2025 Bangsamoro Parliament election

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2025 Bangsamoro Parliament election
← 2016
(as ARMM)		 May 12, 2025 Next →
All 80 seats to the Bangsamoro Parliament
(72 parliamentary district seats, 8 sectoral representatives)
41 seats needed for a majority
Turnoutpercentage
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Murad Ebrahim Suharto Mangudadatu Muslimin Sema
Party UBJP Al-Ittahad–UKB BaPa
Seats won TBD TBD TBD
Popular vote TBD TBD TBD
Percentage TBD TBD TBD
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader TBD Froilyn Mendoza Nur Misuari
Party BPP IPDP Mahardika
Seats won TBD TBD TBD
Popular vote TBD TBD TBD
Percentage TBD TBD TBD
  Seventh party Eighth party
 
Leader Jose Lorena Mamintal Adiong Jr.
Party RDP SIAP
Seats won TBD TBD
Popular vote TBD TBD
Percentage TBD TBD
Chief Minister before election

Murad Ebrahim
Independent (MILF nominee)

Chief Minister after election

TBD

The 2025 Bangsamoro Parliament election is scheduled to take place in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) on May 12 under the Bangsamoro Organic Law, the charter of the autonomous region of the Philippines.

This election will be the first regular election for the Bangsamoro Parliament and was scheduled to be held in parallel with the 2022 Philippine general election. Elected officials would assume office on June 30, 2025. They would succeed the interim Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament.

The postponement of the elections from 2022 to 2025, was caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and consequentially the absence of a Bangsamoro Electoral Code. The interim regional government and advocacy groups in Mindanao successfully campaigned to move the date of the elections.

Background[edit]

Interim parliament[edit]

When Bangsamoro was formed in 2019, the Bangsamoro Transition Authority served as an interim government of the autonomous region, and also acted as its interim parliament. The interim government is not officially divided through political party affiliation but is instead divided into two groups according to the nominating entity; the majority are nominees of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, while the rest are nominees of the Philippine national government.[1]

Under the law which postponed the elections to 2025, the President of the Philippines may appoint a new set of members for the interim parliament whose term will run until June 30, 2025.[2]

Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament composition
Political group Seats
Moro Islamic Liberation Front nominees
41 / 80
National Government nominees
39 / 80

Postponement[edit]

Originally scheduled to be held on May 9, 2022, the Bangsamoro Parliament elections was postponed. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the region was cited as justification, which led to the non-passage of a Bangsamoro Electoral Code. The electoral code would be the regional legislation that would define the parliamentary districts for the purpose of the regional elections. The electoral code would be legislated using data from the 2020 census which was likewise affected by the pandemic.[3] In order for the elections to be postponed, the Bangsamoro Organic Law needs to be amended.

The Bangsamoro interim government and some advocacy groups in Mindanao campaigned for the postponement of the polls.[4][5] Interim Chief Minister Murad Ebrahim reasoned that three years is not enough to restructure the region's government, and that the COVID-19 pandemic and delays on the release of the region's budget caused the delay in the transition process. The postponement also received opposition. Kusug Tausug in the House of Representatives believed that postponing the elections tantamount to justifying the interim Bangsamoro government's performance which it found inadequate. Sulu Governor Abdusakur Tan also opposed the extension since he wanted elected officials to lead the region by 2022.[6]

In the Congress, there was a debate if it would be necessary to hold a plebiscite for the potential postponement of the Bangsamoro elections.[7][6] The National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections, amid talks on the possible postponement of the elections, wanted the polls to be "desynchronized" or be held in a different date from the national elections since a new electoral system would be used for the regional elections.[8]

The Senate approved on final reading Senate Bill No. 2214 on September 6, 2021, proposing the postponement of elections to 2025.[9] A counterpart bill in the House of Representatives was approved on September 15.[10] As the two bills were different, it had to be reconciled in a conference committee before being submitted for the president's signature for it to become law, and for it to actually postpone the election. While both bills gave the president of the Philippines the power to appoint the members for the 2019–2022 term, the House bill gave the incumbent president Rodrigo Duterte that power, while the Senate bill gave the winner of the 2022 presidential election that power.[11] In late September, both chambers ratified the conference committee's version of the bill, giving the winning president in the 2022 election the power to appoint the members of the next transitional parliament.[12]

President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law on October 28 the bill postponing the elections to 2025.[13] However Duterte's successor was given the ability still change the parliament's whole composition once they assume office.[14]

Second interim parliament[edit]

Duterte's successor President Bongbong Marcos appointed a new set of members for the interim parliament. 49 were reappointed while are 31 new members. The composition of 41 MILF nominees and 39 government nominees were still retained.[15]

Electoral system[edit]

  Political parties (50%)
  Single member districts (40%)
  Sectoral representatives (10%)

A total of 80 seats will be contested in the 2025 Bangsamoro elections. The final composition of the parliament after the elections should satisfy the following:[16][17]

  • One half (40 seats) shall be representatives of political parties elected through a system of proportional representation.
  • Not more than 40 percent (32 seats) of the members of the parliament shall be elected from single member districts.
  • Reserved seats and sectoral representatives shall constitute at least 10 percent, which in any case should be no less than 8 seats.

The Bangsamoro parliamentary districts are yet to be constituted. The parliamentary districts will exist independently from the congressional districts used to determine representation in the national House of Representatives.[18]

The following is the distribution for the sectoral representatives seats:[17]

  • Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples (NMIP) – 2 seats
  • Settler Communities – 2 seats
  • Women – 1 seat
  • Youth – 1 seat
  • Traditional leaders – 1 seat
  • Ulama – 1 seat

The NMIPs, Traditional leaders, and Ulama representatives shall be elected in their own convention/assembly separate from the parliamentary elections. The names of the elected representatives should be submitted to the Commission on Elections seven days prior to the parliamentary elections and would be proclaimed simultaneously with the rest of the elected members of parliament.[17]

Parties[edit]

When the United Bangsamoro Justice Party (UBJP) was queried in May 2021 if they would participate in the not-yet-postponed Bangsamoro elections, they said that they were "ready" but expressed preference "there would be no election yet", so that they would keep focused on "the delivery of basic services" to residents of Bangsamoro. The UBJP is an affiliate of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, whose nominees form the majority of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament.[19]

Eligible parties should have at least 10,000 members with chapters throughout the Bangsamoro region.[20]

Contesting parties[edit]

Eight parties have registered with the Commission on Elections as of Marc 2024.[21]

Name Leader Affiliation/s
Al-Ittihad–UKB Party Suharto Mangudadatu
Bangsamoro Party (BaPa) Muslimin Sema Moro National Liberation Front
Bangsamoro People's Party (BPP)
Indigenous Peoples Democratic Party Froilyn Mendoza Lumad people
Mahardika Party Nur Misuari Moro National Liberation Front
Rayyat Development Party (RDP) Jose Lorena
Serbisyong Inklusibo-Alyansang Progresibo Party (SIAP) Mamintal Adiong Jr.
United Bangsamoro Justice Party (UBJP) Murad Ebrahim Moro Islamic Liberation Front

Sectoral representatives[edit]

Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples[edit]

Main article: 2025 Bangsamoro inter-tribal convention

Traditional leaders[edit]

Main article: 2025 Bangsamoro intra-sultanate assembly

The traditional leaders sector represent the royal sultanates in Bangsamoro.

Ulama[edit]

Main article: 2025 Bangsamoro Ulama convention

References[edit]

  1. ^ Sarmiento, Bong S. (July 7, 2021). "Rep. Mangudadatu: MILF to still lead interim Bangsamoro gov't if transition period is extended". MindaNews. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  2. ^ Sarmiento, Bong (October 29, 2021). "Duterte signs law postponing 2022 Bangsamoro polls to 2025". MindaNews. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  3. ^ Ismael, Javier Joe (August 27, 2021). "Senate agrees to postpone BARMM polls". The Manila Times. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  4. ^ Rebollido, Rommel (September 4, 2021). "Regional polls postponement to help build 'strong Bangsamoro region' – BARMM execs". Rappler. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  5. ^ "Advocates make 'last 2 minutes' effort to get BARMM transition extension". Philippine Daily Inquirer. August 31, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  6. ^ a b de la Cruz, Jovee Marie; Medenilla, Samuel (June 28, 2021). "House considers postponing first elections in BARMM". BusinessMirror. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  7. ^ "No need for plebiscite to postpone BARMM elections – Tolentino". Rappler. May 26, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  8. ^ Sarmiento, Bong S. (March 25, 2021). "Poll watchdog wants BARMM polls desynchronized from 2022 polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  9. ^ Villaruel, Jauhn Etienne (September 6, 2021). "Senate oks bill postponing BARMM election until 2025". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  10. ^ "After Senate, House passes bill postponing 2022 BARMM elections". Rappler. September 15, 2021. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  11. ^ "Barmm extension bill tracker: Postponement of polls to 2025 goes to bicam". pcij.org. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  12. ^ "Senate ratifies bicam report postponing 2022 BARMM polls". Rappler. September 27, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  13. ^ Galvez, Daphne (October 29, 2021). "Duterte OKs postponement of first BARMM elections to 2025". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  14. ^ Recuenco, Aaron (March 4, 2022). "Duterte retains composition of Bangsamoro Transition Authority". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved March 5, 2022.
  15. ^ Arguillas, Carolyn O. (August 12, 2022). "Marcos to Bangsamoro Transition Authority: no more extension; election in 2025". MindaNews. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
  16. ^ "Parliamentary & Electoral System". Access Bangsamoro. Archived from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  17. ^ a b c "Bangsamoro Electoral Code of 2023" (PDF). Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  18. ^ Panti, Llanesca (June 20, 2019). "BARMM's new parliamentary districts won't affect representation in House, says BTA member". GMA News. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  19. ^ Solaiman, Taher G. (May 13, 2021). "11 Maguindanao mayors join MILF political party". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  20. ^ "Bangsamoro leaders ask SC to nullify some provisions of region's election code". The Philippine Star. June 18, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  21. ^ Fernandez, Edwin (March 20, 2024). "BARMM parties vow peaceful regional polls". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 20, 2024.

External links[edit]

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