1317
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1317 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1317 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1317 MCCCXVII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2070 |
| Armenian calendar | 766 ԹՎ ՉԿԶ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6067 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1238–1239 |
| Bengali calendar | 724 |
| Berber calendar | 2267 |
| English Regnal year | 10 Edw. 2 – 11 Edw. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1861 |
| Burmese calendar | 679 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6825–6826 |
| Chinese calendar | 丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 4013 or 3953 — to — 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 4014 or 3954 |
| Coptic calendar | 1033–1034 |
| Discordian calendar | 2483 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1309–1310 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5077–5078 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1373–1374 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1238–1239 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4417–4418 |
| Holocene calendar | 11317 |
| Igbo calendar | 317–318 |
| Iranian calendar | 695–696 |
| Islamic calendar | 716–717 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōwa 6 / Bunpō 1 (文保元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1228–1229 |
| Julian calendar | 1317 MCCCXVII |
| Korean calendar | 3650 |
| Minguo calendar | 595 before ROC 民前595年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −151 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1859–1860 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳火龙年 (male Fire-Dragon) 1443 or 1062 or 290 — to — 阴火蛇年 (female Fire-Snake) 1444 or 1063 or 291 |
Year 1317 (MCCCXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events[edit]
By place[edit]
Europe[edit]
- January 9 – The 23-year-old Philip V (the Tall) is hastily crowned at Rheims after the death of his nephew John I (the Posthumous), as king of France (and Philip II as ruler of Navarre). There are demonstrations in Artois, Champagne and Burgundy. The coronation of Philip, instead of his niece Joan II, eldest daughter of his brother Louis X (the Quarrelsome), sets the precedent for the French royal succession (known as the Salic law).[1][2]
- Philip V (the Tall) reorganizes the French army by extending the military obligations of the realm. Each town and castellany is responsible for providing a specified number of fully equipped troops – such as sergeants and infantry militias, while towns in economically advanced areas like Flanders become a major source of men and money. At the same time, the arriére ban (military recruitment) is generally commuted in favour for taxation.[3]
- November 25 – Treaty of Templin: After ending the war between the Margraviate of Brandenburg and Denmark, Brandenburg is forced to negotiate a truce. King Eric VI, his ally Duke Henry II (the Lion) and Waldemar the Great sign a peace treaty in Templin. Brandenburg agrees to transfer Burg Stargard and Arnsberg castle to Mecklenburg. They also surrender the territories of Schlawe-Stolp, located on the Baltic coast, to Pomerania.[4][5]
- December 10–11 – King Birger Magnusson has his brothers, Duke's Eric Magnusson and Valdemar Magnusson, captured and thrown into a dungeon during the Nyköping Banquet – as a revenge for their imprisonment of him in the Håtuna games (see 1306). As the brothers soon starve to death in the dungeon, their followers rebel against Birger, throwing Sweden into civil war.
- A Hungarian document mentions for the first time Basarab I as leader of Wallachia (historians estimate he was on the throne since about 1310). Basarab will become the first voivode of Wallachia as an independent state, and founder of the House of Basarab (until 1352).[6]
By topic[edit]
Catastrophe[edit]
- The Great Famine of 1315–1317 comes to an end. Crop harvests return to normal – but it will be another five years before food supplies are completely replenished in Northern Europe. Simultaneously, the people are so weakened by diseases such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and tuberculosis. Historians debate the toll, but it is estimated that 10–25% of the population of many cities and towns dies.[7]
Religion[edit]
- March 31 – Pope John XXII claims imperial rights of government in Italy for the papacy. He erects the dioceses of Luçon, Maillezais, and Tulle and issues the decretal Spondent Pariter prohibiting alchemy.[8]
- April – John XXII orders the Spiritual Franciscans, including the French priest Bernard Délicieux, to come to Avignon and answer for their disobedience. Upon arrival, Délicieux is arrested and interrogated.[9]
Births[edit]
- March 21 – Isabel de Verdun, English noblewoman (House of Clare) (d. 1349)
- date unknown
- Blanche of Valois, queen consort of Germany and Bohemia (d. 1348)
- Euphemia of Sweden, Swedish noblewoman and princess (d. 1370)
- Coloman, Hungarian nobleman, prince, prelate and bishop (d. 1375)
- Godfrey de Foljambe, English nobleman and Chief Justice (d. 1376)
- Ichijō Tsunemichi, Japanese nobleman (kugyō) and regent (d. 1365)
- John II, Sicilian nobleman and prince (House of Barcelona) (d. 1348)
- Michael Szécsényi, Hungarian nobleman, cleric and bishop (d. 1377)
- Ralph de Spigurnell, English nobleman, knight and admiral (d. 1373)
- Vuk Kosača, Bosnian nobleman (knyaz), magnate and ruler (d. 1359)
Deaths[edit]
- February 6 – Brinolfo Algotsson, Swedish bishop and theologian (b. 1240)
- February 7 – Robert de Clermont, French nobleman and prince (b. 1256)
- February 11 – Ralph Fitzwilliam, English nobleman and knight (b. 1256)
- April 6 – Guy IV, French nobleman and Grand Butler (House of Châtillon)
- April 19 – Nitchō, Japanese Buddhist monk, cleric and scholar (b. 1252)
- April 20 – Agnes of Montepulciano, Italian prioress and saint (b. 1268)[10]
- May 23 – Guy of Avesnes, French bishop (House of Avesnes) (b. 1253)
- June 23 – Thawun Gyi, Burmese founder and ruler of Toungoo (b. 1258)
- June 25 – Henry of Harclay, English philosopher and chancellor (b. 1270)
- August 14 – Bernard de Castanet, French diplomat and bishop (b. 1240)
- September 21 – Viola of Teschen, queen consort of Bohemia and Poland
- October 8 – Fushimi, Japanese emperor and calligrapher (b. 1265)[11][12]
- October 26 – Alice of Hainault, French noblewoman (House of Avesnes)
- November 9 – Manfred of Sicily, Sicilian nobleman and prince (b. 1306)
- November 13 – Yahballaha III, Turkic patriarch of the Church of the East
- November 28 – Yishan Yining, Chinese monk and calligrapher (b. 1247)
- December 15 – Maria of Bytom, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia
- December 24 – Jean de Joinville, French historian and writer (b. 1224)
- date unknown
- Dujam II, Croatian nobleman and oligarch (House of Frankopan)
- Gerard of Bologna, Italian Carmelite theologian and philosopher
- Guillemette of Neufchâtel, Swiss noblewoman (suo jure) (b. 1260)
- Irene of Montferrat (Violante), Byzantine empress consort (b. 1274)
- John I Orsini, Latin nobleman, knight and ruler (House of Orsini)
- John V (the Illustrious), German nobleman and knight (b. 1302)
- Malise III of Strathearn, Scottish nobleman and politician (b. 1257)
- Parsoma (the Naked), Egyptian Coptic hermit and saint (b. 1257)
- Ram Khamhaeng (the Great), Tai ruler of Sukhothai (b. 1239)
- Robert of Burgundy, French nobleman and knight (b. 1300)
- Roger Brabazon, English lawyer and Chief Justice (b. 1247)
- Stephen de Dunnideer (or Donydoir), English bishop-elect
- Tolberto III, Italian nobleman (House of Caminesi) (b. 1263)
- Wolfert II van Borselen, Dutch nobleman and knight (b. 1280)
References[edit]
- ^ Jordan, William Chester (2005). Unceasing Strife, Unending Fear: Jacques de Therines and the Freedom of the Church in the Age of the Last Capetians, p. 69. Princeton University Press.
- ^ Wagner, John. A. (2006). Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War, p. 250. Westport: Greenwood Press.
- ^ David Nicolle (2000). Osprey: Crécy 1346 – Triumph of the Longbow, p. 22. ISBN 1-85532-966-2.
- ^ Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann (1972). Der Landfriede im Ostseeraum während des späten Mittelalters, p. 95. Lassleben. ISBN 3-7847-4002-2.
- ^ Siegfried Schwanz (2002). Kleinzerlang 1752–2002, p. 15. Edition Rieger. ISBN 3-935231-25-3.
- ^ Djuvara, Neagu (2014). A Brief Illustrated History of Romanians, p. 74. Humanitas. ISBN 978-973-50-4334-6.
- ^ Ruiz, Teofilo F. "Medieval Europe: Crisis and Renewal". An Age of Crisis: Hunger. The Teaching Company. ISBN 1-56585-710-0.
- ^ Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 157. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ O'Shea, Stephen (2011). The Friar of Carcassonne, p. 184. Vancouver, BC, Canada: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 978-1-55365-551-0.
- ^ Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John (1993). The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
- ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 422. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887.
- ^ Varley, H. Paul (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns, p. 241. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04940-5.