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Fairfield Plantation (Charleston County, South Carolina)

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Coordinates: 33°10′58″N 79°24′18″W / 33.18278°N 79.40500°W / 33.18278; -79.40500
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Fairfield Plantation
River front entrance of Fairfield Plantation in 1940
Fairfield Plantation (Charleston County, South Carolina) is located in South Carolina
Fairfield Plantation (Charleston County, South Carolina)
Fairfield Plantation (Charleston County, South Carolina) is located in the United States
Fairfield Plantation (Charleston County, South Carolina)
Nearest cityMcClellanville, South Carolina
Coordinates33°10′58″N 79°24′18″W / 33.18278°N 79.40500°W / 33.18278; -79.40500
Built1730
Architectural styleGeorgian
NRHP reference No.74001838[1]
Added to NRHPJuly 25, 1974

Fairfield Plantation,[2] also known as the Lynch House is a plantation about 5 mi (8 km) east of McClellanville in Charleston County, South Carolina. It is adjacent to the Wedge Plantation and just north of Harrietta Plantation. The plantation house was built around 1730.[3] It is located just off US Highway 17 near the Santee River.[4] It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1975.[1][3][5]

History

The house at Fairfield Plantation is believed to have been built by the Lynch family around 1730.[3] In 1758, Jacob Motte, son of Jacob Motte who was provincial treasurer, and his wife Rebecca Brewton Motte obtained the house. Their daughters, Elizabeth and Frances, both married Thomas Pinckney in succession and the house was left to Pinckney. Pinckney then left the house to his son, Thomas Pinckney Jr who in turn left it to his nephew, Captain Thomas Pinckney.[6] The plantation has remained in the Pinckney family for over 200 years.[7][8][9]

Architecture

This is a Georgian style, clapboard house on a raised basement. It has central porches on the south and north elevations. Each is pedimented and supported by six Doric columns. Two columns are engaged. The south porch on the landside is supported by brick columns. The riverside north porch has brick arch supports. The porches were probably in the late 18th century. The house has a hip roof and two cross-shaped interior chimneys.

Land side entrance circa 1970.

The house originally had four rooms on the main floor and two rooms on the second floor. The latter rooms were facing the river. After Jacob Motte acquired the house, the second floor was squared out by adding two additional rooms. The main floor is taller than the second floor. There is a horizontal band on the exterior that separates the top floor from the main floor.[3]

The south facade has a pair of nine over nine lights on each side of the door. The second floor has six over six lights above each of the first floor windows. In the second story, there are pairs of six over six lights to the left and right of the porch gable.[3]

The east and west elevations each have three four over four lights on the first floor with shorter six over six lights above on the second floor. In the late 19th century bay windows were added, though they were subsequently removed toward the end of the 20th century. The second floor has a six over six light on each side of the porch roof just inside of the bay windows. There is small nine light window over the north door.[3]

The first floor has four rooms. The larger of the front rooms has the central front entrance. The smaller room on the left is connected to the large room by a single door. The two rear rooms are the same size. They are divided by the central hall with staircase. The front rooms have barrel-vaulted fireplaces with high mantels on their back walls. The left hand rear room has had small bathroom added at a later period. The floor plan of the basement is the same as the first floor. The upper floor has four rooms with small fireplaces.[3]

Additional pictures are available.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. ^ "Fairfield Plantation". Geographic Names Information System. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved May 12, 2009.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Myers, Florence Bacher (January 7, 1974). "Fairfield Plantation" (PDF). National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form. National Park Service. Retrieved May 17, 2009.
  4. ^ "+33° 10' 58.00", −79° 24' 18.00". Google Maps. Google. Retrieved May 12, 2009.
  5. ^ "Fairfield Plantation, Charleston County (McClellanville vicinity)". National Register Properties in South Carolina. South Carolina Department of Archives and History. Retrieved May 17, 2009.
  6. ^ Barnwell, Joseph W. (August 1916). "Capt. Thomas Pinckney". Confederate Veteran. Vol. 24, no. 8. p. 342.
  7. ^ Stoney, Samuel Gaillard (1989). Simons, A.; Lapham, Samuel, Jr. (eds.). Plantations of the Carolina Low Country (7th ed.). Mineola, New York: Courier Dover. pp. 59, 138. ISBN 0-486-26089-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  8. ^ Federal Writer's Program of the Works Progress Administration (1941). South Carolina: A Guide to the Palmetto State. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 280. ISBN 1-60354-039-3.
  9. ^ "Fairfield Plantation". South Carolina Plantations. SCI-way.net. Retrieved May 17, 2009.
  10. ^ "Lynch House, U.S. Routes 17 & 701, McClellanville vicinity, Charleston County, SC (Photographs)". Historic American Buildings Survey. National Park Service. Retrieved May 18, 2009.[permanent dead link‍]
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