Humaira Begum
| Humaira Begum | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Humaira Begum at the White House with her husband, Mohammed Zahir Shah. | |
| Queen consort of Afghanistan | |
| Tenure | 8 November 1933 – 17 July 1973 |
| Installation | 8 November 1933 |
| Born | 24 July 1918 Emirate of Afghanistan |
| Died | 26 June 2002 (aged 83) Rome, Italy |
| Burial | Maranjan Hill |
| Spouse | Mohammed Zahir Shah |
| Issue | Princess Bilqis Begum Prince Muhammed Akbar Khan Crown Prince Ahmad Shah Khan Princess Maryam Begum Prince Muhammed Nadir Khan Prince Shah Mahmoud Khan Prince Muhammed Daoud Pashtunyar Khan Prince Mir Wais Khan |
| House | Barakzai |
| Father | Sardar Ahmad Shah Khan |
| Mother | Zarin Begum |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Humaira Begum (Template:Lang-fa; 24 July 1918 – 26 June 2002)[citation needed] was the wife and first cousin of King Mohammed Zahir Shah and the last queen consort of Afghanistan.
Marriage
Humaira Begum was the daughter of Sardar Ahmad Shah Khan and his first wife Zarin Begum. She married her first cousin, the Crown Prince of Afghanistan Mohammed Zahir on 7 November 1931 in Kabul.[1] Together they had six sons and two daughters:
- Princess Bilqis Begum (born 17 April 1932).
- Prince Muhammed Akbar Khan (4 August 1933 – 26 November 1942).
- Crown Prince Ahmad Shah (born 23 September 1934).
- Princess Maryam Begum (born 2 November 1936).
- Prince Muhammed Nadir Khan (born 21 May 1941).
- Prince Shah Mahmoud Khan (15 November 1946 – 7 December 2002).
- Prince Muhammed Daoud Pashtunyar Khan (born 14 April 1949).
- Prince Mir Wais Khan (born 7 January 1957).
Queen of Afghanistan
On 8 November 1933 after the assassination of her father in law Mohammed Nadir Shah her husband was proclaimed King and Humaira became Queen of Afghanistan.
In 1946 Queen Humaira created the Women's Society which was the first ever women's institute in Afghanistan. In 1959 she supported the call by the Prime minister Mohammed Daoud Khan for women to voluntary remove their veil by removing her own.[2]
Exile
In 1973, while her husband was in Italy undergoing eye surgery as well as therapy for lumbago, his cousin and former Prime Minister Mohammed Daoud Khan staged a coup d'état and established a republican government. Daoud Khan had been removed from office by Zahir Shah a decade earlier. In the August following this coup, Zahir Shah abdicated rather than risk an all-out civil war.
Humaira and Zahir Shah spent their twenty-nine years in exile in Italy living in a relatively modest four-bedroom villa in the affluent community of Olgiata on Via Cassia, north of the city of Rome. The king never had feathered any nests in foreign bank accounts, and he depended on the generosity of friends.
Death
Just weeks before she was to return to Afghanistan and be reunited with her husband who recently had returned, Begum was admitted to hospital with breathing problems and heart trouble and died two days later.[3]
Her body was returned to Afghanistan and was greeted at the airport by military personnel, tribal representatives in traditional robes, and cabinet ministers from Hamid Karzai's government. Memorial and funeral services were also held for her in two Kabul mosques. Her remains were buried in the Royal Mausoleum in Kabul.[4]
Honours
National honours
Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Supreme Sun[5]
_-_ribbon_bar.gif){kind=small}
Foreign honours
France: Grand Cross of the Order of the Legion of Honour[6][7]
Germany: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Special Issue[8]
Iranian Imperial Family: Dame Grand Cordon of the Imperial Order of the Pleiades, 1st Class
Japan: Paulownia Dame Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown
Ancestry
| Ancestors of Humaira Begum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ^ Soszynski, Henry. "AFGHANISTAN". members.iinet.net.au. Archived from the original on 13 August 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
- ^ Morgan, Robin (1996). Sisterhood is Global. Feminist Press. pp. 40. ISBN 1-55861-160-6.
- ^ "Afghan king's wife dies in Rome". BBC. 27 June 2002. Retrieved 24 August 2008.
- ^ "Ex-queen buried in Afghanistan". BBC. 30 June 2002. Retrieved 24 August 2008.
- ^ "Photo". cloudfront.net.
- ^ "Photo". cloudfront.net.
- ^ "Afghan Queen Homeira (L), French Preside".
- ^ Bildung, Bundeszentrale für politische. "Deutschlands Engagement in Afghanistan - www.bpb.de". www.bpb.de.
External links
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
- Use dmy dates from October 2012
- Afghan royal consorts
- Afghan feminists
- Queens consort
- 1918 births
- 2002 deaths
- Grand Crosses Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
- Grand Cordons of the Order of the Precious Crown
- Recipients of the Order of the Pleiades (Iran)
- Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur
- Afghan expatriates in Italy
- Afghan exiles
- Pashtun people
- Pashtun women