1066
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Year 1066 (MLXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. The year was a turning point in English history due to the Battle of Hastings and ensuing Norman conquest of England.
Events[edit]
By area[edit]
- Norman conquest of England:
- January 5 – Edward the Confessor of York dies. The Witenagemot proclaims Harold Godwinson King of England.
- January 6 – Harold II is crowned King of England, probably in the new Westminster Abbey.
- January (approx.) – Harold marries Ealdgyth, daughter of Earl Ælfgar, and widow of Welsh ruler Gruffydd ap Llywelyn.
- March 20 – Halley's Comet reaches perihelion. Its appearance is subsequently recorded in the Bayeux Tapestry.
- September 18 – Norwegian king Harald Hardrada lands on the beaches of Scarborough and begins his invasion of England.
- September 20 – Battle of Fulford: Norwegian king Harald Hardrada defeats the northern English earls Edwin and Morcar.
- September 25 – Battle of Stamford Bridge: Word of the Battle of Fulford reaches King Harold Godwinson, who decides to ride north to meet the invaders. Harold defeats Harald Hardrada and his brother Tostig Godwinson.
- September 27 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the River Somme, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
- September 28 – Duke William of Normandy lands in England at Pevensey.
- October 14 – Battle of Hastings, between King Harold II of England and Duke William of Normandy: Harold is killed by an arrow to the eye (some[who?] say he was killed by a band of Norman knights sent to assassinate him). William is victorious. This is considered[by whom?] the end of the Dark Ages or Early Middle Ages in England.
- December 25 – Duke William of Normandy is crowned King William I of England in Westminster Abbey.
- December 30 – Granada massacre: A Muslim mob storms the royal palace in Granada, crucifies Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela, and massacres most of the Jewish population of the city.
- The Republic of Genoa, jealous of the recent successes of its former allies, launches a naval assault on the Republic of Pisa.[1]
- Magnus II Haraldsson is crowned King of Norway.
- Upon the death of Stenkil, King of Sweden, two rivals named Eric battle for power in Sweden, both claiming the throne, until the next year.
- Hedeby is destroyed by a Slavic, army and permanently abandoned.
- Tain becomes the first town in Scotland to be chartered as a royal burgh.
Births[edit]
- Al-Afdal Shahanshah, vizier of the Fatimid caliphs of Egypt (d. 1121)
- Henry, Count of Portugal (d. 1112)
- Irene Doukaina, Byzantine Empress (d. 1138)
Deaths[edit]
- January 5 – King Edward the Confessor
- September 25 (killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge):
- King Harald III of Norway (Harald Hardråde) (b. 1015),
- Tostig Godwinson, Earl of Northumbria, brother of King Harold II
- September 25 – Maria Haraldsdotter, Norwegian princess
- October 14 (killed at the Battle of Hastings):
- King Harold II of England
- Leofwine Godwinson, brother of King Harold II
- Gyrth Godwinson, brother of King Harold II
- November 10 – John Scotus, bishop of Mecklenburg
Date unknown[edit]
- Stenkil, king of Sweden since 1060
- Ibn Butlan, Baghdad physician
- Imam Bayhaqi, eminent Islamic scholar
References[edit]
- ^ Benvenuti, Gino (1985). Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia. Rome: Newton & Compton Editori. p. 44. ISBN 88-8289-529-7.
