2020 United States state legislative elections

2020 United States state legislative elections
95 legislative chambers; 44 states; 5 territories
	Map of upper house elections:; Democrats retained control; Republicans gained control; Republicans retained control; Non-partisan legislature; No regularly-scheduled elections
	Map of lower house elections:; Democrats retained control; Republicans gained control; Republicans retained control; Coalition retained control; Non-partisan legislature; No regularly-scheduled elections

The 2020 United States state legislative elections were held on November 3, 2020 for 86 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently-inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. also held elections. The elections took place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.

Prior to the elections, Democrats held 15 trifectas (control of the governor's office and legislative chambers), Republicans held 21 trifectas, and 14 states have a divided government. Nationwide, Republicans controlled approximately 60 percent of the legislative chambers and 52 percent of the legislative seats.^[1] These elections had a major impact on the 2020 redistricting cycle, as many states held their final legislative elections prior to the decennial drawing of new congressional and state legislative districts.

Due to the impact the redistricting cycle will have on partisan control of Congress and state legislatures, the Democrats, who had not been in control of a majority of state legislatures across the U.S. since 2010, had hoped to retake control of key chambers in advance. However, despite fundraising efforts and projections of several Republican-held chambers in competitive states flipping, the Democrats failed to flip any state chambers, which they attributed to gerrymandering in the wake of the 2010 elections, as well as state laws restricting voting, President Donald Trump being on the ballot, and the Democrats' campaigning methods.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Following the election, Republicans have control of redistricting in 20 state governments, totaling 188 House districts, whereas Democrats have control in states with a total of 73 districts.^[6] Overall, these elections saw the fewest partisan changes in state legislatures since 1944.^[7]

Summary table[edit]

States holding regularly-scheduled legislative and gubernatorial elections in 2020:

Governor and all legislative chambers

All legislative chambers

A portion of legislative chambers

None

Seats parties gained in the lower houses 2020 elections:

Democratic majority and Democrats lost seats

Democratic majority and Democrats gained or held seats

Republican majority and Republicans lost seats

Republican majority and Republicans gained or held seats

Coalition majority and lost a seat

No election

Non-partisan

Partisan control of state and territorial governments following the 2020 elections:

Democratic trifecta maintained

Republican trifecta maintained

Republican trifecta established

Divided government established

Divided government maintained

Officially non-partisan legislature

Partisan control TBD

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 86 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were held for 5,876 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber.^[8] The chambers not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly-scheduled elections in presidential midterm election years.

Note that this table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.

State	Upper House^[8]				Lower House^[8]
State	Seats up	Total	% up	Term	Seats up	Total	% up	Term
Alabama	0	35	0	4	0	105	0	4
Alaska	10	20	50	4	40	40	100	2
Arizona	30	30	100	2	60	60	100	2
Arkansas	17	35	49	2/4^[b]	100	100	100	2
California	20	40	50	4	80	80	100	2
Colorado	18	35	51	4	65	65	100	2
Connecticut	36	36	100	2	151	151	100	2
Delaware	11	21	52	2/4^[b]	41	41	100	2
Florida	20	40	50	2/4^[b]	120	120	100	2
Georgia	56	56	100	2	180	180	100	2
Hawaii	13	25	52	2/4^[b]	51	51	100	2
Idaho	35	35	100	2	70	70	100	2
Illinois	20	59	34	2/4^[b]	118	118	100	2
Indiana	25	50	50	4	100	100	100	2
Iowa	25	50	50	4	100	100	100	2
Kansas	40	40	100	4	125	125	100	2
Kentucky	19	38	50	4	100	100	100	2
Louisiana	0	39	0	4	0	105	0	4
Maine	35	35	100	2	151	151	100	2
Maryland	0	47	0	4	0	141	0	4
Massachusetts	40	40	100	2	160	160	100	2
Michigan	0	38	0	4	110	110	100	2
Minnesota	67	67	100	2/4^[b]	134	134	100	2
Mississippi	0	52	0	4	0	122	0	4
Missouri	17	34	50	4	163	163	100	2
Montana	25	50	50	4	100	100	100	2
Nebraska	25^[c]	49^[c]	51^[c]	4	N/A (unicameral)
Nevada	10	21	48	4	42	42	100	2
New Hampshire	24	24	100	2	400	400	100	2
New Jersey	0	40	0	2/4^[b]	0	80	0	2
New Mexico	42	42	100	4	70	70	100	2
New York	63	63	100	2	150	150	100	2
North Carolina	50	50	100	2	120	120	100	2
North Dakota	23	47	49	4	47	94	50	4
Ohio	16	33	48	4	99	99	100	2
Oklahoma	24	48	50	4	101	101	100	2
Oregon	15	30	50	4	60	60	100	2
Pennsylvania	25	50	50	4	203	203	100	2
Rhode Island	38	38	100	2	75	75	100	2
South Carolina	46	46	100	4	124	124	100	2
South Dakota	35	35	100	2	70	70	100	2
Tennessee	16	33	48	4	99	99	100	2
Texas	16	31	52	2/4^[b]	150	150	100	2
Utah	15	29	52	4	75	75	100	2
Vermont	30	30	100	2	150	150	100	2
Virginia	0	40	0	4	0	100	0	2
Washington	25	49	51	4	98	98	100	2
West Virginia	17	34	50	4	100	100	100	2
Wisconsin	16	33	48	4	99	99	100	2
Wyoming	15	30	50	4	60	60	100	2
Total	1281	1972	65	N/A	4595	5411	85	N/A

Electoral predictions[edit]

Louis Jacobson of The Cook Political Report predicted that Republican-held chambers that could potentially flip to Democratic control included both chambers in Arizona, the Florida Senate, both chambers in Georgia, the Iowa House, the Michigan House, the Minnesota Senate, both chambers in North Carolina, both chambers in Pennsylvania, and the Texas House. He predicted that Republicans could potentially gain control of the Maine Senate, the Minnesota House, and both chambers in New Hampshire, all of which were controlled by the Democratic Party. Additionally, Jacobson predicted that Republicans could win control of the Alaska House, which was currently controlled by a coalition of Democrats and Republicans.^[9]

Writing for Sabato's Crystal Ball, Chaz Nuttycombe highlighted the Alaska House and the New Hampshire Senate as the top pick-up opportunities for Republicans, and lists the Arizona House, the Arizona Senate, the Iowa House, the Michigan House, the Minnesota Senate, the North Carolina House, the North Carolina Senate, the Pennsylvania House, and the Texas House as the top pick-up opportunities for Democrats.^[10]

State summaries[edit]

Alaska[edit]

Half of the seats of the Alaska Senate and all of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. The Alaska Senate is controlled by Republicans, while the Alaska House of Representatives is controlled by a coalition of Democrats, Republicans, and independents.^[11] The Alaska House of Representatives is currently the only state legislative chamber controlled by a cross-partisan coalition.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	13	13
	Democratic	7	7
Total		20	20

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Coalition	23^[d]	22^[e]	1
	Republican	17	18	1
Total		40	40

Arizona[edit]

All of the seats of the Arizona Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans have a government trifecta with control of the governorship and both state legislative chambers.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	17	16	1
	Democratic	13	14	1
Total		30	30

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Republican	31	31
	Democratic	29	29
Total		60	60

Arkansas[edit]

Half of the seats of the Arkansas Senate and all of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	26	28	2
	Democratic	9	7	2
Total		35	35

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	76	77	1
	Democratic	24	23	1
Total		100	100

California[edit]

Half of the seats of the California State Senate and all of the seats of the California State Assembly were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	29	31	2
	Republican	11	9	2
Total		40	40

State Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	61	60	1
	Republican	18	19	1
	Independent	1	1
Total		80	80

Colorado[edit]

Half of the seats of the Colorado Senate and all of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	19	20	1
	Republican	16	15	1
Total		35	35

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	41	41
	Republican	24	24
Total		65	65

Connecticut[edit]

All of the seats of the Connecticut State Senate and the Connecticut House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	22	24	2
	Republican	14	12	2
Total		36	36

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	97	97
	Republican	54	54
Total		151	151

Delaware[edit]

Half of the seats of the Delaware Senate and all of the seats of the Delaware House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	12	14	2
	Republican	9	7	2
Total		21	21

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	26	26
	Republican	15	15
Total		41	41

Florida[edit]

Half of the seats of the Florida Senate and all of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	23	24	1
	Democratic	17	16	1
Total		40	40

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	71	78	7
	Democratic	46	42	4
Total		120	120

Georgia[edit]

All of the seats of the Georgia State Senate and the Georgia House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	35	34	1
	Democratic	21	22	1
Total		56	56

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	105	103	2
	Democratic	75	77	2
Total		180	180

Hawaii[edit]

Half of the seats of the Hawaii Senate and all of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	24	24
	Republican	1	1
Total		25	25

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	46	47	1
	Republican	5	4	1
Total		51	51

Idaho[edit]

All of the seats of the Idaho Senate and the Idaho House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	28	28
	Democratic	7	7
Total		35	35

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	56	58	2
	Democratic	14	12	2
Total		70	70

Illinois[edit]

One third of the seats of the Illinois Senate and all of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	40	41	1
	Republican	19	18	1
Total		59	59

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	74	73	1
	Republican	44	45	1
Total		118	118

Indiana[edit]

Half of the seats of the Indiana Senate and all of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	40	39	1
	Democratic	10	11	1
Total		50	50

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	67	71	4
	Democratic	33	29	4
Total		100	100

Iowa[edit]

Half of the seats of the Iowa Senate and all of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	32	32
	Democratic	18	18
Total		50	50

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	53	59	6
	Democratic	47	41	6
Total		100	100

Kansas[edit]

All of the seats of the Kansas Senate and the Kansas House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	29	29
	Democratic	11	11
Total		40	40

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	84	86	2
	Democratic	41	39	2
Total		125	125

Kentucky[edit]

Half of the seats of the Kentucky Senate and all of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers. Because the Kentucky legislature can override gubernatorial vetoes with a simple majority vote, Republicans have a veto-proof majority in the state legislature.^[12]

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	28	30	2
	Democratic	10	8	2
Total		38	38

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	61	75	14
	Democratic	39	25	14
Total		100	100

Maine[edit]

All of the seats of the Maine Senate and the Maine House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	21	22	1
	Republican	14	13	1
Total		35	35

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	89	80	9
	Republican	57	67	10
	Independent	5	4	1
Total		151	151

Massachusetts[edit]

All of the seats of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats retained control of both chambers.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	34	37	3
	Republican	6	3	3
Total		40	40

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	127	129	2
	Republican	32	30	2
	Independent	1	1
Total		160	160

Michigan[edit]

All of the seats of the Michigan House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. The Michigan Senate did not hold regularly-scheduled elections in 2020. Republicans maintained control of the house of representatives.

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Republican	58	58
	Democratic	52	52
Total		110	110

Minnesota[edit]

All of the seats of the Minnesota Senate and the Minnesota House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans maintained control of the senate, while Democrats maintained control of the house of representatives.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	35	34	1
	Democratic (DFL)	32	33	1
Total		67	67

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic (DFL)	75	70	5
	Republican	59	64	5
Total		134	134

Missouri[edit]

Half of the seats of the Missouri Senate and all of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	24	24
	Democratic	10	10
Total		34	34

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	116	114	2
	Democratic	47	49	2
Total		163	163

Montana[edit]

Half of the seats of the Montana Senate and all of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans held control of both chambers, and also gained a government trifecta by winning the 2020 Montana gubernatorial election.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	30	31	1
	Democratic	20	19	1
Total		50	50

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	58	67	9
	Democratic	42	33	9
Total		100	100

Nebraska[edit]

Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature were up for election in 2020. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates.

Legislature
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	30	32	2
	Democratic	18	17	1
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		49	49

Nevada[edit]

Half of the seats of the Nevada Senate and all of the seats of the Nevada Assembly were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	13	12	1
	Republican	8	9	1
Total		21	21

Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	29	26	3
	Republican	13	16	3
Total		42	42

New Hampshire[edit]

All of the seats of the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans gained control of both chambers, establishing a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	10	14	4
	Democratic	14	10	4
Total		24	24

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	166	213	47
	Democratic	234	187	47
Total		400	400

New Mexico[edit]

All of the seats of the New Mexico Senate and the New Mexico House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	26	27	1
	Republican	16	15	1
Total		42	42

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	46	44	2
	Republican	24	25	1
	Independent	0	1	1
Total		70	70

New York[edit]

All of the seats of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly were up for election in 2020. Democrats held control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	39	43	4
	Republican	24	20	4
Total		63	63

State Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	105	105
	Republican	44	43	1
	Independence	1	1
	Independent	0	1	1
Total		150	150

North Carolina[edit]

All of the seats of the North Carolina Senate and the North Carolina House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	29	28	1
	Democratic	21	22	1
Total		50	50

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	65	69	4
	Democratic	55	51	4
Total		120	120

North Dakota[edit]

Half of the seats of the North Dakota Senate and the North Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	37	40	3
	Democratic-NPL	10	7	3
Total		47	47

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	79	80	1
	Democratic-NPL	15	14	1
Total		94	94

Ohio[edit]

Half of the seats of the Ohio Senate and all of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	24	25	1
	Democratic	9	8	1
Total		33	33

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	61	64	3
	Democratic	38	35	3
Total		99	99

Oklahoma[edit]

Half of the seats of the Oklahoma Senate and all of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	39	39
	Democratic	9	9
Total		48	48

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	77	82	5
	Democratic	24	19	5
Total		101	101

Oregon[edit]

Half of the seats of the Oregon State Senate and all of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

State Senate
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	18	18
	Republican	12	12
Total		30	30

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	38	37	1
	Republican	22	23	1
Total		50	50

Pennsylvania[edit]

Half of the seats of the Pennsylvania State Senate and all of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

State Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	28	28
	Democratic	21	21
Total		49	49

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	110	113	3
	Democratic	93	90	3
Total		203	203

Rhode Island[edit]

All of the seats of the Rhode Island Senate and the Rhode Island House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	33	33
	Republican	5	5
Total		38	38

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	66	65	1
	Republican	8	10	2
Total		75	75

South Carolina[edit]

All of the seats of the South Carolina Senate and the South Carolina House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	27	30	3
	Democratic	19	16	3
Total		46	46

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	80	81	1
	Democratic	43	42	1
Total		123	123

South Dakota[edit]

All of the seats of the South Dakota Senate and the South Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	30	32	2
	Democratic	5	3	2
Total		35	35

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	59	62	3
	Democratic	11	8	3
Total		70	70

Tennessee[edit]

Half of the seats of the Tennessee Senate and all of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	27	26	1
	Democratic	5	6	1
Total		33	33

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Republican	73	73
	Democratic	26	26
Total		99	99

Texas[edit]

Half of the seats of the Texas Senate and all of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	19	18	1
	Democratic	12	13	1
Total		31	31

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Republican	83	83
	Democratic	67	67
Total		150	150

Utah[edit]

Half of the seats of the Utah State Senate and all of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After
	Republican	23	23
	Democratic	6	6
Total		29	29

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	59	58	1
	Democratic	16	17	1
Total		75	75

Vermont[edit]

All of the seats of the Vermont Senate and the Vermont House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats retained control of both chambers.

State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	22	21	1
	Republican	6	7	1
	Progressive	2	2
Total		30	30

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	95	93	2
	Republican	43	45	2
	Progressive	7	7
	Independent	5	5
Total		150	150

Washington[edit]

Half of the seats of the Washington State Senate and all of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Democrats retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

State Senate
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	28	28
	Republican	21	21
Total		49	49

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	57	57
	Republican	41	41
Total		98	98

West Virginia[edit]

Half of the seats of the West Virginia Senate and all of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	20	23	3
	Democratic	14	11	3
Total		34	34

House of Delegates
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	58	76	18
	Democratic	41	24	17
	Independent	1	0	1
Total		100	100

Wisconsin[edit]

Half of the seats of the Wisconsin State Senate and all of the seats of the Wisconsin State Assembly were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

State Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	19	21	2
	Democratic	14	12	2
Total		33	33

State Assembly
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	63	61	2
	Democratic	36	38	2
Total		99	99

Wyoming[edit]

Half of the seats of the Wyoming Senate and all of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives were up for election in 2020. Republicans retained control of both chambers, maintaining a government trifecta.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	27	28	1
	Democratic	3	2	1
Total		30	30

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	50	51	1
	Democratic	9	7	2
	Libertarian	0	1	1
	Independent	1	1
Total		60	60

Territorial and federal district summaries[edit]

American Samoa[edit]

All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives are up for election. Members of the senate serve four-year terms, while members of the house of representative serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.

Guam[edit]

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of Guam are up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.

Legislature
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	10	8	2
	Republican	5	7	2
Total		15	15

Northern Mariana Islands[edit]

A portion of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate, and all of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives, are up for election. Members of the senate serve either four-year terms, while members of the house serve two-year terms.

Senate^[13]
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	6	5	1
	Independent	3	3
	Democratic	0	1	1
Total		9	9

House of Representatives^[14]
Party		Before	After	Change
	Republican	13	9	4
	Democratic	3	8	5
	Independent	3	3
Total		20	20

Puerto Rico[edit]

All of the seats of the Senate of Puerto Rico and the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico are up for election in 2020. Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives both serve four-year terms. The New Progressive Party lost control of both chambers, although the Popular Democratic Party only managed to gain majority control in the House due to the number of third party candidates elected.

Senate
Party		Before	After	Change
	Popular Democratic	4	13	9
	New Progressive	21	9	12
	Citizen's Victory Movement	0	2	2
	Puerto Rican Independence	1	1
	Project Dignity	0	1	1
	Independent	1	1
Total		27	27

House of Representatives
Party		Before	After	Change
	Popular Democratic	16	26	10
	New Progressive	34	21	13
	Citizen's Victory Movement	0	2	2
	Puerto Rican Independence	1	1
	Project Dignity	0	1	1
Total		51	51

U.S. Virgin Islands[edit]

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of the Virgin Islands are up for election in 2020. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.

Legislature
Party		Before	After	Change
	Democratic	13	10	3
	Independent	2	5	3
Total		15	15

Washington, D.C.[edit]

The Council of the District of Columbia serves as the legislative branch of the federal district of Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats are up for election in 2020. Council members serve four-year terms. Democrats retained supermajority control of the council.

Council
Party		Before	After
	Democratic	11	11
	Independent	2	2
Total		13	13

Table of partisan control[edit]

Prior to the 2020 elections, Republicans control approximately 60 percent of the state legislative chambers and 52 percent of the state legislative seats in the United States.^[1] Nationwide, approximately 40 percent of the population of the United States (including federal districts and territories) live in states with Republican control of the state government, 37 percent live in states with Democratic control, and 22 percent live in states with divided government.^[f]

This table shows the partisan control of governor's offices and state legislative chambers in each state. In situations where one party controls the governor's office and both legislative chambers (known as a "government trifecta"),^[15] that party is marked as having "overall" control of the state. Otherwise, overall control of the state is marked as being divided.

Subdivision^[16]^[17]			Before 2020 elections^[18]^[g]				After 2020 elections
Subdivision	PVI	% Pop.	Governor	Upper house	Lower house	Overall	Governor	Upper house	Lower house	Overall

Alabama	R+14	1.48	Rep	Rep 27–8	Rep 75–28	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Alaska	R+9	0.22	Rep	Rep 13–7	Coal. 22–17^[a]	Div	Rep	Rep	Coal.	Div
Arizona	R+5	2.19	Rep	Rep 17–13	Rep 31–29	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Arkansas	R+15	0.91	Rep	Rep 26–9	Rep 75–23	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
California	D+12	11.91	Dem	Dem 29–11	Dem 61–17–1	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Colorado	D+1	1.74	Dem	Dem 19–16	Dem 41–24	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Connecticut	D+6	1.07	Dem	Dem 22–14	Dem 91–60	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Delaware	D+6	0.29	Dem	Dem 12–9	Dem 26–15	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Florida	R+2	6.47	Rep	Rep 23–17	Rep 73–46	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Georgia	R+5	3.2	Rep	Rep 35–21	Rep 105–75	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Hawaii	D+18	0.43	Dem	Dem 24–1	Dem 46–5	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Idaho	R+19	0.54	Rep	Rep 28–7	Rep 56–14	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Illinois	D+7	3.82	Dem	Dem 40–19	Dem 73–44	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Indiana	R+9	2.03	Rep	Rep 40–10	Rep 67–33	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Iowa	R+3	0.95	Rep	Rep 32–18	Rep 53–47	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Kansas	R+13	0.88	Dem	Rep 29–11	Rep 84–41	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
Kentucky	R+15	1.35	Dem	Rep 28–10	Rep 62–38	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
Louisiana	R+11	1.4	Dem	Rep 27–12	Rep 68–35–2	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
Maine	D+3	0.41	Dem	Dem 21–14	Dem 88–57–6	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Maryland	D+12	1.82	Rep	Dem 32–14	Dem 99–42	Div	Rep	Dem	Dem	Div
Massachusetts	D+12	2.09	Rep	Dem 36–4	Dem 127–31–1	Div	Rep	Dem	Dem	Div
Michigan	D+1	3.01	Dem	Rep 22–16	Rep 58–51	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
Minnesota	D+1	1.7	Dem	Rep 35–32	Dem 75–59	Div	Dem	Rep	Dem	Div
Mississippi	R+9	0.9	Rep	Rep 36–16	Rep 76–45–1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Missouri	R+9	1.85	Rep	Rep 23–8	Rep 113–48	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Montana	R+11	0.32	Dem	Rep 30–20	Rep 57–43	Div	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Nebraska	R+14	0.58	Rep	NP^[h]		N/A^[h]	Rep	NP^[h]		N/A^[h]
Nevada	D+1	0.93	Dem	Dem 13–8	Dem 29–13	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
New Hampshire	Even	0.41	Rep	Dem 14–10	Dem 231–158–1	Div	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
New Jersey	D+7	2.68	Dem	Dem 25–15	Dem 52–28	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
New Mexico	D+3	0.63	Dem	Dem 26–16	Dem 45–24	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
New York	D+11	5.86	Dem	Dem 40–20	Dem 103–42–1	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
North Carolina	R+3	3.16	Dem	Rep 28–21	Rep 64–55	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
North Dakota	R+17	0.23	Rep	Rep 37–10	Rep 79–15	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Ohio	R+3	3.52	Rep	Rep 24–9	Rep 61–38	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Oklahoma	R+20	1.19	Rep	Rep 38–9	Rep 77–23	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Oregon	D+5	1.27	Dem	Dem 18–12	Dem 38–22	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Pennsylvania	Even	3.86	Dem	Rep 28–21–1	Rep 109–93	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
Rhode Island	D+10	0.32	Dem	Dem 33–5	Dem 66–9	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
South Carolina	R+8	1.55	Rep	Rep 27–19	Rep 78–44	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
South Dakota	R+14	0.27	Rep	Rep 30–5	Rep 59–11	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Tennessee	R+14	2.06	Rep	Rep 28–5	Rep 73–26	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Texas	R+8	8.74	Rep	Rep 19–11	Rep 84–66	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Utah	R+20	0.97	Rep	Rep 23–6	Rep 59–16	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Vermont	D+15	0.19	Rep	Dem 22–6–1	Dem 94–44–12	Div	Rep	Dem	Dem	Div
Virginia	D+1	2.57	Dem	Dem 21–19	Dem 55–45	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
Washington	D+7	2.29	Dem	Dem 29–20	Dem 57–41	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem	Dem
West Virginia	R+20	0.54	Rep	Rep 20–14	Rep 58–41–1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
Wisconsin	Even	1.75	Dem	Rep 18–13	Rep 63–35	Div	Dem	Rep	Rep	Div
Wyoming	R+25	0.17	Rep	Rep 27–3	Rep 50–9–1	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep
U.S. states	N/A	98.71	Rep 26–24	Rep 30–19	Rep 28–21^[i]	Rep 20–15^[j]	Rep 27–23	Rep 31–18	Rep 29–20	Rep 22–15

Washington, D.C.	D+43	0.21	Dem^[k]	Dem^[k]		Dem	Dem	Dem		Dem
American Samoa	N/A	0.02	NP/D^[l]	NP	NP	NP	NP/D^[l]	NP	NP	NP
Guam		0.05	Dem	Dem		Dem	Dem	Dem		Dem
N. Mariana Islands		0.02	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Rep	Div	Div
Puerto Rico		0.96	PNP/R^[m]	PNP	PNP	PNP	PNP/D	Div	PDP	Div
U.S. Virgin Islands		0.03	Dem	Dem		Dem	Dem	Dem		Dem
United States	Even	100	28–28	Rep 31–22^[n]	Rep 30–20	Rep 21–18	28–28	Rep 32–21^[n]	Rep 29–20	Rep 22–18
Subdivision	PVI	% Pop.	Governor	Upper house	Lower house	Overall	Governor	Upper house	Lower house	Overall
Subdivision			Before 2020 elections				After 2020 elections

Notes[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c The Alaska House of Representatives is controlled by a coalition of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The minority caucus consists of Republicans who are not part of the majority coalition.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
^ ^a ^b ^c These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.
^ Consists of 15 Democrats, 5 Republicans, and 2 Independents.
^ Consists of 15 Democrats, 3 Republicans, and 4 Independents.
^ The remaining portion of the U.S. population lives in Nebraska or American Samoa (which have non-partisan legislatures), or Puerto Rico, where the PNP has a trifecta.
^ Partisan seat figures were compiled in August 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Nebraska has a unicameral, officially non-partisan legislature. For this reason, Nebraska is not included in the overall tallies of partisan control (except for governor) and the overall control column is labeled as "N/A".
^ Republicans controlled the lower house in 29 states, Democrats controlled the lower house in 20 states, and one state, Alaska, had a lower house controlled by a coalition.
^ Republicans held a trifecta in 20 states, Democrats held a trifecta in 15 states, and 14 states had a divided government.
^ ^a ^b Washington, D.C., does not elect a governor or state legislature, but it does elect a mayor and a city council.
^ ^a ^b Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non-partisan, Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re-election in 2016. He is counted as a Democrat for the overall tally.
^ Puerto Rican Governor Wanda Vázquez Garced is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party and affiliates with the Republican Party at the national level. She is counted as a Republican in the overall tally.
^ ^a ^b The upper house tally includes the unicameral legislatures of Washington, D.C., Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Panetta, Grace (April 16, 2020). "The coronavirus crisis is drastically changing the battle for state legislatures and could completely reshape who controls Congress". Business Insider. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2020.
^ Demsas, Jerusalem (November 5, 2020). "Democrats fail to make gains in state legislative races in advance of 2021 redistricting". Vox. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
^ Mutnick, Ally; Rodriguez, Sabrina (November 4, 2020). "'A decade of power': Statehouse wins position GOP to dominate redistricting". Politico. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
^ Berman, Russell (November 10, 2020). "The Failure That Could Haunt Democrats for a Decade". The Atlantic. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
^ Brown-Kaiser, Liz; Caldwell, Leigh Ann (November 10, 2020). "Democrats blame increased Trump turnout, uphill races for failure to win state legislative seats". NBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
^ Gabriel, Trip (November 27, 2020). "How Democrats Suffered Crushing Down-Ballot Losses Across America". The New York Times.
^ McCausland, Phil (November 13, 2020). "Democrats gear up to fight gerrymandering after state House losses". NBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c "2020 Legislative Races by State and Legislative Chamber". National Conference of State Legislatures.
^ Jacobson, Louis (July 22, 2020). "July Update: Handicapping the 2020 State Legislature Races". Cook Political Report.
^ Nuttycombe, Chaz (May 7, 2020). "The State of the States: The Legislatures". University of Virginia Center for Politics.
^ Wilson, Reid (February 15, 2019). "Alaska House elects a Speaker after more than a month of gridlock". The Hill.
^ Barton, Ryland (April 14, 2020). "Kentucky Legislature Returns Tuesday To Consider Overriding Beshear Vetoes". WFPL News.
^ "Northern Mariana Islands Senate". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
^ "Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
^ Rabinowitz, Kate; Still, Ashlyn (November 17, 2019). "Democrats are dominating state-level races". Washington Post.
^ Coleman, Miles. "2016 State PVI Changes". Decision Desk HQ. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
^ "Population, Population Change, and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019 (NST-EST2019-alldata)". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 26, 2020. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
^ "2020 State & Legislative Partisan Composition" (PDF). National Conference of State Legislatures. August 1, 2020.

[AKhouse-1] The Alaska House of Representatives is controlled by a coalition of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The minority caucus consists of Republicans who are not part of the majority coalition.

[variabletermlength-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.

[Nebraska_seats-11] These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.

[15] Consists of 15 Democrats, 5 Republicans, and 2 Independents.

[16] Consists of 15 Democrats, 3 Republicans, and 4 Independents.

[20] The remaining portion of the U.S. population lives in Nebraska or American Samoa (which have non-partisan legislatures), or Puerto Rico, where the PNP has a trifecta.

[25] Partisan seat figures were compiled in August 2020.

[nebraska-26] Nebraska has a unicameral, officially non-partisan legislature. For this reason, Nebraska is not included in the overall tallies of partisan control (except for governor) and the overall control column is labeled as "N/A".

[27] Republicans controlled the lower house in 29 states, Democrats controlled the lower house in 20 states, and one state, Alaska, had a lower house controlled by a coalition.

[28] Republicans held a trifecta in 20 states, Democrats held a trifecta in 15 states, and 14 states had a divided government.

[dc-29] Washington, D.C., does not elect a governor or state legislature, but it does elect a mayor and a city council.

[AS-governor-30] Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non-partisan, Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re-election in 2016. He is counted as a Democrat for the overall tally.

[PR-governor-31] Puerto Rican Governor Wanda Vázquez Garced is a member of the Puerto Rican New Progressive Party and affiliates with the Republican Party at the national level. She is counted as a Republican in the overall tally.

[upperhousetally-32] The upper house tally includes the unicameral legislatures of Washington, D.C., Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

[panettaleg-2] Panetta, Grace (April 16, 2020). "The coronavirus crisis is drastically changing the battle for state legislatures and could completely reshape who controls Congress". Business Insider. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2020.

[3] Demsas, Jerusalem (November 5, 2020). "Democrats fail to make gains in state legislative races in advance of 2021 redistricting". Vox. Retrieved November 17, 2020.

[4] Mutnick, Ally; Rodriguez, Sabrina (November 4, 2020). "'A decade of power': Statehouse wins position GOP to dominate redistricting". Politico. Retrieved November 17, 2020.

[5] Berman, Russell (November 10, 2020). "The Failure That Could Haunt Democrats for a Decade". The Atlantic. Retrieved November 17, 2020.

[6] Brown-Kaiser, Liz; Caldwell, Leigh Ann (November 10, 2020). "Democrats blame increased Trump turnout, uphill races for failure to win state legislative seats". NBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2020.

[7] Gabriel, Trip (November 27, 2020). "How Democrats Suffered Crushing Down-Ballot Losses Across America". The New York Times.

[8] McCausland, Phil (November 13, 2020). "Democrats gear up to fight gerrymandering after state House losses". NBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2020.

[seatsup-9] "2020 Legislative Races by State and Legislative Chamber". National Conference of State Legislatures.

[ljacobson-12] Jacobson, Louis (July 22, 2020). "July Update: Handicapping the 2020 State Legislature Races". Cook Political Report.

[13] Nuttycombe, Chaz (May 7, 2020). "The State of the States: The Legislatures". University of Virginia Center for Politics.

[14] Wilson, Reid (February 15, 2019). "Alaska House elects a Speaker after more than a month of gridlock". The Hill.

[17] Barton, Ryland (April 14, 2020). "Kentucky Legislature Returns Tuesday To Consider Overriding Beshear Vetoes". WFPL News.

[18] "Northern Mariana Islands Senate". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

[19] "Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives". Ballotpedia. November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.

[21] Rabinowitz, Kate; Still, Ashlyn (November 17, 2019). "Democrats are dominating state-level races". Washington Post.

[ddhqpvi-22] Coleman, Miles. "2016 State PVI Changes". Decision Desk HQ. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved November 9, 2017.

[Census2019-23] "Population, Population Change, and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019 (NST-EST2019-alldata)". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 26, 2020. Retrieved February 8, 2020.

[24] "2020 State & Legislative Partisan Composition" (PDF). National Conference of State Legislatures. August 1, 2020.

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v t e (2019 ←) 2020 United States elections (→ 2021)
U.S. President	Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
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U.S. House (election ratings)	Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California 25th sp Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia 5th sp Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland 7th sp Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York 22nd 27th sp North Carolina 11th North Dakota Northern Mariana Islands Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia U.S. Virgin Islands Washington West Virginia Wisconsin 7th sp Wyoming
Governors	American Samoa Delaware Lt. Gov Indiana Missouri Lt. Gov Montana New Hampshire North Carolina Lt. Gov North Dakota Puerto Rico Utah Vermont Washington Lt. Gov West Virginia
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Related	Gerrymandering Postal voting Russian interference Voter suppression

v t e Legislatures of the United States
United States Congress	United States House of Representatives United States Senate
State legislatures	Alabama (H, S) Alaska (H, S) Arizona (H, S) Arkansas (H, S) California (A, S) Colorado (H, S) Connecticut (H, S) Delaware (H, S) Florida (H, S) Georgia (H, S) Hawaii (H, S) Idaho (H, S) Illinois (H, S) Indiana (H, S) Iowa (H, S) Kansas (H, S) Kentucky (H, S) Louisiana (H, S) Maine (H, S) Maryland (H, S) Massachusetts (H, S) Michigan (H, S) Minnesota (H, S) Mississippi (H, S) Missouri (H, S) Montana (H, S) Nebraska Nevada (A, S) New Hampshire (H, S) New Jersey (GA, S) New Mexico (H, S) New York (A, S) North Carolina (H, S) North Dakota (H, S) Ohio (H, S) Oklahoma (H, S) Oregon (H, S) Pennsylvania (H, S) Rhode Island (H, S) South Carolina (H, S) South Dakota (H, S) Tennessee (H, S) Texas (H, S) Utah (H, S) Vermont (H, S) Virginia (H, S) Washington (H, S) West Virginia (H, S) Wisconsin (A, S) Wyoming (H, S)
Other legislatures	District of Columbia American Samoa (H, S) Guam Northern Mariana Islands (H, S) Puerto Rico (H, S) U.S. Virgin Islands
Legislative elections	2010 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
List of U.S. state legislators