Acts 19
| Acts 19 | |
|---|---|
 Acts 18:27–19:6 on recto side in Papyrus 38, written about AD 250. | |
| Book | Acts of the Apostles |
| Category | Church history |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |
| Order in the Christian part | 5 |
Acts 19 is the nineteenth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records part of the third missionary journey of Paul. The author of the book containing this chapter is anonymous but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke composed this book as well as the Gospel of Luke.[1]
Text[edit]
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 41 verses.
Textual witnesses[edit]
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
- Papyrus 38 (~AD 250)
- Codex Vaticanus (325–350)
- Codex Sinaiticus (330–360)
- Codex Bezae (~400)
- Codex Alexandrinus (400–440)
- Codex Laudianus (~550)
Locations[edit]
This chapter mentions the following places (in the order of appearance):
Timeline[edit]
This part of the third missionary journey of Paul took place in ca. AD 53–55.[2]
Paul's ministry in Ephesus (19:1–22)[edit]
This part covers Paul's long stay (almost 3 years) in Ephesus, where he encountered "some disciples" of John the Baptist and confronted the influence of magic and occult in that city.[3]
Verse 4[edit]
- Then Paul said, "John indeed baptized with a baptism of repentance, saying to the people that they should believe on Him who would come after him, that is, on Christ Jesus".[4]
"Believe on him" is the translation used by the King James Version and New King James Version. The more natural phrase "believe in him" is used by the New American Standard Bible.[5]
Verse 5[edit]
- When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.[6]
Verse 14[edit]
- Also there were seven sons of Sceva, a Jewish chief priest, who did so (i.e. attempted to heal using the name of the Lord Jesus).[7]
Sceva (Greek: Σκευᾶς, translit. Skeuas) was a Jew called a "chief priest" (Greek: ιουδαιου αρχιερεως). Some scholars note that it was not uncommon for some members of the Zadokite clan to take on an unofficial high-priestly role, which may explain this moniker.[8] However, it is more likely that he was an itinerant exorcist based on the use of the Greek term (Greek: περιερχομένων, translit. perierchomenōn) "going from place to place" in Acts 19:13.[9]
In this verse, it is recorded that he had seven sons who attempted to exorcise a demon from a man in Ephesus by using the name of Jesus as an invocation. This practice is similar to the Jewish practice, originating in the Testament of Solomon, of invoking Angels to cast out demons.[9] Sorcery and exorcism are mentioned several times in Acts: Simon Magus and Elymas Bar-Jesus, and divination is illustrated by the girl at Philippi. "She was regarded as spirit-possessed, and it was the spirit who was addressed and expelled by Paul in Acts 16:16–18".[10]
Verse 15[edit]
This evil spirit had heard of both Jesus and Paul, but not of the seven sons of Sceva, which soon received 'such a beating' from the spirit 'that they ran' (Acts 19:16); theologian Conrad Gempf argues that this shows that power over evil spirits does not work in a mechanical way in the name of Jesus, but because one knows Jesus and, more importantly, is known by him.[12]
Verse 19[edit]
- Also, many of those who had practiced magic brought their books together and burned them in the sight of all. And they counted up the value of them, and it totaled fifty thousand pieces of silver.[13]
- "50,000 pieces of silver": or "50,000 drachmas" (1 drachma represents the average wage for a day) representing over 135 years' wages.[12]
Verse 21[edit]
- When these things were accomplished, Paul purposed in the Spirit, when he had passed through Macedonia and Achaia, to go to Jerusalem, saying, "After I have been there, I must also see Rome".[14]
Paul has already intended to have his trip to Jerusalem followed with a trip to Rome.[12]
The riot in Ephesus (19:23–45)[edit]
The amount of money in the scroll-burning incident (19:19) must have stirred many people, whole livelihood (that is dependent on the selling of religious objects) is threatened by the successful growth of the Christian church, and now is bolstering a serious opposition.[12]
Verse 29[edit]
- So the whole city was filled with confusion, and rushed into the theater with one accord, having seized Gaius and Aristarchus, Macedonians, Paul's travel companions.[15]
- "Aristarchus": One of Paul's travel companions, a Macedonian from Thessalonica, who is known from some references in the Acts of the Apostles (19:29; 20:4; 27:2) and Colossians 4:10.[16]
Verse 33[edit]
- And they drew Alexander out of the multitude, the Jews putting him forward. And Alexander motioned with his hand, and wanted to make his defense to the people.[17]
- "Alexander": was "to make a defense" for the Jews in order to distance themselves from the Christians.[12] Could be the Alexander of 1 Timothy 1:20 and maybe the Alexander the Coppersmith of 2 Timothy 4:14.[18]
See also[edit]
- Apollos
- Diana (mythology)
- Erastus of Corinth
- John the Baptist
- Timothy
- Related Bible parts: Acts 14, Acts 15, Acts 16, Acts 17, Acts 18, 1 Timothy 1, 2 Timothy 4
References[edit]
- ^ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
- ^ Robinson, John Arthur Thomas (1976). "Redating the New Testament", Westminster Press. 369 pages ISBN 978-1-57910-527-3
- ^ Gempf 1994, p. 1096.
- ^ Acts 19:4: NKJV
- ^ Acts 19:4: NASB
- ^ Acts 19:5 KJV
- ^ Acts 19:14 NKJV
- ^ Jeremias, Joachim (1969), Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus: An Investigation Into Economic & Social Conditions During the New Testament Period, Minneapolis: Fortress Press, p. 193, ISBN 978-1-4514-1101-0, retrieved 2013-03-01
- ^ a b Arnold, Clinton (March 2012), "Sceva, Solomon, and Shamanism: The Jewish Roots of the Problem at Colossae" (PDF), Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, 55 (1): 7–26, ISSN 0360-8808, retrieved 2013-03-01
- ^ Magic and Sorcery, Encyclopedia of the Bible, accessed 6 October 2015
- ^ Acts 19:15 NKJV
- ^ a b c d e Gempf 1994, p. 1097.
- ^ Acts 19:19 NKJV
- ^ Acts 19:21 NKJV
- ^ Acts 19:29 NKJV
- ^ Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome (2007). "70. Colossians". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 1198. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ^ Acts 19:33 NKJV
- ^ Coogan 2007, p. 351 New Testament.
Sources[edit]
- Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288810.
- Gempf, Conrad (1994). "Acts". In Carson, D. A.; France, R. T.; Motyer, J. A.; Wenham, G. J. (eds.). New Bible Commentary: 21st Century Edition (4, illustrated, reprint, revised ed.). Inter-Varsity Press. pp. 1066–1107. ISBN 9780851106489.
External links[edit]
- Acts 19 King James Bible – Wikisource
- English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)
