General Glover House
| General Glover House | |
|---|---|
 | |
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| General information | |
| Location | Swampscott, Massachusetts |
| Address | 299 Salem Street |
| Coordinates | 42°29′04″N 70°53′54″W / 42.48436°N 70.89831°W |
| Year(s) built | 1700s |
| Designations | Eligible National Historic Landmark |
General Glover House is a 1700s colonial house, and the final home to Revolutionary War hero General John Glover, located on the Marblehead - Swampscott - Salem border.[1] The house sits on the historic 2.4 acre property, formerly known as the Glover Farm, that also contains a collection of other historic buildings representing different eras of the farms history. This is includes an old barn, inn building, and former store.
History
The main colonial farm house was originally built in 1700s prior to the American Revolution.
The house was owned by William Browne of Salem. From a prominent Salem family, he was a graduate of Harvard College and friend and classmate of John Adams.[2] He was a colonel of the Essex County militia in Salem, and was appointed as collector of the port of Salem.[3]
William Browne accepted an appointment by General Gage as judge of the superior colonial court. Browne was a British Loyalist, and because of his connection to Gage, he was listed on the Banishment Act of 1778 and was forbidden to return to Massachusetts.[1][4] This would lead to all his property, including the house and farmland being confiscated by the colonial Massachusetts government in 1780.[5] Browne would not return to the American colonies, and would go on to eventually become the Royal Governor of Bermuda.[6]
In February 1781, General John Glover purchased the house from the Massachusetts state government.[7] Glover was an American military hero, famous for rowing Washington's troops across the Delaware, the Battle of Long Island, and leading one of the first integrated regiments in the American Revolution.[8] He paid 1369 pounds for the house and 180 acres of land to the state government.[9] As recorded in Registry of Deeds:
Resolve on Petition of John Glover, Bridagadier General in the American Army: "Resolve that the committee for selling the estate of absentees in the County of Essex be, and they hereby are authorized and directed to appoint five sufficient freeholders in said Country, who are to be under oath, to appraise that part of William Brown(e), Esqrs., estate lately occupied by Thomas Vining and others, lying in Salem and Marblehead, in said Country, and said Committee are authorized and directed to give a deed to John Glover at said appeasement of said farm in behalf of this Commonwealth, and to take in pay notes given him by this State for his wages etc., which shall become payable in March next, at the real value, and the balance if any to be paid, in current money." (February 17, 1781) [10]
John Glover moved to his farmhouse in 1782 after retiring from his military service, moving both his family and business to the house.[11] While living in the house, he stayed active in politics, and was elected as a delegate to the Massachusetts ratifying convention for the U.S. Constitution, served as town selectman, and was in the Massachusetts House of Representatives.[11]
Glover would also lead the official welcome of President George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette who came to Marblehead in 1789 to see their old army friend and thank those who served during the war.[12][13]
John Glover would continue to live at the farm, and operate his business from the house. He would propose building a canal via Forest River that would link his farm to the sea. This would permit his vessels to unload goods in Salem and bring them up in smaller boats to his store at the farm. However this was never realized.[1] John Glover would live here the remainder of his life, until his death in January 1797.[1]
After his death, the farm property was eventually sold by the Glover family. It continued to be used as a farm, until the main house eventually became the General Glover Inn.[14][15] The Inn would later become part of the Sunbeam farm, and lasted until the 1950s.
In 1957 it opened as the General Glover House Restaurant by Anthony Athanas[16] Various additions were added on to the main house, with the multiple dining rooms and bars themed to a colonial inn. The restaurant closed in the 1990s, and remains abandoned to this day.
In 2020 the property was deemed "blighted" and the Athanas family was given a deadline to address the safety concerns of the abandoned property.[17][18]
In 2022 a 140-unit condominium was proposed to be built on the land spanning Swampscott and Marblehead.[19] The proposed site plans do not currently reflect saving the original historic 1700s farmhouse of revolutionary war veteran General Glover or any of the other farm buildings.
As of 2023, the historic 1700s farmhouse, along with many of the other historic buildings remain intact on the property at 299 Salem Street but are threatened by demolition.[20]
References
- ^ a b c d Billias, George (1960). General John Glover and his Marblehead Mariners. Henry Holt and Company.
- ^ Adams, John. The Works of John Adams Vol. 10. Jazzybee Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8496-9308-4.
- ^ Boucher, Ronald L. (1973). "The Colonial Militia As a Social Institution: Salem, Massachusetts 1764-1775". Military Affairs. 37 (4): 125–130. doi:10.2307/1983774. ISSN 0026-3931. JSTOR 1983774.
- ^ Adams, John. The Works of John Adams Vol. 10. Jazzybee Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8496-9308-4.
- ^ "Marblehead History".
- ^ travis.smith-simons (2016-03-03). "Previous Governors of Bermuda". www.gov.bm.
- ^ "Marblehead Magazine Timeline".
- ^ Landrigan, Leslie (2013-12-25). "The Red, Black and White Men of Glover's Regiment Take Washington Across the Delaware". New England Historical Society.
- ^ National Register of Historic Places Inventory, Reference 72001101
- ^ Registry of Deeds, Salem, Book 138, Page 17. 1779 Act of the General Court of Mass.
- ^ a b "John Glover: Sailor, Soldier, Patriot (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov.
- ^ "Founders Online: From George Washington to the Citizens of Marblehead, 2 Novemb …". founders.archives.gov.
- ^ "John Glover". American Battlefield Trust.
- ^ "Glover Farm".
- ^ "General Glover Farm and Outbuildings".
- ^ "General Glover House Restaurant".
- ^ "General Glover House property deemed 'blighted'". Wicked Local. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
- ^ Dowd, William J. "Swampscott selectmen question safety of Glover House property". Wicked Local. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
- ^ Olson, Kris (2022-08-10). "140 housing units proposed for former Gen. Glover House property". Marblehead News. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
- ^ Dowd, William J. (2023-06-07). "Demo delay pauses Glover property development - Marblehead Current". marbleheadcurrent.org.