1678
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This article is about the year 1678.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1640s 1650s 1660s – 1670s – 1680s 1690s 1700s |
| Years: | 1675 1676 1677 – 1678 – 1679 1680 1681 |
| 1678 by topic: | |
| Arts and Science | |
| Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors - State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1678 MDCLXXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2431 |
| Armenian calendar | 1127 ԹՎ ՌՃԻԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6428 |
| Bengali calendar | 1085 |
| Berber calendar | 2628 |
| English Regnal year | 29 Cha. 2 – 30 Cha. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2222 |
| Burmese calendar | 1040 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7186–7187 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 4374 or 4314 — to — 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 4375 or 4315 |
| Coptic calendar | 1394–1395 |
| Discordian calendar | 2844 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1670–1671 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5438–5439 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1734–1735 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1600–1601 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4779–4780 |
| Holocene calendar | 11678 |
| Igbo calendar | 678–679 |
| Iranian calendar | 1056–1057 |
| Islamic calendar | 1088–1089 |
| Japanese calendar | Enpō 6 (延宝6年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 4011 |
| Minguo calendar | 234 before ROC 民前234年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2220–2221 |
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1678. |
Year 1678 (MDCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.
Events[edit]
January–June[edit]
- January 27 – The first fire engine company in what will become the United States goes into service.
- February 18 – The first part of English nonconformist preacher John Bunyan's Christian allegory The Pilgrim's Progress is published in London.
- May 11 – French admiral Jean d'Estrees runs his whole fleet aground in Curaçao.
- June – French buccaneer Michel de Grammont leads 6 pirate ships and 700 men in a daring raid on Spanish-held Venezuela, reaching inland as far as Trujillo, Venezuela.
- June 25 – Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia becomes the first woman to be awarded a university degree, a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Padua.
July–December[edit]
- August 10 – The Treaties of Nijmegen end the Franco-Dutch War. The County of Burgundy is ceded to the Kingdom of France.
- September 6 – Titus Oates begins to present allegations of the Popish Plot, a supposed Roman Catholic conspiracy to assassinate king Charles II of England. Oates applies the term Tory to those who disbelieve his allegations.
- October 17 – English magistrate Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey is found murdered in Primrose Hill, London. Titus Oates claims it as a proof of his allegations.
- December 3 – Test Act provides that members of both the House of Lords and House of Commons of England must swear an anti-Catholic oath before taking office.
Date unknown[edit]
- Rebellion breaks out in southern China.
- About 1,200 Irish families sail from Barbados to Virginia and the Carolinas.
- In Ireland, the vacant Bishopric of Leighlin is given to the Bishop of Kildare to form the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin.
- The first chrysanthemums are planted in Europe.
Births[edit]
- March 4 – Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer (d. 1741)
- March 7 – Filippo Juvara, Italian architect (d. 1736)
- April 14 – Abraham Darby I, one of the fathers of the Industrial Revolution (d. 1717)
- May 16 – Andreas Silbermann, organ builder (d. 1734)
- July 26 – Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1711)
- September 16 – Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, English statesman and philosopher (d. 1751)
- September 29 – Adrien-Maurice, 3rd duc de Noailles, French soldier (d. 1766)
- October 10 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish soldier (d. 1743)
- November 26 – Jean Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist (d. 1771)
- December 8 – Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton, English diplomat (d. 1757)
- December 13 – Yongzheng Emperor of China (d. 1735)
- December 14 – Daniel Neal, English historian (d. 1743)
- December 30 – William Croft, English composer (d. 1727)
- date unknown
- George Farquhar, Irish dramatist (d. 1707)
- Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt, German architect (d. 1753)
- John Senex, British geographer (d. 1740)[1]
Deaths[edit]
- January 23 Sir William Curtius FRS, German magistrate, English baronet; official resident of the English Crown in the Holy Roman Empire, b. (1599).
- January 29 – Jeronimo Lobo, Portuguese Jesuit missionary (b. 1593)
- May 4 or May 14 – Anna Maria van Schurman, Dutch poet and scholar (b. 1607)
- May 18 – Miyamoto Iori, Japanese samurai (b. 1612)
- August 5 – Juan García de Zéspedes, Mexican musician and composer (b. 1619)
- August 16 – Andrew Marvell, English writer (b. 1621)
- August 17 – Guillaume Herincx, Flemish theologian and Bishop of Ypres (b. 1621)
- August 28 – John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, English soldier (b. 1602)
- September 8 – Pietro della Vecchia, Italian painter (b. 1603)
- October 12 – Edmund Berry Godfrey, English magistrate (b. 1621)
- October 18 – Jacob Jordaens, Flemish painter (b. 1593)
- October 19 – Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten, Dutch painter (b. c. 1627)
- November 1 – William Coddington, first Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1601)