Jigdo: Difference between revisions

Jigdo
Stable release	0.7.3 / 20 May 2006; 18 years ago
Written in	C++
Operating system	Linux, Solaris, OS X, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows
Type	Download utility
License	GPLv2 (only)
Website	atterer.org/jigdo/

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Jigdo (a portmanteau of "Jigsaw" and "download") is a utility typically used for downloading to piece together a large file, most commonly an optical disk image such as a CD, DVD or Blu-ray Disc (BD) image, from many smaller individual constituent files. The constituent files may be local and/or retrieved from one or more mirror sites. Jigdo's features are similar to BitTorrent, but unlike BitTorrent, Jigdo uses a client-server model, not peer-to-peer.

Jigdo itself is quite portable and is available for many UNIX and Unix-like operating systems, and is also available for Microsoft Windows.

Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Jigdo is free software.

Uses

A quite common use would be to construct a Linux CD or DVD image for installation or distribution, where a slightly older version or release of same, or a cache or local partial mirror, already contains some or many of the needed constituent files. That would typically proceed as follows: Jigdo would be invoked using the jigdo-lite command, with a command line argument of the URL of a ".jigdo" file. Jigdo would then download that file, and after examining its contents, would also download a ".template" file. After inspecting the ".template" file, Jigdo would prompt for the location of files to scan. The user would then either enter or select from a list the location of files to scan. Jigdo would scan that location for any files that match any of the needed constituent files. Any matching files would be used in constructing the target image. Jigdo prompts again, and if the user gives a location, the process repeats - giving Jigdo the opportunity to scan multiple locations for the needed files. If the user enters no location, Jigdo proceeds to download any unmatched constituent files and to use them to assemble the target image file.

The jigdo-file utility is generally used to create the ".jigdo" and ".template" files needed to create target images using Jigdo.

Presently at least Debian and Ubuntu^[3] (and some older Fedora releases - see History) make files available for download via Jigdo.

Other projects and sites may also do so or may be doing so - nothing inherently prevents such use.

Design

Jigdo was designed to solve several issues. By leveraging redundant available data, Jigdo works to ease loads on mirror systems - both by providing means for such mirror systems to assemble the needed large images while avoiding much redundant downloading, and also by encouraging those downloading from the mirrors to likewise use Jigdo and avoid downloading unneeded redundant data. Additionally, Jigdo can download from multiple mirrors, easing and typically speeding downloads and making them somewhat more resistant to various interruptions in downloading.

History

Jigdo was initially designed to aid in the distribution and downloading of large Debian image files for installation. Development of Jigdo appears to go back to at least 1996‑01.^[4]

Debian has been available via Jigdo since at least 2002-01-09^[5]

Ubuntu has been available via Jigdo since at least 2004-11-12^[6]

By, or sometime after 2006-05 (release of Jigdo version 0.7.3), Jigdo is no longer undergoing active development, but is in "maintenance mode" - development has stopped.^[1]

Fedora has been available via Jigdo since approximately 2008-02-05 with the 9 Alpha^[7]^[8] release. Fedora 8 discs^[9] as well as many other variants.^[10] were also made available via Jigdo. Fedora 15,^[11] released 2011-05-24, thus far appears to be the last Fedora release to have been made available via Jigdo by The Fedora Project.

Development

Jigdo is no longer undergoing active development, but is in "maintenance mode" - development has stopped.^[1] Though the command-line tools may be considered finished and "feature complete", the GUI client was not completed and does not support multi-image templates, meaning the command-line tools are required. See also Derivatives.

Derivatives

Fedora has been developing a Python-based GUI which used Jigdo, called pyJigdo.^[12]

Popularity

It may be difficult to know accurately how widely distributed and used Jigdo is, however some data are available.

as of 2018 October 3: 0.86% (1,730) of approximately 200,471 reporting Debian systems have Jigdo installed^[13]

as of 2018 October 1: 0.27% (7,572) of approximately 2,793,378 reporting Ubuntu systems have Jigdo installed^[14]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Atterer, Richard (2006-05-20). "jigdo 0.7.3 released". jigdo-user (Mailing list). Retrieved 2008-09-03. {{cite mailing list}}: Unknown parameter |mailinglist= ignored (|mailing-list= suggested) (help)^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "Copyright File", deb package, Debian.org
^ "Ubuntu Community Documentation JigdoDownloadHowto". Community Documentation. 2008-11-05. Retrieved 2008-12-24.
^ "jigdo-user mailing list archive". Jigdo. Archived from the original on July 26, 2007. Retrieved 2013-03-22. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Debian Weekly News - January 9th, 2002". Debian Weekly News. 2002-01-09. Retrieved 2013-03-13.
^ "Ubuntu 4.10 Warty Warthog". Ubuntu. 2004-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-13.
^ "Features/JigdoRelease". Fedora Project. 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2008-09-03.
^ "Fedora 9 Release Notes: Release Highlights: New in Fedora: Jigdo". Fedora 9 Release Notes. 2008-04-16. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
^ "Fedora 8 CD Sets Released!". Fedora Unity. 2007-12-04. Archived from the original on 2008-07-31. Retrieved 2008-09-03. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Unity Spins". Fedora Unity. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2008-09-03. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Fedora 15 download via jigdo". Fedora 15 download via jigdo. 2011-05-24. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
^ http://lists.fedoraunity.org/pipermail/pyjigdo-devel/ ^{[dead link]}
^ "Popularity Contest Statistics -- Debian Quality Assurance". qa.debian.org.
^ "Ubuntu Popularity Contest". popcon.ubuntu.com.

External links

[jigdo_0.7.3_released-1] Atterer, Richard (2006-05-20). "jigdo 0.7.3 released". jigdo-user (Mailing list). Retrieved 2008-09-03. {{cite mailing list}}: Unknown parameter |mailinglist= ignored (|mailing-list= suggested) (help)^{[permanent dead link]}

[license-2] "Copyright File", deb package, Debian.org

[Ubuntu-JigdoDownloadHowto-3] "Ubuntu Community Documentation JigdoDownloadHowto". Community Documentation. 2008-11-05. Retrieved 2008-12-24.

[jigdo-user_mailing_list_archive-4] "jigdo-user mailing list archive". Jigdo. Archived from the original on July 26, 2007. Retrieved 2013-03-22. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[Debian_Weekly_News_-_January_9th,_2002-5] "Debian Weekly News - January 9th, 2002". Debian Weekly News. 2002-01-09. Retrieved 2013-03-13.

[Ubuntu_4.10_Warty_Warthog-6] "Ubuntu 4.10 Warty Warthog". Ubuntu. 2004-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-13.

[7] "Features/JigdoRelease". Fedora Project. 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2008-09-03.

[fedora-9-available-8] "Fedora 9 Release Notes: Release Highlights: New in Fedora: Jigdo". Fedora 9 Release Notes. 2008-04-16. Retrieved 2013-03-12.

[9] "Fedora 8 CD Sets Released!". Fedora Unity. 2007-12-04. Archived from the original on 2008-07-31. Retrieved 2008-09-03. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[10] "Unity Spins". Fedora Unity. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2008-09-03. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[fedora-15-download-via-jigdo-11] "Fedora 15 download via jigdo". Fedora 15 download via jigdo. 2011-05-24. Retrieved 2014-07-26.

[12] ttp://lists.fedoraunity.org/pipermail/pyjigdo-devel/ ^{[dead link]}

[13] "Popularity Contest Statistics -- Debian Quality Assurance". qa.debian.org.

[14] "Ubuntu Popularity Contest". popcon.ubuntu.com.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Expert-subject|Free Software|date=September 2008}}
 {{Infobox software
 | logo                   =
@@ Line 8: / Line 7: @@
 | released               =
 | latest release version = 0.7.3
-| latest release date    = {{Start date and age|2006|05|20|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |last=Atterer |first=Richard |title=jigdo 0.7.3 released |date=2006-05-20 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |mailinglist=jigdo-user |url=https://lists.berlios.de/pipermail/jigdo-user/2006-May/000086.html }}</ref>
+| latest release date    = {{Start date and age|2006|05|20|df=yes}}<ref name="jigdo 0.7.3 released">{{cite mailing list|last=Atterer |first=Richard |title=jigdo 0.7.3 released |date=2006-05-20 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |mailinglist=jigdo-user |url=https://lists.berlios.de/pipermail/jigdo-user/2006-May/000086.html }}{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
-| frequently updated     =
 | programming language   = [[C++]]
-| operating system       = [[Linux]], [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], [[Mac OS X]], [[FreeBSD]]
+| operating system       = [[Linux]], [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], [[macOS|OS X]], [[FreeBSD]], [[Microsoft Windows]]
 | platform               =
 | size                   =
 | language               =
-| status                 =
 | genre                  = Download utility
-| license                = [[GNU General Public License]]
+| license                = [[GNU General Public License#Version 2|GPLv2]] (only)<ref name=license>{{citation |url=http://ftp-master.metadata.debian.org/changelogs//main/j/jigdo/jigdo_0.7.3-3_copyright |title=Copyright File |work=deb package |publisher=Debian.org}}</ref>
-| website                = http://atterer.org/jigdo/
+| website                = {{URL|http://atterer.org/jigdo/}}
 }}
-'''Jigdo''' (a [[portmanteau]] of "Jigsaw" and "download") is a [[download]] utility that downloads files from several mirrors in order to build an [[disk image|optical disk image]], such as when installing a [[Linux distribution]].
+'''Jigdo''' (a [[portmanteau]] of "Jigsaw" and "download") is a utility typically used for [[download]]ing to piece together a large [[Computer file|file]], most commonly an [[disk image|optical disk image]] such as a [[Compact disc|CD]], [[DVD]] or [[Blu-ray Disc|Blu-ray Disc (BD)]] image, from many smaller individual constituent files. The constituent files may be local and/or retrieved from one or more [[Disk mirroring|mirror sites]]. Jigdo's features are similar to [[BitTorrent]], but unlike BitTorrent, Jigdo uses a [[Client–server model|client-server model]], not [[peer-to-peer]].
+Jigdo itself is quite [[Porting|portable]] and is available for many [[Unix|UNIX]] and [[Unix-like]] [[operating system]]s,
-Jigdo was initially designed to aid in the installation of [[Debian]]. Currently [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]],<ref name=Ubuntu-JigdoDownloadHowto>{{cite web |url=https://help.ubuntu.com/community/JigdoDownloadHowto |title=Ubuntu Community Documentation JigdoDownloadHowto  |work=Community Documentation |date=2008-11-05 |accessdate=2008-12-24}}</ref> [[Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]],<ref name=fedora-9-available>{{cite web |url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/f9/en_US/sn-OverView.html#id3103303 |title=Release Highlights#Jigdo |work=Fedora 9 Release Notes |date=2008-04-16 |accessdate=2008-09-03}}</ref> [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]],{{Citation needed|date=September 2008}} and [[FreeBSD]],<ref name=FreeBSD Jigdo package>{{cite web |url=http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/ports/net-p2p/jigdo/ |title=ports/net-p2p/jigdo/ |work=FreeBSD Packages |date=2010-11-13 |accessdate=2010-12-24}}</ref> are also available through Jigdo.
+and is also available for [[Microsoft Windows]].
 Released under the terms of the [[GNU General Public License]], Jigdo is [[free software]].
+== Uses ==
+A quite common use would be to construct a [[Linux distribution|Linux]] CD or DVD image for installation or distribution, where a slightly older version or release of same, or a [[cache (computing)|cache]] or local partial mirror, already contains some or many of the needed constituent files. That would typically proceed as follows: Jigdo would be invoked using the jigdo-lite command, with a command line argument of the URL of a ".jigdo" file. Jigdo would then download that file, and after examining its contents, would also download a ".template" file. After inspecting the ".template" file, Jigdo would prompt for the location of files to scan. The user would then either enter or select from a list the location of files to scan. Jigdo would scan that location for any files that match any of the needed constituent files. Any matching files would be used in constructing the target image. Jigdo prompts again, and if the user gives a location, the process repeats - giving Jigdo the opportunity to scan multiple locations for the needed files. If the user enters no location, Jigdo proceeds to download any unmatched constituent files and to use them to assemble the target image file.
+The jigdo-file utility is generally used to create the ".jigdo" and ".template" files needed to create target images using Jigdo.
+Presently at least
+[[Debian]] and [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]]<ref name=Ubuntu-JigdoDownloadHowto>{{cite web |url=https://help.ubuntu.com/community/JigdoDownloadHowto |title=Ubuntu Community Documentation JigdoDownloadHowto |work=Community Documentation |date=2008-11-05 |accessdate=2008-12-24}}</ref> (and some older [[Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]] releases - see [[#History|History]]) make files available for download via Jigdo.
+Other projects and sites may also do so or may be doing so - nothing inherently prevents such use.
 == Design ==
+Jigdo was designed to solve several issues. By leveraging redundant available data, Jigdo works to ease loads on mirror systems - both by providing means for such mirror systems to assemble the needed large images while avoiding much redundant downloading, and also by encouraging those downloading from the mirrors to likewise use Jigdo and avoid downloading unneeded redundant data. Additionally, Jigdo can download from multiple mirrors, easing and typically speeding downloads and making them somewhat more resistant to various interruptions in downloading.
-A typical application of Jigdo is with its <code>jigdo-file</code> utility. A user that wishes to assemble a disk image downloads a relatively small file called ''imagename.jigdo''. The jigdo-file utility invoked with this file as an argument then proceeds to fetch additional files from the Internet: ''imagename.template'' and a series of [[.deb]] files that are listed in the .jigdo file. It then assembles the ISO image from the downloaded template and other (.deb) files.
+== History ==
-Jigdo was implemented in Debian in order to reduce the need to have many CD image [[mirror (computing)|mirror sites]], locations with sufficient disk space and bandwidth to serve numerous 650 MB files (and in more recent times, 4.7 GB files for [[DVD]] images and 25 GB files for [[Blu-ray Disc|BD]] images). Instead, Jigdo files allow mirrors to carry the regular Debian archive, where packages are not grouped together in image files and instead kept separately where they are also accessible through [[apt-get]] and still allow for the making of optical disk images.
+Jigdo was initially designed to aid in the distribution and downloading of large Debian image files for installation. Development of Jigdo appears to go back to at least 1996‑01.<ref name="jigdo-user mailing list archive">{{cite web|url=https://lists.berlios.de/pipermail/jigdo-user/ |title=jigdo-user mailing list archive |work=Jigdo |accessdate=2013-03-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070726055831/https://lists.berlios.de/pipermail/jigdo-user/ |archivedate=July 26, 2007 }}</ref>
-A second benefit is that if files on the CD image change, Jigdo only downloads the changed files and assembles a new CD image. In this way upgrading of CD images requires much less downloading.
+Debian has been available via Jigdo since at least 2002-01-09<ref name="Debian Weekly News - January 9th, 2002">{{cite web |url=http://www.debian.org/News/weekly/2002/2/ |title=Debian Weekly News - January 9th, 2002 |work=Debian Weekly News |date=2002-01-09 |accessdate=2013-03-13 }}</ref>
-== Uses ==
+Ubuntu has been available via Jigdo since at least 2004-11-12<ref name="Ubuntu 4.10 Warty Warthog">{{cite web |url=http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/4.10/ |title=Ubuntu 4.10 Warty Warthog |work=Ubuntu |date=2004-11-12 |accessdate=2013-03-13}}</ref>
-Since the release of [[Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]] 9 Alpha,<ref name=fedora-9-available/> all future release of Fedora will provide Jigdo as an alternative download method for people without BitTorrent access.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/JigdoRelease |title=Features/JigdoRelease |date=2008-06-05 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref> Also, Jigdo versions of Fedora 8 discs are available<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fedoraunity.org/news-archives/fedora-8-cd-sets-released |publisher=Fedora Unity |date=2007-12-04 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |title=Fedora 8 CD Sets Released! |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080731023126/http://fedoraunity.org/news-archives/fedora-8-cd-sets-released <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2008-07-31}}</ref> as well as many other variants.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://spins.fedoraunity.org/spins |title=Unity Spins |date=2007-10-30 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |publisher=Fedora Unity}}</ref>
+By, or sometime after 2006-05 (release of Jigdo version 0.7.3), Jigdo is no longer undergoing active [[#Development|development]], but is in "maintenance mode" - development has stopped.<ref name="jigdo 0.7.3 released" />
+Fedora has been available via Jigdo since approximately 2008-02-05 with the 9 Alpha<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/JigdoRelease |title=Features/JigdoRelease |date=2008-06-05 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |publisher=Fedora Project}}</ref><ref name=fedora-9-available>{{cite web |url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/9/html/Release_Notes/ar01s02s02s02.html |title=Fedora 9 Release Notes: Release Highlights: New in Fedora: Jigdo |work=Fedora 9 Release Notes |date=2008-04-16 |accessdate=2013-03-12}}</ref> release.
+Fedora 8 discs<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fedoraunity.org/news-archives/fedora-8-cd-sets-released |publisher=[[Fedora Unity]] |date=2007-12-04 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |title=Fedora 8 CD Sets Released! |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731023126/http://fedoraunity.org/news-archives/fedora-8-cd-sets-released |archivedate=2008-07-31 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> as well as many other variants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spins.fedoraunity.org/spins |title=Unity Spins |date=2007-10-30 |accessdate=2008-09-03 |publisher=Fedora Unity |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828032824/http://spins.fedoraunity.org/spins/ |archivedate=2008-08-28 |df= }}</ref> were also made available via Jigdo. Fedora 15,<ref name=fedora-15-download-via-jigdo>{{cite web|url=http://archives.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora/linux/releases/15/Fedora/i386/jigdo/ |title=Fedora 15 download via jigdo |work=Fedora 15 download via jigdo |date=2011-05-24 |accessdate=2014-07-26}}</ref> released 2011-05-24, thus far appears to be the last Fedora release to have been made available via Jigdo by The Fedora Project.
+== Development ==
+Jigdo is no longer undergoing active development, but is in "maintenance mode" - development has stopped.<ref name="jigdo 0.7.3 released" /> Though the command-line tools may be considered finished and "feature complete", the GUI client was not completed and does not support multi-image templates, meaning the command-line tools are required. See also [[#Derivatives|Derivatives]].
 == Derivatives ==
-Due to the unmaintained state of the original Jigdo code—the GUI client does not support multi-image templates, meaning the command-line tools are required—Fedora has been developing a Python-based GUI, called pyJigdo.<ref>http://lists.fedoraunity.org/pipermail/pyjigdo-devel/</ref>
+Fedora has been developing a Python-based GUI which used Jigdo, called pyJigdo.<ref>http://lists.fedoraunity.org/pipermail/pyjigdo-devel/ {{dead link|date=November 2018}}</ref>
+== Popularity ==
+It may be difficult to know accurately how widely distributed and used Jigdo is, however some data are available.
+as of 2018 October 3: 0.86% (1,730) of approximately 200,471 reporting Debian systems have Jigdo installed<ref>{{cite web|url=http://qa.debian.org/popcon.php?package=jigdo|title=Popularity Contest Statistics -- Debian Quality Assurance|website=qa.debian.org}}</ref>
+as of 2018 October 1: 0.27% (7,572) of approximately 2,793,378 reporting Ubuntu systems have Jigdo installed<ref>{{cite web|url=http://popcon.ubuntu.com/|title=Ubuntu Popularity Contest|website=popcon.ubuntu.com}}</ref>
 == References ==
-{{refs}}
+{{reflist}}
 == External links ==
 {{portal|Free software}}
-* {{official|http://atterer.org/jigdo/}}
+* {{official website|http://atterer.org/jigdo/}}
 * [http://www.debian.org/CD/jigdo-cd/ Downloading Debian CD images with Jigdo]
 * [http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Debian-Jigdo/ Debian Jigdo mini-HOWTO]
+* [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/JigdoDownloadHowto Ubuntu Community Documentation: How to Download using Jigdo]
 {{Debian}}
@@ Line 58: / Line 85: @@
 [[Category:Debian]]
 [[Category:Distributed data storage]]
-[[de:Jigdo]]