List of special tribunals and courts
This is a list of special or exceptional tribunals and courts for the trying of people.[1] Sometimes, courts that do not try people but curtail political freedoms are also derogatorily called "special tribunals,"[2] as well as courts that establish a privileged jurisdiction for powerful individuals or the government.[3] List coverage is through history and worldwide.
- Revolutionary Tribunal (France, 1792–1795)
- Exchequer Court of Canada (Canada, 1875–1971)
- Canadian Human Rights Commission (Canada, 1977–)
- Special Tribunal for the Defense of the State (Italy, 1926–1943)
- Sondergerichte (Germany, 1933–1945)
- People's Court (Germany) (Germany, 1934–1945)
- Special Tribunal for the Defense of the RSI State (Italy, 1943–1945)
- Court of Parties (Egypt, 1977–)
- Tribunal de Orden Público (Spain, 1963–1977)
- Audiencia Nacional of Spain (Spain, 1977–)
- Iraqi Special Tribunal (Iraq, 2003–)
- Special Tribunal for Lebanon (2009–)
- Special international tribunal for the crime of aggression (Russian invasion of Ukraine) (2023-)
See also
- Show trial
- Political trial
- A. V. Dicey's principle that people should not be judged by special courts.[1]
References
- ^ a b Laughland, John A history of political trials: from Charles I to Saddam Hussein, p.242
- ^ Nathalie Bernard-Maugiron (2008) Judges and political reform in Egypt p.221
- ^ Ian Bushnell The Federal Court of Canada: a history, 1875–1992, p.67