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Dinshaw Maneckji Petit

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Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, Bt
Born
Dinshaw Maneckji Petit

(1823-06-30)30 June 1823
Died5 May 1901(1901-05-05) (aged 77)
Bombay, India
OccupationEntrepreneur
SpouseSakarbai Panday
Children14
RelativesPetit family

Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, 1st Baronet (30 June 1823 – 5 May 1901) was an Indian entrepreneur and founder of the first textile mills in India, as well as a great philanthropist. He was part of the Petit family and became the first Petit baronet.

Family

Dinshaw Maneckji Petit was born in Bombay, British India. In 1837, he married Sakarbai Panday,[1] with whom he had 14 children (six sons and eight daughters).[2] He was survived by, among others, his son Dinshaw Petit, who became the 2nd Baronet. His granddaughter Mithuben Hormusji Petit (11 April 1892 – 16 July 1973) was a female activist in the Indian independence movement, who famously participated in Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March.

His grandson Fali, who later became Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, the 3rd Baronet, married Sylla Tata, a member of the Tata family and the sister of J. R. D. Tata, who later became the longest-serving chairman of the Tata Group, one of India's leading business conglomerates. His granddaughter Ratanbai Petit was the wife of the founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah.[3] Their daughter, Dina, was married to Bombay Dyeing chairman Neville Wadia, son of Sir Ness Wadia and Lady Evelyne Clara Powell Wadia. Neville and Dina had two children, a son, Nusli Wadia, and a daughter, Diana N. Wadia. Nusli is the current chairman of the Wadia Group. Nusli has two sons, Jehangir Wadia and Ness Wadia.

His son Dinshaw Maneckjee Petit achieved notoriety for his tax evasion and his penchant to set up shell companies to reduce his tax liability.[4] The case of Dinsaw Maneckjee Petit is one of the few occasions where the government has seen fit to lift the corporate veil, due to the egregious nature of the tax avoidance.[5]

Petit died on 5 May 1901 in Bombay. A posthumous portrait of the 1st Baronet was painted by Sir James Linton.[6]

Career

As broker to European firms, Petit amassed a large fortune during the period of speculation in Bombay at the time of the American Civil War.[6] He founded the Manockji Petit Spinning & Weaving Mills.

In 1854, Petit founded the "Persian Zoroastrian Amelioration Fund" with the aim of improving the conditions for the less fortunate Zoroastrian co-religionists in Iran. The fund succeeded in convincing a number of Iranian Zoroastrians to migrate to India (where they are today known as Iranis), and may have been instrumental in obtaining a remission of the jizya poll tax for their co-religionists in 1882.

In 1886, he became a member of the Governor-General's Legislative Council, where he was criticized for playing a pro-colonial role despite being a non-official nominee to the council. He was referred to as a "gilded sham" and a "magnificent non-entity" by the nationalists. He devoted his wealth to philanthropic objects, among the public and private charities which he endowed being the Towers of Silence and fire temples for the Parsi Zoroastrian community, a hospital for animals named Bai Sakarbai Dinshaw Petit Hospital for Animals (named after his wife), a college for women, and the Petit hospital.[1][6]

For the advancement of technical education, Petit also donated premises worth Rs. 3,00,000 at Byculla, Bombay, to the famous Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute (VJTI) (recognized by the Government of Bombay as the Central Technological Institute, Bombay Province). In winter 1923, the institute relocated to its present location in Matunga, Bombay (now Mumbai).

He was knighted by the British Crown in 1887, and on 1 September 1890, he became the first Petit baronet of Petit Hall, Bombay. The baronetcy was created with remainder to Framjee Petit, second son of the first Baronet, and the heirs male of his body, failing which to the heirs male of the body of the first Baronet. By Special Act of the Legislative Council of India, all holders of the title were to relinquish their own name on succession and assume those of the first Baronet.

The Petit surname is not traditionally Parsi and had come about in Sir Dinshaw's great-grandfather's time in the 18th century. He had worked as a shipping clerk and interpreter for the British East India Company. French merchants who dealt with the lively, short Parsi clerk called him "le petit Parsi".

Styles

  • 1823-1886: Dinshaw Maneckji Petit
  • 1886-1887: Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, C.S.I.
  • 1887-1890: Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit
  • 1890-1901: Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, Bt

References

  1. ^ a b "Sakarbai Petit Genealogy".
  2. ^ "Sir Dinshaw Manockji Petit".
  3. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1912). "Petit, Dinshaw Manockjee" . Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  4. ^ "Re: Dinshaw Maneckjee Petit".
  5. ^ "Corporate Veil Concept And In Re Sir Dinshaw Maneckji Petit Bari".
  6. ^ a b c  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Petit, Sir Dinshaw Maneckji". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 306.
Baronetage of the United Kingdom
New creation Baronet
(of Petit Hall)
1890–1901 		Succeeded by
Dinshaw Maneckjee Petit
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