, 2011}}}}
| 4.43%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1525565}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Indo-Canadians|Indian]]
| 3.99%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1374710}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Ukrainian Canadian|Ukrainian]]
| 3.95%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1359655}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians of Dutch descent|Dutch]]
| 3.23%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1111655}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Polish Canadians|Polish]]
| 3.21%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|1106585}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Filipino Canadian|Filipino]]
| 2.43%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|837130}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians of English descent|British, not included elsewhere]]
| 1.87%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|644695}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Russians in Canada|Russian]]
| 1.81%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|622445}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
| 1.74%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|600000}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Portuguese Canadians|Portuguese]]
| 1.40%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|482610}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians of Welsh descent|Welsh]]
| 1.38%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|474805}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Norwegian Canadian|Norwegian]]
| 1.34%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|463275}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians of Spanish descent|Spanish]]
| 1.15%
|align="right"|{{Number table sorting|396460}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Canadians of American origin|American]]
| 1.10%
|align="right"|{{Number table sorting|377410}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Swedish Canadian|Swedish]]
| 1.02%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|349640}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Hungarian Canadians|Hungarian]]
| 1.01%
| style="text-align:right;"|{{Number table sorting|348085}}
|}

The most common ethnic origins per province are as follows in 2006<ref name="www12.statcan.ca">{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/sel_geo.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Table=2|title=Statistics Canada: Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada|date=April 2, 2008|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref> (total responses; only percentages 10% or higher shown; ordered by percentage of "Canadian"):
* Quebec (7,723,525): '''Canadian''' (59.1%), '''French''' (29.1%)
* New Brunswick (735,835): '''Canadian''' (50.3%), French (27.2%), English (25.9%), Irish (21.6%), Scottish (19.9%)
* Newfoundland and Labrador (507,265): '''Canadian''' (49.0%), '''English''' (43.4%), Irish (21.8%)
* Nova Scotia (906,170): '''Canadian''' (39.1%), Scottish (31.2%), English (30.8%), Irish (22.3%), French (17.0%), German (10.8%)
* Prince Edward Island (137,375): '''Scottish''' (39.3%), Canadian (36.8%), English (31.1%), '''Irish''' (30.4%), French (21.1%)
* Ontario (12,651,795): '''Canadian''' (23.3%), English (23.1%), Scottish (16.4%), Irish (16.4%), French (10.8%)
* Alberta (3,567,980): '''English''' (24.9%), Canadian (21.8%), German (19.2%), Scottish (18.8%), Irish (15.8%), French (11.1%)
* Manitoba (1,174,345): '''English''' (21.8%), German (18.6%), Canadian (18.5%), Scottish (18.0%), '''Ukrainian''' (14.9%), Irish (13.2%), French (12.6%), North American Indian (10.6%)
* Saskatchewan (1,008,760): '''German''' (28.6%), English (24.9%), Scottish (18.9%), Canadian (18.8%), Irish (15.5%), Ukrainian (13.5%), French (12.2%), '''North American Indian''' (12.1%)
* British Columbia (4,324,455): '''English''' (27.7%), Scottish (19.3%), Canadian (19.1%), German (13.1%), '''Chinese''' (10.7%)
* Yukon (33,320): '''English''' (28.5%), Scottish (25.0%), Irish (22.0%), North American Indian (21.8%), Canadian (21.8%), German (15.6%), French (13.1%)
* Northwest Territories (40,800): '''North American Indian''' (37.0%), Scottish (13.9%), English (13.7%), Canadian (12.8%), Irish (11.9%), Inuit (11.7%)
* Nunavut (31,700): '''Inuit''' (85.4%)

'''Bold''' indicates either that this response is dominant within this province, or that this province has the highest ratio (percentage) of this response among provinces.

=== Visible minority population ===

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Visible and non-visible minority populations by group, 1996–2016
! rowspan="2"| Group
! colspan="2" | [[Canada 1996 Census|1996]]<ref name="1996censusAboriginal"/><ref name=1996censusVisibles>[http://www.statcan.gc.ca/c1996-r1996/feb17-17fev/vm-mv-can-eng.pdf Statistics Canada], Total Population by Visible Minority Population, for Canada, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)</ref>
! colspan="2" | [[Canada 2001 Census|2001]]<ref name="2001censusprofile"/>
! colspan="2" | [[Canada 2006 Census|2006]]<ref name="2006 Canada Census Profile"/> 
! colspan="2" | [[Canada 2011 National Household Survey|2011]]<ref name="2011NHSprofile"/>
! colspan="2" | [[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]<ref name="Census Profile, 2016 Census 2017">{{cite web | title=Census Profile, 2016 Census | work=Statistics Canada | date=February 8, 2017 | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 | access-date=February 16, 2018}}</ref>
|- style="background:#e0e0e0;"
! Total
! {{abbr|Pct.|Percent}} 
! Total
! {{abbr|Pct.|Percent}} 
! Total
! {{abbr|Pct.|Percent}} 
! Total
! {{abbr|Pct.|Percent}} 
! Total
! {{abbr|Pct.|Percent}} 
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total visible minority population ||align=center| {{nts|3197480}} ||align=center| {{percentage|3197480|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|3983845}} ||align=center| {{percentage|3983845|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|5068095}} ||align=center| {{percentage|5068095|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|6264750}} ||align=center| {{percentage|6264750|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|7674580}} ||align=center| {{percentage|7674580|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]] ||align=center| {{nts|670590}} ||align=center| {{percentage|670590|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|917075}} ||align=center| {{percentage|917075|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1262865}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1262865|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1567400}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1567400|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1924635}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1924635|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]] ([[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]) ||align=center| {{nts|860150}} ||align=center| {{percentage|860150|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1029395}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1029395|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1216565}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1216565|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1324750}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1324750|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1,577,060}} || align="center" | {{percentage|1577060|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Black Canadians|Black]] ||align=center| {{nts|573860}} ||align=center| {{percentage|573860|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|662215}} ||align=center| {{percentage|662215|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|783795}} ||align=center| {{percentage|783795|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|945665}} ||align=center| {{percentage|945665|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1198540}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1198540|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Filipino Canadians|Filipino]] ||align=center| {{nts|234195}} ||align=center| {{percentage|234195|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|308575}} ||align=center| {{percentage|308575|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|410695}} ||align=center| {{percentage|410695|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|619310}} ||align=center| {{percentage|619310|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|780125}} ||align=center| {{percentage|780125|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]] ||align=center| {{nts|176970}} ||align=center| {{percentage|176970|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|216980}} ||align=center| {{percentage|216980|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|304245}} ||align=center| {{percentage|304245|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|381280}} ||align=center| {{percentage|381280|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|447325}} ||align=center| {{percentage|447325|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Arab Canadians|Arab]]/[[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]] ||align=center| {{nts|244665}} ||align=center| {{percentage|244665|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}}
|-
|| [[Arab Canadians|Arab]] ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|194685}} ||align=center| {{percentage|194685|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|265550}} ||align=center| {{percentage|265550|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|380620}} ||align=center| {{percentage|380620|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|523235}} ||align=center| {{percentage|523235|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Southeast Asia]]n (except Filipino) ||align=center| {{nts|172765}} ||align=center| {{percentage|172765|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|198880}} ||align=center| {{percentage|198880|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|239935}} ||align=center| {{percentage|239935|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|312075}} ||align=center| {{percentage|312075|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|313260}} ||align=center| {{percentage|313260|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]] ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|}} ||align=center| {{nts|109285}} ||align=center| {{percentage|109285|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|156700}} ||align=center| {{percentage|156700|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|206840}} ||align=center| {{percentage|206840|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|264305}} ||align=center| {{percentage|264305|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Korean Canadians|Korean]] ([[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]) ||align=center| {{nts|64835}} ||align=center| {{percentage|64835|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|100660}} ||align=center| {{percentage|100660|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|141890}} ||align=center| {{percentage|141890|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|161130}} ||align=center| {{percentage|161130|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|188710}} ||align=center| {{percentage|188710|34460065|1}}
|-
|| [[Japanese Canadians|Japanese]] ([[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]) ||align=center| {{nts|68135}} ||align=center| {{percentage|68135|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|73315}} ||align=center| {{percentage|73315|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|81300}} ||align=center| {{percentage|81300|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|87270}} ||align=center| {{percentage|87270|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|92920}} ||align=center| {{percentage|92920|34460065|1}}
|- class="sortbottom"
|| Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|Not included elsewhere. (According to Statistics Canada, this "includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.")}} ||align=center| {{nts|69745}} ||align=center| {{percentage|69745|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|98915}} ||align=center| {{percentage|98915|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|71420}} ||align=center| {{percentage|71420|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|106475}} ||align=center| {{percentage|106475|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|132090}} ||align=center| {{percentage|132090|34460065|1}}
|- class="sortbottom"
|| [[Multiracial|Multiple visible minorities]] ||align=center| {{nts|61575}} ||align=center| {{percentage|61575|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|73875}} ||align=center| {{percentage|73875|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|133120}} ||align=center| {{percentage|133120|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|171935}} ||align=center| {{percentage|171935|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|232375}} ||align=center| {{percentage|232375|34460065|1}}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Not a visible minority ||align=center| {{nts|25330645}} ||align=center| {{percentage|25330645|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|25655185}} ||align=center| {{percentage|25655185|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|26172935}} ||align=center| {{percentage|26172935|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|26587575}} ||align=center| {{percentage|26587575|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|26785480}} ||align=center| {{percentage|26785480|34460065|1}}
|- class="sortbottom"
|| [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal identity]] (see [[#Aboriginal population|breakdown]] below) ||align=center| {{nts|799005}} ||align=center| {{percentage|799005|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|976305}} ||align=center| {{percentage|976305|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1172785}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1172785|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1400685}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1400685|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|1673785}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1673785|34460065|1}}
|- class="sortbottom"
|| [[European Canadians|European]] ||align=center| {{nts|24531640}} ||align=center| {{percentage|24531640|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|24678880}} ||align=center| {{percentage|24678880|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|25000150}} ||align=center| {{percentage|25000150|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|25186890}} ||align=center| {{percentage|25186890|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|25111695}} ||align=center| {{percentage|25111695|34460065|1}}
|- class="sortbottom" 
! Total population in private households ||align=center| {{nts|28528125}} ||align=center| {{percentage|28528125|28528125|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|29639030}} ||align=center| {{percentage|29639030|29639030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|31241030}} ||align=center| {{percentage|31241030|31241030|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|32852320}} ||align=center| {{percentage|32852320|32852320|1}} ||align=center| {{nts|34460065}} ||align=center| {{percentage|34460065|34460065|1}}
|-
|}

==== By province and territory ====
<div style="overflow:auto;">
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Visible minority population by province and territory, 2011<ref name="NHS Profiles"/>
! Province/territory
! Not a visible minority
! [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
! [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]]
! [[Black Canadians|Black]]
! [[Filipino Canadians|Filipino]]
! [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
! [[Arab Canadians|Arab]]
! [[Southeast Asia]]n
! [[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]]
! [[Korean Canadians|Korean]]
! [[Japanese Canadians|Japanese]]
! [[Visible minority]], {{abbr|n.i.e.|Not included elsewhere}}
! [[Multiracial|Multiple]] visible minorities
! Total visible minority population
! ''Total population''
! Percent visible minority
|-
| [[Alberta]]<ref name="Statistics Canada"/>
| '''2,690,960'''
| 156,665
| 133,390
| 74,435
| 106,035
| 41,305
| 34,920
| 41,025
| 16,030
| 15,000
| 12,415
| 6,270
| 18,840
| '''656,325'''
| '''''3,567,980'''''
| '''18.39%'''
|-
| [[British Columbia]]<ref name="www12.statcan.gc.ca"/>
| '''2,911,295'''
| 313,440
| 438,140
| 33,260
| 126,040
| 35,465
| 14,090
| 51,970
| 38,960
| 53,770
| 38,120
| 6,465
| 31,160
| '''1,180,870'''
| '''''4,324,455'''''
| '''27.31%'''
|-
| [[Manitoba]]<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| '''824,830'''
| 25,265
| 17,025
| 19,610
| 59,220
| 9,140
| 3,235
| 7,565
| 2,040
| 3,045
| 1,745
| 1,765
| 3,975
| '''153,625'''
| '''''1,174,350'''''
| '''13.08%'''
|-
| [[New Brunswick]]<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
| '''696,080'''
| 2,445
| 2,540
| 4,870
| 1,100
| 1,160
| 1,380
| 730
| 305
| 1,855
| 305
| 85
| 360
| '''17,135'''
| '''''735,835'''''
| '''2.33%'''
|-
| [[Newfoundland and Labrador]]<ref name="ReferenceC"/>
| '''464,540'''
| 1,855
| 1,645
| 1,455
| 350
| 185
| 370
| 320
| 155
| 80
| 60
| 205
| 250
| '''6,930'''
| '''''507,270'''''
| '''1.37%'''
|-
| [[Northwest Territories]]<ref name="statcan1"/>
| '''16,920'''
| 185
| 380
| 555
| 895
| 105
| 115
| 230
| 60
| 50
| 45
| 75
| 30
| '''2,720'''
| '''''40,800'''''
| '''6.67%'''
|-
| [[Nova Scotia]]<ref name="statcan2"/>
| '''825,055'''
| 4,965
| 6,050
| 20,790
| 1,890
| 1,360
| 6,290
| 1,155
| 1,365
| 960
| 445
| 720
| 1,290
| '''47,270'''
| '''''906,175'''''
| '''5.22%'''
|-
| [[Nunavut]]<ref name="statcan3"/>
| '''3,825'''
| 95
| 65
| 120
| 130
| 25
| 15
| 30
| 0
| 10
| 0
| 10
| 0
| '''510'''
| '''''31,700'''''
| '''1.61%'''
|-
| [[Ontario]]<ref name="statcan4"/>
| '''9,070,800'''
| 965,990
| 629,140
| 539,205
| 275,380
| 172,560
| 151,645
| 137,875
| 122,530
| 78,290
| 29,085
| 81,130
| 96,735
| '''3,279,565'''
| '''''12,651,795'''''
| '''25.92%'''
|-
| [[Prince Edward Island]]<ref name="statcan5"/>
| '''130,890'''
| 485
| 1,830
| 390
| 85
| 235
| 200
| 205
| 345
| 140
| 210
| 75
| 70
| '''4,260'''
| '''''137,380'''''
| '''3.10%'''
|-
| [[Quebec]]<ref name="statcan6"/>
| '''6,740,375'''
| 83,320
| 82,845
| 243,625
| 31,495
| 116,380
| 166,260
| 65,855
| 23,445
| 6,665
| 4,025
| 8,895
| 17,420
| '''850,235'''
| '''''7,732,525'''''
| '''11.00%'''
|-
| [[Saskatchewan]]<ref name="statcan7"/>
| '''787,745'''
| 12,325
| 11,300
| 7,255
| 16,025
| 3,250
| 2,095
| 4,910
| 1,600
| 1,270
| 720
| 745
| 1,775
| '''63,275'''
| '''''1,008,760'''''
| '''6.27%'''
|-
| [[Yukon]]<ref name="statcan8"/>
| '''23,590'''
| 365
| 400
| 100
| 675
| 110
| 0
| 210
| 0
| 0
| 80
| 35
| 35
| '''2,025'''
| '''''33,320'''''
| '''6.08%'''
|-
! [[Canada]]<ref name="statcan9"/>
! 25,186,890
! 1,567,400
! 1,324,750
! 945,665
! 619,310
! 381,280
! 380,620
! 312,075
! 206,840
! 161,130
! 87,270
! 106,475
! 171,935
! 6,264,750
! ''32,852,325''
! 19.07%
|}
</div>

==== By city over 100,000 ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Visible minority in Canadian cities over 100,000 people, 2016<ref name="NHS Profiles"/>
!City
!Population
!Visible minority
![[Black Canadians|Black]]
![[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]
![[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
![[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
![[Southeast Asia]]n
![[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]]
![[Arab Canadians|Arab]] 
![[Multiracial]]
!Other
|-
|[[Toronto]]
|2,731,571 
|'''51.5%'''
|8.9%
|13.2%
|2.9%
|12.6% 
|7.2%
|2.2%
|1.3%
|1.8%
|1.4%
|-
|[[Montreal]]
|1,704,694
|'''34.2%'''
|10.3%
|3.7%
|4.1%
|3.3%
|3.5%
|0.9%
|7.3%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Calgary]]
|1,239,220
|'''36.2%'''
|4.2%
|8.5%
|2.1%
|9.5%
|7.3%
|1.0%
|2.0%
|1.1%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Ottawa]]
|934,243
|'''26.3%'''
|6.6%
|5.1%
|1.2%
|4.2%
|2.7%
|1.0%
|4.5%
|0.9%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Edmonton]]
|932,546
|'''37.1%'''
|5.9%
|7.3%
|1.9%
|9.5%
|7.7%
|0.7%
|2.6%
|1.1%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Mississauga]]
|721,599
|'''57.2%'''
|6.6%
|8.7%
|2.3%
|23.2%
|7.2%
|1.1%
|5.1%
|1.9%
|1.3%
|-
|[[Winnipeg]]
|705,224
|'''28.0%'''
|3.9%
|3.6%
|1.0%
|5.4%
|11.8%
|0.4%
|0.7%
|0.9%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Vancouver]]
|631,486
|'''51.6%'''
|1.0%
|30.2%
|1.8%
|6.0%
|8.7%
|1.4%
|0.5%
|1.8%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Brampton]]
|593,638
|'''73.3%'''
|13.9%
|1.7%
|2.4%
|44.3%
|4.8%
|0.9%
|1.0%
|1.6%
|2.7%
|-
|[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]
|536,917
|'''19.0%'''
|3.8%
|2.5%
|1.6%
|4.2%
|2.8%
|0.9%
|2.0%
|0.7%
|0.5%
|-
|[[Quebec City]]
|531,902
|'''6.4%'''
|2.4%
|0.5%
|1.3%
|0.3%
|0.5%
|0.1%
|1.2%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Surrey, British Columbia|Surrey]]
|517,887
|'''58.5%'''
|1.8%
|7.8%
|1.4%
|32.8%
|8.8%
|0.7%
|1.1%
|1.2%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Laval, Quebec|Laval]]
|422,993
|'''26.1%'''
|7.8%
|1.0%
|3.1%
|2.1%
|2.1%
|1.0%
|8.2%
|0.3%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]]
|403,131
|'''11.4%'''
|3.8%
|2.2%
|0.3%
|1.6%
|0.9%
|0.3%
|1.8%
|0.3%
|0.1%
|-
|[[London, Ontario|London]]
|383,822
|'''19.9%'''
|3.0%
|3.8%
|2.4%
|3.1%
|2.1%
|0.9%
|3.6%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]
|328,966
|'''77.9%'''
|2.9%
|46.8%
|0.5%
|17.8%
|3.8%
|2.4%
|1.0%
|2.1%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Vaughan]]
|306,233
|'''35.4%'''
|2.7%
|8.7%
|2.4%
|10.1%
|5.1%
|2.9%
|1.4%
|1.4%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Gatineau]]
|276,245
|'''13.5%'''
|6.1%
|1.0%
|1.5%
|0.4%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|3.1%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Longueuil]]
|239,700
|'''18.6%'''
|7.0%
|1.4%
|3.1%
|0.8%
|1.3%
|0.8%
|3.2%
|0.4%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Burnaby]]
|232,755
|'''63.6%'''
|1.6%
|38.9%
|2.0%
|8.1%
|7.7%
|2.2%
|0.7%
|2.1%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Saskatoon]]
|246,376
|'''19.8%'''
|2.2%
|3.6%
|0.8%
|5.5%
|5.4%
|0.5%
|1.0%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|233,222
|'''21.8%'''
|4.1%
|2.6%
|2.6%
|5.0%
|2.9%
|1.2%
|1.8%
|0.8%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]]
|217,188
|'''26.9%'''
|5.0%
|3.6%
|1.2%
|4.5%
|3.0%
|0.6%
|7.5%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]]
|215,106
|'''19.2%'''
|3.0%
|6.2%
|0.6%
|5.9%
|5.2%
|0.3%
|0.7%
|0.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Richmond, British Columbia|Richmond]]
|198,309
|'''76.3%'''
|0.6%
|55.6%
|0.8%
|7.3%
|7.9%
|0.6%
|0.8%
|2.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]]
|195,022
|'''60.0%'''
|2.0%
|32.5%
|0.8%
|7.7%
|2.7%
|10.4%
|1.8%
|1.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]]
|193,832
|'''30.8%'''
|2.9%
|9.0%
|1.9%
|8.9%
|2.4%
|1.1%
|3.2%
|1.0%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
|183,314
|'''16.0%'''
|2.1%
|2.9%
|1.3%
|4.8%
|2.0%
|0.6%
|1.4%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Greater Sudbury]]
|161,531
|'''3.8%'''
|0.9%
|0.7%
|0.2%
|0.9%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Sherbrooke]]
|161,323
|'''7.3%'''
|2.2%
|0.4%
|1.7%
|0.3%
|0.4%
|0.8%
|1.2%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Oshawa]]
|159,458
|'''16.0%'''
|5.5%
|2.0%
|0.8%
|3.8%
|1.6%
|0.4%
|0.6%
|0.8%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Saguenay, Quebec|Saguenay]]
|145,949
|'''1.4%'''
|0.5%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Lévis, Quebec|Lévis]]
|143,414
|'''2.2%'''
|0.7%
|0.3%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|0.4%
|0.0%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Barrie]]
|141,434
|'''10.3%'''
|2.7%
|1.8%
|1.1%
|2.2%
|1.4%
|0.2%
|0.3%
|0.4%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Abbotsford, British Columbia|Abbotsford]]
|141,397
|'''33.7%'''
|1.0%
|3.0%
|0.8%
|25.5%
|2.2%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|0.5%
|0.2%
|-
|[[St. Catharines]]
|133,113
|'''12.7%'''
|2.9%
|2.7%
|1.7%
|1.4%
|1.8%
|0.3%
|1.1%
|0.7%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Trois-Rivières]]
|134,413
|'''3.5%'''
|1.4%
|0.3%
|0.8%
|0.1%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|0.6%
|0.0%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Cambridge, Ontario|Cambridge]]
|129,920
|'''15.6%'''
|2.5%
|1.4%
|1.3%
|6.2%
|2.1%
|0.3%
|0.8%
|0.4%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Coquitlam]]
|139,284
|'''50.2%'''
|1.1%
|29.3%
|1.6%
|4.5%
|5.2%
|5.6%
|1.0%
|1.7%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]]
|123,798
|'''9.7%'''
|1.5%
|2.7%
|0.7%
|2.0%
|1.1%
|0.4%
|0.8%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]]
|128,377
|'''25.3%'''
|8.0%
|3.1%
|1.1%
|6.6%
|2.4%
|1.0%
|0.8%
|1.5%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Guelph]]
|131,794
|'''18.8%'''
|2.2%
|3.6%
|1.0%
|5.0%
|4.1%
|1.2%
|0.6%
|0.9%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Kelowna]]
|127,380
|'''9.5%'''
|0.8%
|2.9%
|0.6%
|2.6%
|1.6%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Saanich, British Columbia|Saanich]]
|114,148
|'''22.1%'''
|1.0%
|10.5%
|0.7%
|5.0%
|3.0%
|0.4%
|0.6%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Ajax, Ontario|Ajax]]
|119,677
|'''56.7%'''
|16.7%
|3.2%
|1.4%
|20.9%
|5.3%
|2.4%
|1.7%
|2.4%
|2.7%
|-
|[[Thunder Bay]]
|107,909
|'''4.5%'''
|0.6%
|1.1%
|0.3%
|0.9%
|0.8%
|0.2%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Terrebonne, Quebec|Terrebonne]]
|111,575
|'''11.8%'''
|4.5%
|0.4%
|1.7%
|0.1%
|0.6%
|0.1%
|1.7%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]]
|108,860
|'''7.0%'''
|1.4%
|1.6%
|0.5%
|1.5%
|0.7%
|0.2%
|1.0%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)|Langley]]
|117,285
|'''18.7%'''
|1.0%
|8.0%
|0.9%
|4.4%
|3.0%
|0.3%
|0.3%
|0.5%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Chatham-Kent]]
|101,647
|'''4.6%'''
|2.1%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|0.6%
|0.5%
|0.0%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Milton, Ontario|Milton]]
|110,128
|'''42.8%'''
|4.8%
|3.1%
|2.4%
|21.0%
|4.7%
|0.9%
|3.5%
|1.4%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]]
|104,986
|'''26.4%'''
|1.9%
|10.6%
|1.4%
|6.4%
|1.7%
|1.1%
|1.8%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Delta, British Columbia|Delta]]
|102,238
|'''36.0%'''
|0.8%
|9.2%
|0.8%
|20.3%
|3.2%
|0.3%
|0.3%
|0.8%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Red Deer, Alberta|Red Deer]]
|100,418
|'''15.5%'''
|1.8%
|1.8%
|1.8%
|1.7%
|7.0%
|0.4%
|0.5%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|}

=== Aboriginal population ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
|+ Aboriginal population in Canada, 1996–2016 censuses
! rowspan="2"| Group
! colspan="2" | 1996<ref name=1996censusAboriginal>[http://www.statcan.gc.ca/c1996-r1996/jan13-13jan/c1996-r1996-eng.pdf Statistics Canada], Population by Aboriginal Groups and Sex, Showing Age Groups, for Canada, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)</ref>
! colspan="2" | 2001<ref name="2001censusprofile">[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Statistics Canada], Community Highlights for Canada</ref>
! colspan="2" | 2006<ref name="2006 Canada Census Profile">[http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Statistics Canada], 2006 Community Profiles: Canada (Country)</ref> 
! colspan="2" | 2011<ref name="2011NHSprofile">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], NHS Profile, Canada, 2011</ref>
! colspan="2" | 2016<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=110588&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=122&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=|title=Aboriginal Identity (9), Age (20), Registered or Treaty Indian Status (3) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada|date=October 25, 2017|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|- style="background:#e0e0e0;"
! % !! Total !! % !! Total !! % !! Total !! % !! Total !! % !! Total
|-
|align="left"|'''Total Aboriginal'''
|'''2.8%'''
|'''799,005'''
|'''3.3%''' 
|'''976,305'''
|'''3.8%''' 
|'''1,172,785'''
|'''4.3%'''
|'''1,400,685'''
|'''4.9%'''
|'''1,673,780'''
|-
|align="left"|[[First Nations]]
|1.8% 
|529,040
|2.1%
|608,850
|2.2%
|698,025
|2.6% 
|851,560
|2.8%
|977,230
|-
|align="left"|[[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
|0.7%
|204,115
|1.0%
|292,305
|1.2%
|389,780
|1.4% 
|451,795
|1.7%
|587,545
|-
|align="left"|[[Inuit people|Inuit]]
|0.14%
|40,220 
|
| 
|0.16%
|50,485
|0.2%
|59,445
|0.2%
|65,025
|}

''Note: Inuit, other Aboriginal and mixed Aboriginal groups are not listed as their own, but they are all accounted for in total Aboriginal''

==== By province and territory ====

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Aboriginal population by province and territory, 2011<ref name="NHS Profiles">{{Cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/index-eng.cfm|title=Census Program|last=Canada|first=Government of Canada, Statistics|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-04-12}}</ref>
! Province/territory
! Not Aboriginal
! [[First Nations]]
! [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
! [[Inuit]]
! [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal]], {{abbr|n.i.e.|Not included elsewhere}}
! Multiple Aboriginal identities
! Total Aboriginal population
! ''Total population''
|-
| [[Alberta]]<ref name="Statistics Canada">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Alberta&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''2,690,960'''
| 116,670
| 96,870
| 1,985
| 3,300
| 1,870
| '''220,695'''
| '''''3,567,980'''''
|-
| [[British Columbia]]<ref name="www12.statcan.gc.ca">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=59&Data=Count&SearchText=British%20Columbia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''2,911,295'''
| 155,020
| 69,475
| 1,570
| 3,745
| 2,480
| '''232,290'''
| '''''4,324,455'''''
|-
| [[Manitoba]]<ref name="ReferenceA">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=46&Data=Count&SearchText=Manitoba&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''824,830'''
| 114,225
| 78,830
| 580
| 1,055
| 1,200
| '''195,895'''
| '''''1,174,350'''''
|-
| [[New Brunswick]]<ref name="ReferenceB">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=13&Data=Count&SearchText=New%20Brunswick&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''696,080'''
| 16,120
| 4,850
| 485
| 1,020
| 150
| '''22,620'''
| '''''735,835'''''
|-
| [[Newfoundland and Labrador]]<ref name="ReferenceC">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=10&Data=Count&SearchText=Newfoundland%20and%20Labrador&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''464,540'''
| 19,315
| 7,660
| 6,265
| 2,300
| 260
| '''35,800'''
| '''''507,270'''''
|-
| [[Northwest Territories]]<ref name="statcan1">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Northwest%20Territories&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''16,920'''
| 13,350
| 3,250
| 4,335
| 185
| 45
| '''21,160'''
| '''''40,800'''''
|-
| [[Nova Scotia]]<ref name="statcan2">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=12&Data=Count&SearchText=Nova%20Scotia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''825,055'''
| 21,895
| 10,050
| 695
| 980
| 225
| '''33,850'''
| '''''906,175'''''
|-
| [[Nunavut]]<ref name="statcan3">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=62&Data=Count&SearchText=Nunavut&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''3,825'''
| 125
| 130
| 27,070
| 15
| 20
| '''27,365'''
| '''''31,700'''''
|-
| [[Ontario]]<ref name="statcan4">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Ontario&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''9,070,800'''

| 201,100
| 86,020
| 3,355
| 8,040
| 2,910
| '''301,430'''
| '''''12,651,795'''''
|-
| [[Prince Edward Island]]<ref name="statcan5">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=11&Data=Count&SearchText=Prince%20Edward%20Island&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''130,890'''

| 1,520
| 410
| 55
| 235
| 0
| '''2,230'''
| '''''137,380'''''
|-
| [[Quebec]]<ref name="statcan6">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Quebec&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''6,740,375'''

| 82,425
| 40,960
| 12,570
| 4,415
| 1,545
| '''141,915'''
| '''''7,732,525'''''
|-
| [[Saskatchewan]]<ref name="statcan7">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=47&Data=Count&SearchText=Saskatchewan&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''787,745'''

| 103,205
| 52,450
| 290
| 1,120
| 675
| '''157,740'''
| '''''1,008,760'''''
|-
| [[Yukon]]<ref name="statcan8">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=60&Data=Count&SearchText=Yukon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
| '''23,590'''

| 6,585
| 845
| 175
| 70
| 25
| '''7,705'''
| '''''33,320'''''
|-
! [[Canada]]<ref name="statcan9">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
! 25,186,890
! 851,560
! 451,795
! 59,440
! 26,475
! 11,415
! 1,400,685
! ''32,852,325''
|}
All statistics are from the [[Canada 2011 Census]].

==== By city over 100,000 ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Aboriginal population in Canadian cities over 100,000 people, 2011<ref name="NHS Profiles"/>
!City
!Population
![[European Canadians|European]]
!Total Aboriginal
![[First Nations]]
![[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
|-
|[[Toronto]]
|2,576,025 
|50.2%
|'''0.7%'''
|0.5%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Montreal]]
|1,612,640
|67.7%
|'''0.6%'''
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Calgary]]
|1,082,235
|67.3%
|'''2.7%'''
|1.2%
|1.4%
|-
|[[Ottawa]]
|867,090
|74.2%
|'''2.1%'''
|1.2%
|0.7%
|-
|[[Edmonton]]
|795,675
|64.7%
|'''5.3%'''
|2.4%
|2.7%
|-
|[[Mississauga]]
|708,725
|45.8%
|'''0.5%'''
|0.3%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Winnipeg]]
|649,995
|66.9%
|'''11.7%'''
|5.9%
|6.3%
|-
|[[Vancouver]]
|590,210
|46.2%
|'''2.0%'''
|1.3%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Brampton]]
|521,315
|32.9%
|'''0.7%'''
|0.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]
|509,640
|82.3%
|'''2.0%'''
|1.6%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Quebec City]]
|502,595
|95.0%
|'''0.9%'''
|0.5%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Surrey, British Columbia|Surrey]]
|463,340
|44.5%
|'''2.9%'''
|1.9%
|1.0%
|-
|[[Laval, Quebec|Laval]]
|392,725
|78.7%
|'''0.6%'''
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]]
|384,330
|88.4%
|'''2.5%'''
|1.5%
|0.8%
|-
|[[London, Ontario|London]]
|360,715
|82.0%
|'''1.9%'''
|1.4%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]
|300,135
|27.5%
|'''0.2%'''
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Vaughan]]
|286,305
|68.4%
|'''0.2%'''
|0.1%
||0.0%
|-
|[[Gatineau]]
|261,665
|86.2%
|'''3.5%'''
|1.8%
|1.5%
|-
|[[Longueuil]]
|227,970
|84.8%
|'''1.0%'''
|0.6%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Burnaby]]
|220,255
|39.1%
|'''1.5%'''
|0.9%
|0.5%
|-
|[[Saskatoon]]
|218,315
|77.4%
|'''10.2%'''
|4.9%
|4.6%
|-
|[[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|215,950
|80.1%
|'''1.5%'''
|0.9%
|0.5%
|-
|[[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]]
|208,015
|74.8%
|'''2.3%'''
|1.3%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]]
|189,740
|78.6%
|'''9.9%'''
|5.8%
|3.9%
|-
|[[Richmond, British Columbia|Richmond]]
|189,305
|28.6%
|'''1.0%'''
|0.7%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]]
|184,370
|46.9%
|'''0.2%'''
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]]
|180,430
|77.2%
|'''0.6%'''
|0.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
|173,495
|87.1%
|'''0.9%'''
|0.5%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Greater Sudbury]]
|157,765
|89.1%

|'''8.2%'''
|3.8%
|4.1%
|-
|[[Sherbrooke]]
|150,255
|93.6%
|'''0.9%'''
|0.5%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Oshawa]]
|147,680
|88.7%
|'''2.0%'''
|1.2%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Saguenay, Quebec|Saguenay]]
|141,335
|96.6%
|'''2.5%'''
|0.8%
|1.6%
|-
|[[Lévis, Quebec|Lévis]]
|135,835
|98.0%
|'''0.5%'''
|0.2%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Barrie]]
|133,240
|89.8%
|'''2.6%'''
|1.4%
|1.2%
|-
|[[Abbotsford, British Columbia|Abbotsford]]
|130,950
|66.5%
|'''4.0%'''
|2.5%
|1.6%
|-
|[[St. Catharines]]
|128,770
|88.3%
|'''1.9%'''
|1.2%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Trois-Rivières]]
|126,980
|96.3%
|'''1.1%'''
|0.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Cambridge, Ontario|Cambridge]]
|125,060
|85.4%
|'''2.0%'''
|1.2%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Coquitlam]]
|125,015
|54.1%
|'''2.1%'''
|1.1%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]]
|118,930
|89.7%
|'''2.9%'''
|2.0%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]]
|120,285
|79.5%
|'''1.2%'''
|0.7%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Guelph]]
|120,550
|82.7%
|'''1.6%'''
|1.0%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Kelowna]]
|114,570
|87.9%
|'''4.5%'''
|2.1%
|2.3%
|-
|[[Saanich, British Columbia|Saanich]]
|107,855
|79.3%
|'''2.7%'''
|1.5%
|1.1%
|-
|[[Ajax, Ontario|Ajax]]
|109,220
|53.2%
|'''1.0%'''
|0.7%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Thunder Bay]]
|105,950
|87.1%
|'''9.5%'''
|7.3%
|2.0%
|-
|[[Terrebonne, Quebec|Terrebonne]]
|105,610
|91.7%
|'''0.7%'''
|0.5%
|0.1%
|-
|[[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]]
|103,905
|93.3%
|'''2.6%'''
|1.2%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)|Langley]]
|103,145
|83.2%
|'''3.4%'''
|1.6%
|1.7%
|-
|[[Chatham-Kent]]
|101,680
|93.2%
|'''2.9%'''
|1.7%
|0.9%
|}

===Future projections===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Ethnic origin by regional group
!rowspan=2|Group
!colspan=2|2016<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Ethnic%20origin&TABID=1|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census|access-date=19 October 2018}}</ref>
!colspan=2|2036<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/91-551-x/2017001/tbl/tbl_05-eng.htm |title=Population (in thousands) by visible minority group, Canada, 2011 (estimated) and 2036 |access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/91-552-x/91-552-x2015001-eng.pdf |title=Projections of the Aboriginal Population and Households in Canada 2011 to 2036|access-date=2018-10-19}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!% of 2016 population (34,460,065)
!Number
!% of 2036 estimated population (43,816,000)
|-
| class="nowrap"|[[European Canadians|European]] origins
|25,111,695
|72.9%
|26,113,000
|59.6%
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]] and [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]] origins
|2,712,175
|7.9%
|5,672,000
|13.0%
|-
|[[East Asian Canadians|East]] and [[Southeast Asia]]n origins
|3,144,210
|9.1%
|5,517,000
|12.6%
|-
| class="nowrap"|[[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal]] origins
|1,673,785
|4.9%
|2,633,000 
|6.0%
|-
|[[African Canadians|African]] origins
|1,198,540
|3.5%
|2,349,000
|5.4%
|-
|[[Latin American Canadians|Latin, Central and South American]] origins
|780,125
|1.3%
|865,000
|2.0%
|-
|Other
|364,465
|1.1%
|666,000
|1.5%
|-
|colspan=5|*Percentages total over 100% due to multiple responses, e.g. German-Indian, Norwegian-Irish.
|}

==Languages==
{{Main|Languages of Canada}}
{{bar box
|title=Languages in Canada
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Language
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[English language|English]]|red|58}}
{{bar percent|[[French language|French]]|blue|22}}
{{bar percent|English and French|purple|11}}
{{bar percent|others|gray|9}}
}}

'''[[Language]] used most often at work:'''<ref name=languagesatwork2006>[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=92002&PRID=0&PTYPE=88971,97154&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&THEME=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= Statistics Canada – Language used at work1 by frequency of language used at work and mother tongue, 2006 counts]</ref>
* [[English language|English]]: 78.3%
* [[French language|French]]: 21.7%
* Non-official languages: 2%

'''Languages by [[home language|language used most often at home]]:'''<ref>The percentage figures cited are the top languages spoken as a [[home language]] in Canada, shown as a percentage of total single responses. Source: Statistics Canada, ''2006 Census Profile of Federal Electoral Districts (2003 Representation Order): Language, Mobility and Migration and Immigration and Citizenship.'' Ottawa, 2007, pp. 6–10. Data available online at: {{cite web
| url = http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=0&LANG=E&A=R&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=01&GID=837928&GK=1&GRP=1&O=D&PID=94817&PRID=0&PTYPE=88971,97154&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=702&Temporal=2006&THEME=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0
| title = Detailed Language Spoken Most Often at Home
| date = April 8, 2008
| work = 2006 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations
| publisher = Statistics Canada
| access-date = January 15, 2010
}}</ref>
* [[English language|English]]: 67.1%
* [[French language|French]]: 21.5%
* Non-official languages: 11.4%

'''Languages by mother tongue:'''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
![[First language]]
!Population ([[Canada 2016 Census|2016]])
!% of total population (2016)
!Population ([[Canada 2011 Census|2011]])
!% of total population (2011)
!Population ([[Canada 2006 Census|2006]])
!% of total population (2006)
!Notes
|-
|[[Monolingualism|Single language]] responses||33,947,610||{{Percentage |33947610|34767250|2 }}||32,481,635||{{Percentage |32481635|33121175|2 }}||30,848,270||{{Percentage |30848270|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Official language]]s||26,627,545||{{Percentage |26627545|34767250|2 }}||25,913,955||{{Percentage |25913955|33121175|2 }}||24,700,425||{{Percentage |24700425|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[English language|English]]||19,460,855||{{Percentage |19460855|34767250|2 }}||18,858,980||{{Percentage |18858980|33121175|2 }}||17,882,775||{{Percentage |17882775|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[French language|French]]||7,166,700||{{Percentage |7166700|34767250|2 }}||7,054,975||{{Percentage |7054975|33121175|2 }}||6,817,650||{{Percentage |6817650|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|Non-official languages||7,321,070||{{Percentage |7321070|34767250|2 }}||6,567,680||{{Percentage |6567680|33121175|2 }}||6,147,840||{{Percentage |6147840|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Chinese language|Combined Chinese Responses]] ||1,227,680||{{Percentage |1227680|34767250|2 }}||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||Combined responses of Mandarin, Cantonese, Chinese n.o.s. and Min Nan
|-
|[[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]] ([[Standard Chinese]])||592,035||{{Percentage |592035|34767250|2 }}||248,705||{{Percentage |248705|33121175|2 }}||170,950||{{Percentage |170950|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Cantonese]]||565,275||{{Percentage |565275|34767250|2 }}||372,460||{{Percentage |372460|33121175|2 }}||361,450||{{Percentage |361450|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]||501,680||{{Percentage |501680|34767250|2 }}||430,705||{{Percentage |430705|33121175|2 }}||367,505||{{Percentage |367505|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Spanish language|Spanish]]||458,850||{{Percentage |458850|34767250|2 }}||410,670||{{Percentage |410670|33121175|2 }}||345,345||{{Percentage |345345|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Tagalog language|Tagalog (Filipino)]]||431,385||{{Percentage |431385|34767250|2 }}||327,445||{{Percentage |327445|33121175|2 }}||235,615||{{Percentage |235615|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Arabic]]||419,895||{{Percentage |419895|34767250|2 }}||327,870||{{Percentage |327870|33121175|2 }}||261,640||{{Percentage |261640|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[German language|German]]||384,040||{{Percentage |384040|34767250|2 }}||409,200||{{Percentage |409200|33121175|2 }}||450,570||{{Percentage |450570|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Italian language|Italian]]||375,645||{{Percentage |375645|34767250|2 }}||407,485||{{Percentage |407485|33121175|2 }}||455,040||{{Percentage |455040|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]||321,465||{{Percentage |321465|34767250|2 }}||263,345||{{Percentage |263345|33121175|2 }}||224,045||{{Percentage |224045|31241030|2 }}|| Combined responses of Hindi and Urdu
|-
|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]||221,535||{{Percentage |221535|34767250|2 }}||211,335||{{Percentage |211335|33121175|2 }}||219,275||{{Percentage |219275|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Persian language|Persian]] (Farsi)||214,200||{{Percentage |214200|34767250|2 }}||170,045||{{Percentage |170045|33121175|2 }}||134,080||{{Percentage |134080|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Urdu]]||210,820||{{Percentage |210820|34767250|2 }}||172,800||{{Percentage |172800|33121175|2 }}||145,805||{{Percentage |145805|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Dravidian languages]]||189,405||{{Percentage |189405|34767250|2 }}||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||Combined responses of Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada.
|-
|[[Russian language|Russian]]||188,255||{{Percentage |188255|34767250|2 }}||164,330||{{Percentage |164330|33121175|2 }}||133,580||{{Percentage |133580|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Polish language|Polish]]||181,705||{{Percentage |181705|34767250|2 }}||191,645||{{Percentage |191645|33121175|2 }}||211,175||{{Percentage |211175|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]||156,430||{{Percentage |156430|34767250|2 }}||144,880||{{Percentage |144880|33121175|2 }}||141,625||{{Percentage |141625|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Korean language|Korean]]||153,425||{{Percentage |153425|34767250|2 }}||137,925||{{Percentage |137925|33121175|2 }}||125,570||{{Percentage |125570|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]||140,720||{{Percentage |140720|34767250|2 }}||131,265||{{Percentage |131265|33121175|2 }}||115,880||{{Percentage |115880|31241030|2 }}||Most of the [[Tamil Canadians|Canadian Tamils]] live in Toronto.
|-
|[[Hindi]]||110,645||{{Percentage |110645|34767250|2 }}||90,545||{{Percentage |90545|33121175|2 }}||78,240||{{Percentage |78240|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]||108,775||{{Percentage |108775|34767250|2 }}||91,450||{{Percentage |91450|33121175|2 }}||81,465||{{Percentage |81465|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Greek language|Greek]]||106,520||{{Percentage |106520|34767250|2 }}||108,925||{{Percentage |108925|33121175|2 }}||117,285||{{Percentage |117285|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]||102,485||{{Percentage |102485|34767250|2 }}||111,540||{{Percentage |111540|33121175|2 }}||134,500||{{Percentage |134500|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Dutch language|Dutch]]||99,015||{{Percentage |99015|34767250|2 }}||110,490||{{Percentage |110490|33121175|2 }}||128,900||{{Percentage |128900|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Romanian language|Romanian]]||96,660||{{Percentage |96660|34767250|2 }}||90,300||{{Percentage |90300|33121175|2 }}||78,495||{{Percentage |78495|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]||73,125||{{Percentage |73125|34767250|2 }}||59,370||{{Percentage |59370|33121175|2 }}||45,685||{{Percentage |45685|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Creole language|Creoles]]||72,130||{{Percentage |72130|34767250|2 }}||61,725||{{Percentage |61725|33121175|2 }}||53,515||{{Percentage |53515|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Cree language|Cree]], n.o.s.{{refn|group="nb"|name=nos|n.o.s. – not otherwise specified}}||64,045||{{Percentage |64045|34767250|2 }}||77,900||{{Percentage |77900|33121175|2 }}||78,855||{{Percentage |78855|31241030|2 }}||In the 2006 Census, this language was referred to simply as 'Cree'.
|-
|[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]||61,235||{{Percentage |61235|34767250|2 }}||67,920||{{Percentage |67920|33121175|2 }}||73,335||{{Percentage |73335|31241030|2 }}||The majority of [[Hungarian Canadians|Hungarian speakers]] in Canada live in Ontario. A community of Hungarian speakers is found within a part of [[Windsor, Ontario]].
|-
|[[Berber languages]] ([[Kabyle language|Kabyle]])||n/a||n/a||57,855||{{Percentage |57855|33121175|2 }}||25,578||{{Percentage |25578|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Serbian language|Serbian]]||57,345||{{Percentage |57345|34767250|2 }}||56,420||{{Percentage |56420|33121175|2 }}||51,665||{{Percentage |51665|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Croatian language|Croatian]]||48,200||{{Percentage |48200|34767250|2 }}||49,730||{{Percentage |49730|33121175|2 }}||55,330||{{Percentage |55330|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Japanese language|Japanese]]||43,640||{{Percentage |43640|34767250|2 }}||39,985||{{Percentage |39985|33121175|2 }}||40,200||{{Percentage |40200|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Chinese language|Chinese]], n.o.s.{{refn|group="nb"|name=nos}}||38,575||{{Percentage |38575|34767250|2 }}||425,210||{{Percentage |425210|33121175|2 }}||456,705||{{Percentage |456705|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Somali language|Somali]]||36,760||{{Percentage |36760|34767250|2 }}||31,380||{{Percentage |31380|33121175|2 }}||27,320||{{Percentage |27320|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Inuktitut]]||35,215||{{Percentage |35215|34767250|2 }}||33,500||{{Percentage |33500|33121175|2 }}||32,015||{{Percentage |32015|31241030|2 }}||In the 2006 Census, this language was referred to as 'Inuktitut, n.i.e.'.{{refn|group="nb"|name=nie}}
|-
|[[Armenian language|Armenian]]||33,455||{{Percentage |33455|34767250|2 }}||29,795||{{Percentage |29795|33121175|2 }}||30,130||{{Percentage |30130|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Turkish language|Turkish]]||32,815||{{Percentage |32815|34767250|2 }}||29,640||{{Percentage |29640|33121175|2 }}||24,745||{{Percentage |24745|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|Min Nan (Chaochow, [[Teochew dialect|Teochow]], Fukien, Taiwanese)||31,795||{{Percentage |31795|34767250|2 }}||n/a||n/a|||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Malayalam]]||28,570||{{Percentage |28570|34767250|2 }}||16,080||{{Percentage |16080|33121175|2 }}||11,925||{{Percentage |11925|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]||26,895||{{Percentage |26895|34767250|2 }}||23,820||{{Percentage |23820|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Ilocano language|Ilocano]]||26,345||{{Percentage |26345|34767250|2 }}||17,915||{{Percentage |17915|33121175|2 }}||13,450||{{Percentage |13450|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Amharic]]||22,465||{{Percentage |22465|34767250|2 }}||18,020||{{Percentage |18020|33121175|2 }}||14,555||{{Percentage |14555|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Czech language|Czech]]||22,295||{{Percentage |22295|34767250|2 }}||23,585||{{Percentage |23585|33121175|2 }}||24,450||{{Percentage |24450|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Khmer language|Khmer (Cambodian)]]||20,130||{{Percentage |20130|34767250|2 }}||19,440||{{Percentage |19440|33121175|2 }}||19,105||{{Percentage |19105|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]||20,020||{{Percentage |20020|34767250|2 }}||19,050||{{Percentage |19050|33121175|2 }}||16,790||{{Percentage |16790|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]||19,530||{{Percentage |19530|34767250|2 }}||18,450||{{Percentage |18450|33121175|2 }}||17,635||{{Percentage |17635|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Niger–Congo languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|group="nb"|name=nos}}||19,140||{{Percentage |19140|34767250|2 }}||14,075||{{Percentage |14075|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Nepali language|Nepali]]||18,275||{{Percentage |18275|34767250|2 }}||8,480||{{Percentage |8480|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Ojibwe language|Ojibway]]||17,885||{{Percentage |17885|34767250|2 }}||17,625||{{Percentage |17625|33121175|2 }}||24,190||{{Percentage |24190|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Slovak language|Slovak]]||17,585||{{Percentage |17585|34767250|2 }}||17,580||{{Percentage |17580|33121175|2 }}||18,820||{{Percentage |18820|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Pashto]]||16,910||{{Percentage |16910|34767250|2 }}||12,465||{{Percentage |12465|33121175|2 }}||9,025||{{Percentage |9025|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Macedonian language|Macedonian]]||16,770||{{Percentage |16770|34767250|2 }}||17,245||{{Percentage |17245|33121175|2 }}||18,435||{{Percentage |18435|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Tigrinya language|Tigrigna]]||16,650||{{Percentage |16650|34767250|2 }}||10,220||{{Percentage |10220|33121175|2 }}||7,105||{{Percentage |7105|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Sinhala language|Sinhala]]||16,335||{{Percentage |16335|34767250|2 }}||14,185||{{Percentage |14185|33121175|2 }}||10,180||{{Percentage |10180|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Visayan languages|Bisayan languages]]||n/a||n/a||16,240||{{Percentage |16240|33121175|2 }}||11,240||{{Percentage |11240|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]||15,655||{{Percentage |15655|34767250|2 }}||9,315||{{Percentage |9315|33121175|2 }}||6,625||{{Percentage |6625|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Finnish language|Finnish]]||15,295||{{Percentage |15295|34767250|2 }}||17,415||{{Percentage |17415|33121175|2 }}||21,030||{{Percentage |21030|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Yiddish]]||13,555||{{Percentage |13555|34767250|2 }}||15,205||{{Percentage |15205|33121175|2 }}||16,295||{{Percentage |16295|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Akan language|Akan (Twi)]]||13,460||{{Percentage |13460|34767250|2 }}||12,680||{{Percentage |12680|33121175|2 }}||12,780||{{Percentage |12780|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Swahili language|Swahili]]||13,375||{{Percentage |13375|34767250|2 }}||10,090||{{Percentage |10090|33121175|2 }}||7,935||{{Percentage |7935|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Wu Chinese|Wu]] (Shanghainese)||12,920||{{Percentage |12920|34767250|2 }}||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Oji-Cree language|Oji-Cree]]||12,855||{{Percentage |12855|34767250|2 }}||9,835||{{Percentage |9835|33121175|2 }}||11,690||{{Percentage |11690|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Lao language|Lao]]||12,670||{{Percentage |12670|34767250|2 }}||12,970||{{Percentage |12970|33121175|2 }}||13,940||{{Percentage |13940|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Danish language|Danish]]||12,630||{{Percentage |12630|34767250|2 }}||14,145||{{Percentage |14145|33121175|2 }}||18,735||{{Percentage |18735|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Malay language|Malay]]||12,275||{{Percentage |12275|34767250|2 }}||10,910||{{Percentage |10910|33121175|2 }}||9,490||{{Percentage |9490|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]||12,210||{{Percentage |12210|34767250|2 }}||11,685||{{Percentage |11685|33121175|2 }}||12,790||{{Percentage |12790|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]||11,860||{{Percentage |11860|34767250|2 }}||11,330||{{Percentage |11330|33121175|2 }}||10,355||{{Percentage |10355|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Kurdish languages|Kurdish]]||11,705||{{Percentage |11705|34767250|2 }}||9,805||{{Percentage |9805|33121175|2 }}||7,660||{{Percentage |7660|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]]||10,910||{{Percentage |10910|34767250|2 }}||5,115||{{Percentage |5115|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Chipewyan language|Dene]]||10,700||{{Percentage |10700|34767250|2 }}||11,215||{{Percentage |11215|33121175|2 }}||9,745||{{Percentage |9745|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Afrikaans]]||10,260||{{Percentage |10260|34767250|2 }}||8,770||{{Percentage |8770|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Innu language|Montagnais (Innu)]]||10,230||{{Percentage |10230|34767250|2 }}||10,785||{{Percentage |10785|33121175|2 }}||10,975||{{Percentage |10975|31241030|2 }}||In the 2006 Census, this language was referred to as 'Montagnais-[[Naskapi language|Naskapi]]'.
|-
|[[Slovene language|Slovenian]]||9,785||{{Percentage |9785|34767250|2 }}||10,775||{{Percentage |10775|33121175|2 }}||13,135||{{Percentage |13135|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Taiwanese Hokkien|Taiwanese]]||n/a||n/a||9,635||{{Percentage |9635|33121175|2 }}||9,620||{{Percentage |9620|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Serbo-Croatian]]||9,555||{{Percentage |9555|34767250|2 }}||10,155||{{Percentage |10155|33121175|2 }}||12,510||{{Percentage |12510|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Languages of Africa|African languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||n/a||n/a||9,125||{{Percentage |9125|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Thai language|Thai]]||9,255||{{Percentage |9255|34767250|2 }}||7,935||{{Percentage |7935|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Marathi language|Marathi]]||8,295||{{Percentage |8295|34767250|2 }}||5,830||{{Percentage |5830|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Bantu languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||n/a||n/a||7,150||{{Percentage |7150|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]||7,075||{{Percentage |7075|34767250|2 }}||7,245||{{Percentage |7245|33121175|2 }}||8,335||{{Percentage |8335|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Swedish language|Swedish]]||6,840||{{Percentage |6840|34767250|2 }}||7,350||{{Percentage |7350|33121175|2 }}||8,220||{{Percentage |8220|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Mi'kmaq language|Mi'kmaq]]||6,690||{{Percentage |6690|34767250|2 }}||7,635||{{Percentage |7635|33121175|2 }}||7,365||{{Percentage |7365|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|Tibetan||6,165||{{Percentage |6165|34767250|2 }}||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Atikamekw language|Atikamekw]]||6,150||{{Percentage |6150|34767250|2 }}||5,820||{{Percentage |5820|33121175|2 }}||5,250||{{Percentage |5250|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Canadian Gaelic]]||n/a||n/a||6,015||{{Percentage |6015|33121175|2 }}||6,015||{{Percentage |6015|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|Fukien ([[Fuzhou dialect]])||n/a||n/a||5,925||{{Percentage |5925|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|Rundi ([[Kirundi]])||5,845||{{Percentage |5845|34767250|2 }}||3,975||{{Percentage |3975|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Maltese language|Maltese]]||5,565||{{Percentage |5565|34767250|2 }}||6,220||{{Percentage |6220|33121175|2 }}||6,405||{{Percentage |6405|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Estonian language|Estonian]]||5,445||{{Percentage |5445|34767250|2 }}||6,385||{{Percentage |6385|33121175|2 }}||8,240||{{Percentage |8240|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Latvian language|Latvian]]||5,455||{{Percentage |5455|34767250|2 }}||6,200||{{Percentage |6200|33121175|2 }}||7,000||{{Percentage |7000|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Kinyarwanda]] (Rwanda)||5,250||{{Percentage |5250|34767250|2 }}||3,895||{{Percentage |3895|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Indo-Iranian languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||5,180||{{Percentage |5180|34767250|2 }}||5,255||{{Percentage |5255|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Oromo language|Oromo]]||4,960||{{Percentage |4960|34767250|2 }}||11,140||{{Percentage |11140|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Norwegian language|Norwegian]]||4,615||{{Percentage |4615|34767250|2 }}||5,800||{{Percentage |5800|33121175|2 }}||7,225||{{Percentage |7225|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Tibetic languages|Tibetan languages]]||n/a||n/a||4,640||{{Percentage |4640|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Sino-Tibetan languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||n/a||n/a||4,360||{{Percentage |4360|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Sign language]]s, n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||4,125||{{Percentage |4125|34767250|2 }}||3,815||{{Percentage |3815|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|Vlaams ([[Flemish]])||3,895||{{Percentage |3895|34767250|2 }}||4,690||{{Percentage |4690|33121175|2 }}||5,660||{{Percentage |5660|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Lingala]]||3,810||{{Percentage |3810|34767250|2 }}||3,085||{{Percentage |3085|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Burmese language|Burmese]]||3,585||{{Percentage |3585|34767250|2 }}||2,985||{{Percentage |2985|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Stoney language|Stoney]]||3,025||{{Percentage |3025|34767250|2 }}||3,050||{{Percentage |3050|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Shanghainese]]||n/a||n/a||2,920||{{Percentage |2920|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Blackfoot language|Blackfoot]]||2,815||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||3,085||{{Percentage |3085|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Slavic languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||2,420||{{Percentage |2420|34767250|2 }}||3,630||{{Percentage |3630|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Semitic languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|group="nb"|name=nie|n.i.e. – not included elsewhere}}||2,155||{{Percentage |2155|34767250|2 }}||16,970||{{Percentage |16970|33121175|2 }}||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Frisian languages|Frisian]]||2,095||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||2,890||{{Percentage |2890|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Dogrib language|Dogrib]] (Tlicho)||1,645||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||2,020||{{Percentage |2020|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Tibeto-Burman languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||1,405||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Siouan languages]] ([[Dakota language|Dakota]]/[[Sioux language|Sioux]])||1,265||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||5,585||{{Percentage |5585|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Algonquin language|Algonquin]]||1,260||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||1,920||{{Percentage |1920|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Scottish Gaelic]]||1,095||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Welsh language|Welsh]]||1,075||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Carrier language|Carrier]]||1,030||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||1,560||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Inuinnaqtun]] ([[Inuvialuktun]])||1,020||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||365||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Mohawk language|Mohawk]]||985||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||290||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Slavey language|South Slavey]]||950||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||1,605||{{Percentage |1605|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Gitxsan language|Gitxsan (Gitksan)]]||880||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||1,180||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Slavey language|North Slave (Hare)]]||765||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||1,065||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Chilcotin language|Chilcotin]]||655||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||1,070||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Celtic languages]], n.i.e.{{refn|name=nie|group="nb"}}||530||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Chipewyan language|Chipewyan]]||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||525||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Michif]]||465||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||n/a||n/a||
|-
|[[Shuswap language|Shuswap]] (Secwepemctsin)||445||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||935||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Nisga'a language|Nisga'a]]||400||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||680||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Malecite-Passamaquoddy language|Malecite]]||300||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||535||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Gwich’in language|Kutchin-Gwich’in (Loucheux)]]||260||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||360||<0.01%||
|-
|[[Tlingit language|Tlingit]]||95||<0.01%||n/a||n/a||80||<0.01%||
|-
|Other [[language]]s||n/a||n/a||77,890||{{Percentage |77890|33121175|1 }}||172,650||{{Percentage |172650|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|[[Multilingualism|Multiple language]] responses||818,640||{{Percentage |818640|34767250|2 }}||639,540||{{Percentage |639540|33121175|1 }}||392,760||{{Percentage |392760|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|English and French||165,335||{{Percentage |165335|34767250|2 }}||144,685||{{Percentage |144685|33121175|1 }}||98,630||{{Percentage |98630|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|English and a non-official language||533,260||{{Percentage |533260|34767250|2 }}||396,330||{{Percentage |396330|33121175|1 }}||240,005||{{Percentage |240005|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|French and a non-official language||86,145||{{Percentage |86145|34767250|2 }}||74,430||{{Percentage |74430|33121175|1 }}||43,335||{{Percentage |43335|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|English, French, and a non-official language||33,900||{{Percentage |33900|34767250|2 }}||24,095||{{Percentage |24095|33121175|2 }}||10,790||{{Percentage |10790|31241030|2 }}||
|-
|Total<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census – Canada|date=August 2, 2017|website=Statistics Canada}}</ref><ref>[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1#Note20 Census Profile – Province/Territory, Note 20]</ref><ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=1&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=89202&PRID=0&PTYPE=88971,97154&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&THEME=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= Topic-based tabulations|Detailed Mother Tongue (103), Knowledge of Official Languages], [[Canada 2006 Census|2006 Census of Canada]]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701114242/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=1&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=89202&PRID=0&PTYPE=88971%2C97154&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&THEME=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |date=July 1, 2013 }}</ref>||34,767,250||{{Percentage |34767250|34767250|2 }}||33,121,175||{{Percentage |33121175|33121175|1 }}||31,241,030||{{Percentage |31241030|31241030|2 }}||
|}
{{reflist|group=nb}}

==Religion==
{{See also|Religion in Canada}}
Statistics Canada (StatCan) grouped responses to the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) question on religion into nine core religious categories – [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], [[Christianity|Christian]], [[Hinduism in Canada|Hindu]], [[Judaism|Jewish]], [[Islam|Muslim]], [[Sikhism|Sikh]], Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality, other religions and no religious affiliation.<ref name=2011NHSreligion>{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=Religion&B1=All&Custom=&amp;TABID=1 | title=NHS Profile, Canada, 2011 | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=November 27, 2015 | access-date=November 15, 2016}}</ref> Among these, {{percentage|22102745|32852320}} of Canadians were self-identified as Christians in 2011.<ref name=2011NHSreligiondetailed/> The second, third, and fourth-largest categories were of Canadians with no religious affiliation at {{percentage|7850605|32852320}}, [[Islam in Canada|Canadian Muslims]] at {{percentage|1053945|32852320}}, and [[Hinduism in Canada|Canadian Hindus]] at {{percentage|497965|32852320}}.<ref name=2011NHSreligiondetailed/>

Within the 2011 NHS results, StatCan further subcategorized Christianity in nine groups of its own – [[Anglican Church of Canada|Anglican]], [[Baptist]], [[Roman Catholicism|Catholic]], [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Christian Orthodox]], [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]], [[Pentecostal]], [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]], [[United Church of Canada|United Church]] and Other Christian.<ref name=2011NHSreligion/> Among these, {{percentage|12810705|32852320}} of Canadians were self-identified as Catholic in 2011.<ref name=2011NHSreligiondetailed/> The second and third-largest ungrouped subcategories of Christian Canadians were United at {{percentage|2007610|32852320}} and Anglican at {{percentage|1631845|32852320}}, while {{percentage|3036780|32852320}} of Christians were grouped into the Other Christian subcategory comprising numerous denominations.<ref name=2011NHSreligiondetailed/>

Of the 3,036,785 or {{percentage|1631845|32852320}} of Canadians identified as Other Christians:<!--list includes those singular denominations of 100,000 or more--><ref name=2011NHSreligiondetailed/>
*105,365 ({{percentage|105365|32852320|1}} of Canadians) were identified as [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church);
*137,775 ({{percentage|137775|32852320|1}} of Canadians) were identified as [[Jehovah's Witnesses|Jehovah's Witness]];
*175,880 ({{percentage|175880|32852320|1}} of Canadians) were identified as [[Mennonite]];
*550,965 ({{percentage|550965|32852320|1}} of Canadians) were identified as [[Protestant]]; and
*102,830 ({{percentage|102830|32852320|1}} of Canadians) were identified as [[Reformed Christianity|Reformed]].

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"
!colspan=3 |Religion status of the Canadian Population in 2011<ref name=2011NHSreligiondetailed>{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=105399&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=95&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= | title=Tabulation: Religion (108), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=January 7, 2016 | access-date=November 15, 2016}}</ref>
|-
!scope="col"| Religion
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Total
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Percent
|-
|scope="row"| [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] ||align=center| {{nts|366830}} ||align=center| {{percentage|366830|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| [[Christianity|Christian]] ||align=center| {{nts|22102745}} ||align=center| {{percentage|22102745|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Anglican Church of Canada|Anglican]] ||align=center| {{nts|1631845}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1631845|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Baptist]] ||align=center| {{nts|635840}} ||align=center| {{percentage|635840|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic]] ||align=center| {{nts|12810705}} ||align=center| {{percentage|12810705|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Christian Orthodox]] ||align=center| {{nts|550690}} ||align=center| {{percentage|550690|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] ||align=center| {{nts|478185}} ||align=center| {{percentage|478185|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Pentecostal]] ||align=center| {{nts|478705}} ||align=center| {{percentage|478705|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] ||align=center| {{nts|472385}} ||align=center| {{percentage|472385|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[United Church of Canada|United Church]] ||align=center| {{nts|2007610}} ||align=center| {{percentage|2007610|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other Christian ||align=center| {{nts|3036785}} ||align=center| {{percentage|3036785|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| [[Hinduism in Canada|Hindu]] ||align=center| {{nts|497960}} ||align=center| {{percentage|497960|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| [[Judaism|Jewish]] ||align=center| {{nts|329500}} ||align=center| {{percentage|329500|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| [[Islam|Muslim]] ||align=center| {{nts|1053945}} ||align=center| {{percentage|1053945|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| [[Sikhism|Sikh]] ||align=center| {{nts|454965}} ||align=center| {{percentage|454965|32852320}}
|-
|scope="row"| Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality ||align=center| {{nts|64940}} ||align=center| {{percentage|64940|32852320|sigfig=1}}
|-
|scope="row"| Other religions ||align=center| {{nts|130835}} ||align=center| {{percentage|130835|32852320|sigfig=1}}
|-
|scope="row"| No religious affiliation ||align=center| {{nts|7850605}} ||align=center| {{percentage|7850605|32852320}}
|-
|}

==See also==
<div style="float:right;">{{Portal-inline|Canada}}</div>
* [[Demographics of North America]]
* [[1666 census of New France]]
* [[Canada 2016 Census]]
* [[List of Canadian census areas demographic extremes]]
* [[Interprovincial migration in Canada]]
* ''[[Cahiers québécois de démographie]]'' academic journal
* ''[[Canadian Studies in Population]]'' academic journal
{{clear right}}

== Notes ==
<references group="Note" />
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
{{see also|Bibliography of Canada}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book
|first =J. M  | last =Bumsted
|title =Canada's diverse peoples: a reference sourcebook
|publisher =Library of Congress ( ABC-CLIO)
|year =2003
|isbn =978-1-57607-672-9
|url =https://archive.org/details/canadasdiversepe0000bums
|url-access =registration  |quote =The people of Canada.  }}
* {{cite book
|first = Paul R| last = Magocsi
|title =Encyclopedia of Canada's peoples
|publisher =Society of Ontario, University of Toronto Press
|year =1999
|isbn =978-0-8020-2938-6
|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=dbUuX0mnvQMC&q=Territorial%20evolution%20of%20Canada&pg=PP1
}}
* {{cite book
|first =Madeline | last =Richard
|title =Ethnic history and marital assimilation in Canada, 1871 and 1971
|publisher = University of British Columbia Press
|year =1992
|isbn =978-0-7748-0431-8
|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=y00ho38YLGMC&q=Ethnic%20origins%20of%20people%20in%20Canada&pg=PP1
}}
* {{cite book|last=Thornton|first=Russell|title=A population history of North America|editor=Michael R. Haines, Richard Hall Steckel|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|year=2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPdgiysIVcgC&q=A%20population%20history%20of%20North%20America&pg=PA13|isbn=0-521-49666-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Donna M|author2=Northcott, Herbert C|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p_pMVs53mzQC&pg=PP1|title=Dying and Death in Canada|publisher=University of Toronto Press|location=Toronto|year=2008|isbn=978-1-55111-873-4}}
* Roderic Beaujot and Don Kerr, (2007) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=CofPBh5BRhwC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20Changing%20Face%20of%20Canada%3A%20Essential%20Readings%20in%20Population&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true The Changing Face of Canada: Essential Readings in Population]'', Canadian Scholars' Press, {{ISBN|978-1-55130-322-2}}.
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Demographics of Canada}}
* [http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402-x/11-402-x2010000-eng.htm Canada Year Book (2010)] – Statistics Canada
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101202045341/http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo23a-eng.htm Population estimates and projections, 2010 – 2036] – Statistics Canada
* [https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71-607-x/71-607-x2018005-eng.htm Canada's population clock]

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