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André Maurois

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André Maurois (French: [mɔʁwa]; born Émile Salomon Wilhelm Herzog; 26 July 1885 – 9 October 1967) was a French author.

Biography

Maurois was born on 26 July 1885 in Elbeuf and educated at the Lycée Pierre Corneille in Rouen,[1] both in Normandy. A member of the Javal family, Maurois was the son of Ernest Herzog, a Jewish textile manufacturer, and his wife Alice Lévy-Rueff. His family had fled Alsace after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 and took refuge in Elbeuf, where they owned a woollen mill.[2] As noted by Maurois, the family brought their entire Alsatian workforce with them to the relocated mill, for which Maurois' grandfather was awarded the Legion of Honour for having "saved a French industry".[3] This family background is reflected in Maurois' "Bernard Quesnay" - the story of a young World War I veteran with artistic and intellectual inclinations who is drawn, much against his will, to work as a director in his grandfather's textile mills - a character clearly having many autobiographical elements.[4][5]

During World War I he joined the French army and served as an interpreter and later a liaison officer with the British army. His first novel, Les silences du colonel Bramble, was a witty and socially realistic account of that experience. It was an immediate success in France. It was translated and became popular in the United Kingdom and other English-speaking countries as The Silence of Colonel Bramble. Many of his other works have also been translated into English,[6] as they often dealt with British people or topics, such as his biographies of Disraeli, Byron, and Shelley.

In 1938 Maurois was elected to the prestigious Académie française. He was encouraged and assisted in seeking this post by Marshal Philippe Pétain, and he made a point of acknowledging with thanks his debt to Pétain in his 1941 autobiography, "Call no man happy" – though by the time of writing their paths had sharply diverged, Pétain having become Head of State of Vichy France.

When World War II began, he was appointed the French Official Observer attached to the British General Headquarters. In this capacity he accompanied the British Army to Belgium. He knew personally the main politicians in the French Government, and on 10 June 1940 he was sent on a mission to London. The Armistice ended that mission. Maurois was demobilised and travelled from England to Canada. He wrote of these experiences in his book, Tragedy in France.[7]

Later in World War II he served in the French army and the Free French Forces.

His Maurois pseudonym became his legal name in 1947.

He died in 1967 in Neuilly-sur-Seine after a long career as an author of novels, biographies, histories, children's books and science fiction stories. He is buried in Neuilly-sur-Seine community cemetery near Paris.

Family

Family grave.

Maurois's first wife was Jeanne-Marie Wanda de Szymkiewicz, a young Polish-Russian aristocrat who had studied at Oxford University. She had a nervous breakdown in 1918 and in 1924 she died of septicemia. After the death of his father, Maurois gave up the family business of textile manufacturing (in the 1926 novel "Bernard Quesnay" he in effect described an alternative life of himself, in which he would have plunged into the life of a textile industrialist and given up everything else all other things).

Maurois's second wife was Simone de Caillavet, the granddaughter of Anatole France's mistress Léontine Arman de Caillavet. After Germany occupied France the couple moved to the United States to help with propaganda work against the Nazis.[2]

Quotations

  • "The minds of different generations are as impenetrable one by the other as are the monads of Leibniz." (Ariel, 1923.)
  • "Without a family, man, alone in the world, trembles with the cold."[8][9]

Bibliography

  • Climats (illustrated by Jean Hugo)
  • Lelia, ou la vie de George Sand (Lelia, or the life of George Sand)
  • Histoire d'Angleterre (History of England)
  • Si-- (translation of Kipling's If--, 1918)
  • Ni Ange, Ni Bête (1919) (English, Neither Angel, Nor Beast, translated by Preston and Sylvie Shires)
  • Bernard Quesnay (1927)
  • Aspects of Biography (1929)
  • Patapoufs et Filifers (Fattypuffs and Thinifers) (1930)
  • The Next Chapter: The War Against the Moon (1928)
  • Ariel (a biography of Shelley) (1924)
  • Byron (first published in hardback by Cape in 1930)
  • Captains and Kings
  • Disraeli
  • Mape
  • Lyautey (1931)
  • The Edwardian Era (1933)
  • The Silence of Colonel Bramble
  • Kipling and His Works from a French Point of View (The Kipling Society, 1934; republished in "Rudyard Kipling: The Critical Heritage", ed. RL Green, 1971 & 1997)
  • Dickens
  • Prophets and Poets
  • The Thought Reading Machine
  • Ricochets
  • The Miracle of England
  • Chateaubriand
  • The Art of Living
  • Tragedy in France (1940) (trans. Denver Lindley; Harper & Brothers)
  • I Remember, I Remember
  • The Miracle of America
  • Why France Fell (1941)
  • Les Origines de la Guerre de 1939
  • Woman Without Love
  • My American Journal
  • Olympio: The Turbulent Life of Victor Hugo
  • To an Unknown Lady
  • Prometheus: The Life of Balzac
  • Cecil Rhodes
  • The Life of Sir Alexander Fleming: Discoverer of Penicillin
  • Adrienne, ou, La vie de Mme de La Fayette (Paris, 1960)
  • The World of Marcel Proust
  • Titans: A Three-Generation Biography of the Dumas
  • Call no man happy: Autobiography (originally published 1941; The Reprint Society, 1944.)
  • From My Journal (English, translated by Joan Charles; Harper & Brothers, 1947.)
  • "Histoire de la France" (Librairie Hachette, 1957)
  • The Art of Writing (tr. G. Hopkins, 1960)
  • Points of view from Kipling to Graham Greene (English, 1969)
  • Memoirs 1885-1967 (English, translated by Denver Lindley; Harper & Row, 1970.)
  • The Collected Short Stories of André Maurois (English, translated by Adrienne Foulke)
An Imaginary Interview
Reality Transposed
Darling, Good Evening!
Lord of the Shadows
Ariane, My Sister...
Home Port
Myrrhine
Biography
Thanatos Palace Hotel (adapted as an episode of The Alfred Hitchcock Hour)
Friends
Dinner Under the Chestnut Trees
Bodies and Souls
The Curse of Gold
For Piano Alone
The Departure
The Fault of M. Balzac
Love in Exile
Wednesday's Violets
A Career
Ten Year Later
Tidal Wave
Transference
Flowers in Season
The Will
The Campaign
The Life of Man
The Corinthian Porch
The Cathedral
The Ants
The Postcard
Poor Maman
The Green Belt
The Neuilly Fair
The Birth of a Master
Black Masks
Irène
The Letters
The Cuckoo
The House

References

  1. ^ Lycée Pierre Corneille de Rouen - History
  2. ^ a b Liukkonen, Petri. "André Maurois". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Quoted in the forward to "The Silence of Colonel Bramble"
  4. ^ Review by By C. D. Stillman, The Harvard Crimson, May 16, 1927 [1]
  5. ^ Cover of the original Gallimard edition [2]
  6. ^ His principal translator into English was Hamish Miles (1894–1937).
  7. ^ Maurois, 1940, Foreword
  8. ^ Main, Jeremy (April 1967). "The Kempers of Kansas City". Fortune.
  9. ^ Kolbert, Jack (1985). The worlds of André Maurois. Susquehanna University Press. p. 59. ISBN 0-941664-16-3.
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