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Banne

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For the town in Ukraine formerly known as Banne, see Sviatohirsk.
Banne
A general view of Banne
A general view of Banne
Coat of arms of Banne
Coat of arms
Location of Banne
Map
CountryFrance
RegionAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes
DepartmentArdèche
ArrondissementLargentière
CantonVans
IntercommunalityPays de Jalès
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2020) Jean-Claude Laganier
Area
1
32.68 km2 (12.62 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
687
 • Density21/km2 (54/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
07024 /07460
Elevation133–481 m (436–1,578 ft)
(avg. 280 m or 920 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Banne is a French commune in the Ardèche department in the Rhône-Alpes region of southern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Bannards or Bannardes.[1]

Geography

A narrow street in Banne
The Doulovy Viaduct

Banne is located some 32 km north by north-east of Alès and 40 km south by south-west of Aubenas. The southern border of the western arm of the commune is the departmental border between Ardèche and Gard. The village is at the top of a hill and seems cut in half with Le Fort to the north and L'Eglise to the south and a tangle of streets, stairways, and terraced gardens. It is an old mining town with coal deposits of high quality coke.

Access to the commune is by the D901 from Les Vans in the north which passes through the heart of the commune east of the village and continues south to Saint-Paul-le-Jeune. The D104 branches off the D901 in the south of the commune and goes north-east to Berrias-et-Casteljau. The D310 comes from the south and passes along the western edge of the commune to join the D216 to Les Vans just north of the commune. Access to the village is by the D251 from Saint-Paul-le-Jeune which continues to join the D310 in the commune. There are many hamlets in the commune apart from the village:

  • les Avelas
  • la Bildoire
  • Cheyrès
  • Garde Giral
  • les Garidels
  • la Lauze
  • le Mazel
  • Montgros
  • les Pérusses
  • Petit Brahic
  • les Pialets
  • Pigère
  • la Planète
  • le Poujol
  • le Puech
  • Sallefermouse

There is an area of farmland east of the village with most of the commune being forested.[2]

The Granzon river rises in the north of the commune and flows east forming the northern border of the commune before turning south-east then east through the commune and continuing east to join the Chassezac near Maison Neuve. Several tributaries of the Granzon rise in the commune and flow northwards to join it including the Ruisseau de Doulovy, the Ruisseau de la Combe, the Ruisseau de l'Oulette, the Ruisseau de la Vernadelle, the Ruisseau de la Sauzède, and the Ruisseau de Claveysson.[2]

The climate is of Mediterranean type.

Neighbouring communes and villages[2]

History

During the French Revolution Count François-Louis de Saillans (1742-1792) attempted a royalist counter-revolution (the 3rd Camp de Jalès) with about 6,600 peasants. He captured Fort Banne in early July 1792.[3] It was rapidly retaken by the General of Albignac who came to Bourgoin. A fire was started by the fighting which reduced the fort to ruins.

The French Revolution of 1848 was welcome in Banne and some of the inhabitants took the opportunity to challenge their mayor and ask for his revokaction by petition to the government commissioner. According to them he was protected by a former MP but he was actually part of a clique led by an opponent of Bayle and far from being motivated by republican ideals.[4]

Until the mid-20th century several coal deposits were exploited in Banne with four concessions at: Montgros, Doulovy, Sallefermouse, and Pigère-Mazel. Together with Nieigles (today Lalevade-d'Ardèche), they were the only coal mines in Ardèche department. Since the closure of the mines forest has taken over the area (Bois des Bartres). Few traces of the mines remain except the magnificent Doulovy viaduct which was built in 1876. These deposits were the continuation of the Alès mining basin.

On 29 July 1944 several companies of maquisards decimated a German column who were marching to the north at the "Battle of Banne".[5]

In 2008 the film Le Missionnaire was shot largely in the village. This was a film produced by Luc Besson , directed by Roger Delattre with Jean-Marie Bigard in the title role.

Heraldry

Arms of Banne
Arms of Banne
 The official status of the blazon remains to be determined.

Blazon:
Party per fesse: at first party per pale, 1 Azure a half-antler Or in bend, 2 Azure, a tree of Or eradicated with 4 branches in 2 concentric redortes; at second Or with a inscription BANNE Sable in Arial capital letters.



Administration

List of Successive Mayors[6]

From To Name Party Position
1848 Bayle[4]
1871 Albin Colomb
1876 Joseph Peyric
1877 Ferdinand Brahic
1889 Camille Bayle
1895 Jules Roussel
1959 Maes
1959 1983 Marcel Thibon
1983 1989 Jacquet
1989 2008 Jean-Claude Cregut
2008 2020 Jean Marie Laganier

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 687 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Template:Table Population Town

Population of Banne

Culture and heritage

Festivities and events

The Votive festival of Banne is held each year on the first weekend of August. This festival usually takes place over three days and is organized by the festival committee of Banne (CBF). It begins on Friday evening with a ball then continues on Saturday afternoon with petanque competitions and, in the evening, a grand ball. Finally on Sunday afternoon a goat trifecta is run to end up with a big meal in the evening.

Sites and Monuments

Site of the Chateau of Banne
The Church of Banne
  • The Lauze Dolmen (Neolithic) is registered as an historical monument.[7]
  • The Medieval village and the ruins of the Chateau of Banne
  • The Chayeau of Lèbres
  • The Chateau of Larque
  • The Church of Saint Peter from the 19th century contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
  • A Wayside Cross (1741) at the Place du Fort is registered as an historical object.[11]
  • The Doulovy Viaduct, a former railway bridge for the Banne mines built in 1876 (near the hamlet of Frigolet). Dimensions: 235 m long, 24 arches, 35 m high, 1.35 m wide

Environmental heritage

Several places are classified as natural areas of ecological interest, flora and fauna:[12]

  • The Bois de Païolive (Païolive Woods)
  • The Forêt de Banne (Banne forest)
  • The lower reaches of the Granzon
  • The Ganière and Abeau streams
  • Banne landscape
    Banne landscape
  • View of the Fort
    View of the Fort
  • The front of the Church
    The front of the Church
  • The Nave
    The Nave
  • Access ramp to the Chateau
    Access ramp to the Chateau

Notable people linked to the commune

  • Paul Maës, Mayor of the commune during the "Battle of Banne" on 29 July 1944: he offered himself as a hostage to prevent German reprisals.[5]

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

  1. ^ Inhabitants of Ardèche Template:Fr icon
  2. ^ a b c Google Maps
  3. ^ Albert Ceccarelli, The Revolution in l’Isle on the Sorgue and in Vaucluse, Éditions Scriba, 1989, 2-86736-018-8, p 33 Template:Fr icon
  4. ^ a b Éric Darrieux, The Reception of the Second Republic in the villages of Ardèche, in Rives nord-méditerranéennes, Paysans et pouvoirs local, le temps des révolutions, consulted on 16 May 2013 Template:Fr icon
  5. ^ a b Marc Blachère, Banne - Memoirs: the Battle of Banne Template:Fr icon.
  6. ^ List of Mayors of France Template:Fr icon
  7. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00116643 Lauze Dolmen Template:Fr icon
  8. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM07000517 Framed Stole and Maniple from Father Nadal Template:Fr icon
  9. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM07000516 Main Altar Template:Fr icon
  10. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM07000515 Pulpit Template:Fr icon
  11. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM07000514 Wayside Cross at Place du Fort Template:Fr icon
  12. ^ Communal data: Banne, Direction régionale de l'Environnement, de l'Aménagement et du Logement Template:Fr icon
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Banne.
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