Murder of Bella Bond

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For other uses, see Baby Doe (disambiguation).
Bella Bond
Bella Bond Baby Doe.jpg
Undated photograph of Bella Bond
Born Bella Neveah Amoroso-Bond
August 6, 2012[1]
Status Identified after 83 days
Died c. May - June 2015 (aged 2)
Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts
Cause of death Undetermined, manner considered as homicide[2][3]
Body discovered June 25, 2015
Other names "Baby Doe"
Known for Former unidentified decedent
Height 3 ft 1 in (0.94 m) (minimum)
3 ft 6 in (1.07 m) (maximum)
Weight 30 lb (14 kg)
Parent(s) Rachelle Bond, Joe Amoroso

Bella Neveah Amoroso-Bond[4][5] (August 18, 2012 - May or June 2015),[6][7][8] previously known as the Deer Island Jane Doe and "Baby Doe",[9][10][11] was an American child that was found dead in a plastic bag on the shore of Deer Island in Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts on June 25, 2015.[12] Authorities pursued investigation into discovering the child's identity, and all efforts had been unsuccessful until September 2015 and she remained an unidentified decedent.[13][14] An initial autopsy performed on the body did not uncover the exact cause of death, which may be either due to an accident or murder.[10][15][16] After the arrest of Bond's mother and her mother's boyfriend, authorities confirmed that Bella had been murdered.[2][17]

The girl's face was reconstructed by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children in an effort to provide the public with an estimation of the victim's appearance during life to generate tips to a potential identity and to locate the individual or individuals responsible for the disposal of her body.[18] Since the reconstruction was released and news coverage began nationwide a large amount of public attention has emerged; an estimated 56 million people have viewed reports on the case.[9][19][20][21][22] Half of these had occurred within the first week after the body was found.[23]

Discovery[edit]

Deer Island, where the body was located.

The child's body was discovered on the afternoon of June 25, 2015, inside of a plastic garbage bag on the shoreline of Deer Island in Boston, Massachusetts by a woman walking her dog, which had stopped upon finding the bag.[10][24][25] After the body was found, the public placed a series of flowers near the scene.[26] She wore only a pair of white leggings designed with a black polka-dot pattern. A zebra-print blanket was also inside the bag.[9][23][27][28] Initially, police were unsure if there would be additional bodies at the scene, so cadaver dogs were used to locate any other possible remains, which were not found.[29]

The girl was estimated by authorities to have died recently, within days of her discovery.[30] Despite that she was deceased a short amount of time, she had already begun to decompose and was impossible to identify visually, as bloating was observed on the body.[12][31] Investigators were able to conclude that she was a young child but were initially unsure of her race and ethnicity.[27][32]

The circumstances were previously unknown of how the remains had settled at the location, as the body was thought either to have been placed at the beach or drifted in the water from another location, some presuming from as far as Canada.[33][34] The beach is near a waste-water treatment plant.[35] The United States Coast Guard entered the investigation and analyzed the currents of the water in the area to estimate where the bag containing the remains could have originated from.[36][37][38] Dive teams were also used around the time the body was discovered.[39] Authorities now believe the victim had been placed at the scene, rather than to have washed upon Deer Island from another location, as the body was not in an advanced-enough stage of decomposition.[21][34][40] One of the investigators also states that there is also a possibility that the disposal may have been performed by an employee of the water treatment plant that the body was found near.[19] As the area has been regarded as a "busy" area for both workers and the public, it is possible that the bag was placed at the scene overnight, to prevent the individual from being seen.[41]

Examination[edit]

A "preliminary" autopsy was conducted on July 3 but did not successfully conclude what had caused the girl's death.[39] However, authorities do suspect foul play as a factor in the child's death.[10][42] Despite this, no signs of obvious injury have been found on the remains.[43][44] Tests were later conducted to determine if there were any toxins, drugs or alcohol present in the body, which was hoped to yield a possible explanation for the death, as the circumstances in which her remains were discarded indicate.[15][35][45] After this was completed, examiners were unable to find any trace of cleaners, such as bleach, in the remains, but continued with more testing in hopes to find another toxin as a possible cause of death.[34][46] After the identification of the victim, a conclusive cause of death had yet to be announced, yet all forms of a "natural death had been excluded" and suffocation could still have been a factor in Bella's death.[3]

The clothing found on the toddler, believed to be a "size 4T" was determined to have been manufactured by the Circo company and was likely sold at a Target store.[18][47] The blanket was believed to possibly have been made by the Cannon Mills company and sold at K-Mart.[18][35] Additionally, a hair band made from elastic material was found.[12]

She was eventually determined to be between the ages of three and five and appeared to be white with possible Hispanic ancestry.[43][48] Her hair was described as being "brown, wavy and fourteen inches in length".[49] It is presumed that the child's hair was left untrimmed for approximately two years, judging by its length.[50] It was also estimated that she was between three feet one and three feet six inches tall and weighed around thirty pounds.[24][27][34][44] There were no distinct birthmarks or scars on the body.[12] It was later discovered that the girl had pierced ears and the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children released an updated image of the child wearing earrings.[51][52] The girl appeared to have been "well-cared for" during her life, as no signs of malnutrition or abuse were noted.[42] The clothing also reinforced the theory, as investigators state.[19]

Investigators took images of the child's dental information to a nearby dentist to see if they matched any of his patients in late July. However, later examination disproved this, showing that there was actually no evidence of such a procedure on the teeth.[29]

Investigation[edit]

Reconstruction of the victim by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children

The face of the Jane Doe was eventually reconstructed digitally by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children after preceding attempts to identify the body failed.[43][53][54] The reconstruction, which was created within four hours with reliable, state-of-the-art, technology with the influence of mortuary photographs and that of "stock photographs," which would give an estimation of what a deceased individual may have looked like while alive.[35][43][55] The organization also digitally enhanced images of the leggings and the blanket found with the remains and created a poster featuring them on their website.[16][27][56] The reconstruction, created by forensic artist Christi Andrews, was released on July 2, 2015.[33][57][58] Because of the high-quality of the organization's reconstruction software, many viewers had mistaken it for an actual photograph.[31] Flyers containing images of the Jane Doe and her belongings have since been dispersed in hopes to achieve more information.[52]

The child was entered into the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System on July 4, 2015 that included details of the discovery of the subject and physical estimations. According to the child's profile, many missing persons have been excluded as possible identities, which include Shoshana Black, Paula Ramerez-Figuroa, Ofir Ben - Haim, Cassidy Gibbs and Ayla Reynolds.[12][59] In all, over one-hundred have been ruled out from the case.[60] Other leads have been pursued that involve children that have been reported missing, some of which were foreign to the United States.[39][61] Some of the potential matches for the child have been located alive.[9][33] The disappearance case of Sarah Hoggle hads also been analyzed to have a possible link to the case, yet investigators stated it was "unlikely" to have been related to this case.[62]

A press conference displaying the reconstruction and the enhanced images of the clothing and blanket was later held at the location the body was found and was also televised to ask the public in assistance with finding out who the victim was and also requested for those that may have known her, especially her parents, to identify the girl.[9][18][63] Since this, no one has come forward to claim responsibility or to confirm who the victim was.[32] Hundreds of such tips have been submitted over the phone and online and are being investigated.[9][35] Authorities do believe that the child may not have been reported missing, and the caretakers of the child could be unaware of her death, as they have found few cases that match the profile of the unidentified girl.[64]

It was speculated early on that the girl could have been murdered by a member of her family.[35][43] A criminologist stated that it did not seem likely that she would have been "murdered by a stranger," according to statistics of cases similar to the Jane Doe's.[18] The fact that she had been disposed of along with personal items reinforced such theory.[10] The fact that there have yet to be any tips from relatives claiming responsibility for the death or with information about the child has also supported the idea that family members were involved with the disposal of the body and possibly with her death.[65] Investigators also fear for other children that may have been in the care of the individuals that disposed of the body, as they could potentially be in danger.[35] There is also a possibility that the family members of the child may also be deceased, as they may have faced a similar demise as the Jane Doe.[40]

Officials during the press conference covering the case urged viewers to be aware of children that may have disappeared or gone uncounted for in the days leading up to the celebration of Independence Day.[43][66][67] It has also been acknowledged that she could have belonged to an "undocumented" family, which would explain why no matches have been achieved.[19]

Many leads have been followed that appear to match the circumstances of the case. A woman witnessed to have thrown a garbage bag over a bridge was later questioned by police, but it was later found that the content of such bag was a collection of spoiled fruit. Other individuals have stated they had seen toddlers resembling the Jane Doe, one at a store and another at a playground of a child seen with a woman clothed in a "burka." Investigators were unable to find any trace of the girl at the store through information gathered by security cameras and the subject at the playground has yet to be located. A man stated he believed he had seen the toddler in November 2014 at a laundromat with a "heavyset and "dirty blond" woman pushing the child in a stroller.[29]

Despite the popularity of the case and the amount of information that has been submitted, no tips have since resulted in discovering the identity of the Jane Doe or those responsible for dumping her body.[30][32] Although many leads have been followed and about twenty were considered to be "credible," most possible matches have been found alive and safe.[35][49][63] Police are currently focused on investigating in the local community, yet they do believe it could be possible that the girl was not from the area and are continuing to search through various cases of missing children.[32][35][59]

Investigators eventually set up a twenty-four hour hotline for those with information on the case to call. A text hotline was also created.[68] Many submitted information about potential matches, later revealed to be missing children in over half of the United States as well as European and South and Central American countries.[29][69] Nearly one-hundred billboards, including digital signs donated by Clear Channel, have also been placed across the state of Massachusetts, encouraging individuals to report tips to the anonymous hotlines created for the child.[60][70]

The DNA of Deer Island Jane Doe was analyzed and has since been used to exclude some missing persons and is also hoped to be matched to possible relatives of the girl that have had their DNA on record.[71][72] It was obtained through samples of the hair and from a tooth.[29] The DNA did not reportedly match the profiles stored in databases of known missing persons.[73] Officials stated that they have also sent samples to the University of North Texas to create a more specific profile, which is expected to be a time-consuming process.[74] Mitochondrial DNA from the bones of the child is hoped to be developed to compare to possible relatives.[75]

Besides DNA testing, authorities have also conducted efforts into forensic palynology as well as isotope examination of water found at the scene.[19][76] Results of the testing indicated that the child had spent time in the local, urban area, most likely in Boston, as traces of both pine and soot were found through the tests.[29][77] Eventually, it was also determined that she may have spent time in "any [...] New England" state and possibly others. The hair and enamel tests also indicated she could have "moved across the country.[78]"

Public interaction[edit]

Since the reconstruction and the story was publicized, an unexpectedly large amount of public interest in the case developed internationally.[10][15][79][80] Many of which acknowledged the so-called "beauty" of the girl.[81] Many people have since shared and viewed reports detailing the case on social networks, such as Twitter and Facebook.[10][43][56] Several individuals have stated in paying for the child's funeral and burial, which has yet to take place, if she was not identified.[18][82] One funeral home stated that they would donate the means to bury the child under a headstone, in order to prevent the girl to be buried in a pauper's grave.[83] Local businesses in the area began placing posters of the child in their buildings, hoping to create awareness for the case and to generate potential leads.[84] The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority explained its plans of donating a bench in memory of the girl.[35] The digital reconstruction of the child has been estimated to have been viewed around fifty-million times by the public, which officials have stated is significantly efficient in assisting with the case.[35][85]

Television host John Walsh was interviewed on the subject of the unidentified child and gave contact information for potential tips.

The local police department reported that they received a large amount of tips, some suggesting possible identities for the child, that of missing girls throughout the country.[9][32][63][82][86] Many readers online submitted to police that the girl could have been Aliya Lunsford, of West Virginia, that disappeared on September 24, 2011.[87][88] Lunsford would have been six at the time of the discovery and did bear a resemblance to the reconstruction of the Jane Doe, yet she was later excluded from the case.[12][33][88] Updates of the exclusion of Lunsford, as well as Ayla Reynolds, were published on the Massachusetts Police's Facebook page to inform those that inquired about the potential matches.[89]

Police were made aware of a possible link between the Jane Doe and that of Katherine Phillips, nicknamed as "Baby Kate," that went missing in 2011. Phillips' body has never been recovered, despite that her father has since been charged with her murder and was convicted of kidnapping.[90] Authorities have expressed their doubts of the body is that of Katherine Phillips and they planned on investigating the lead.[91] DNA between the pair would eventually be compared.[92] It was announced on July 10 that Phillips was ruled out to be "Baby Doe."[93]

On July 10, CNN News host Anderson Cooper interviewed the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children's co-founder and former emcee of America's Most Wanted, John Walsh about the case. Walsh stated that "absolutely someone knows" the identity of the Jane Doe and that in similar cases, it was often the "live-in boyfriend" or the mother of the child that had abused or neglected one of several children in a family, citing that the victim could have been "accidentally killed or starved to death." When explaining a probable reason why the girl had remained unidentified, Walsh stated that "people do not want to talk to cops," possibly due to the fear of authorities investigating their own lives, for instance, that of the family of Anjelica Castillo, whose family were illegal immigrants and never reported the victim missing due to fear of deportation. Castillo remained unidentified for twenty-two years after her murder, until an individual overheard a young woman speaking about her sister that had likely been murdered.[29] The woman was later found to be Castillo's sister and her DNA proved the match between Castillo and the unidentified victim.[94] Walsh then proceeded to encourage viewers to contact him instead, by giving the number for the show he currently hosts, The Hunt With John Walsh as well as a URL for his profile on the CNN website, assuring those submitting tips could remain anonymous.[20]

Identification[edit]

On September 18, 2015, it was announced that the girl was identified as Bella Bond, a girl from Dorchester, Massachusetts.[8][14] On September 17, 2015, a search warrant had been executed at the home of Rachelle Bond, 40, who was the child's mother.[13][95] Since the identification was made, images of the toddler from her mother's Facebook page have been released.[96] The identification was made after a neighbor reported to police a link between Bond and the Jane Doe. Apparently, the subject had noticed Bella was absent from the household and had confronted the pair, who stated that the girl had been "taken away by the Department of Children and Families," which has since been disproved.[6][97] Another report gives the description of a former roommate had his sister contact authorities after he was informed by Bella's mother about the murder.[98]

Rachelle Bond, known as a habitual drug user, had two other children that had since been removed from her custody and police commented that they had dealt with complaints that she was neglecting her daughter and had four separate encounters with Bond.[4][5] Bella's family was later interviewed after the identification was announced. Her aunt stated that she had never suspected that "Baby Doe" was Bella and the maternal grandmother of the victim was unaware that the child was ever born.[99] The Department of Children and Families had responded to two neglect complaints regarding Bella. Both cases were closed.[4][5]

Police released the detail that the child was, in fact, a murder victim and subsequently charged Michael McCarthy, the mother's boyfriend, with Bond's death and also charged her mother with being an accessory to the crime, as she is believed to have assisted McCarthy with "covering up" Bella's death.[2][5] The pair are set to be arraigned on September 21, 2015.[5][100] McCarthy was not eligible for bail, however, Rachelle was, and it was set for one million dollars.[3]

It is alleged by Rachelle that McCarthy had punched the toddler in the stomach multiple times after claiming Bella was a "demon," resulting in her death, despite that McCarthy has claimed she was also responsible.[101][4][102] Prosecutors of McCarthy allege that Bella was murdered in one of many abusive occasions after she had been uncooperative about going to bed.[3] Citing that McCarthy had decided to "calm the child down," Rachelle had not entered the room alongside her boyfriend and when she had, she had witnessed him near the girl's body, which was described to be "swollen and gray," indicating she was deceased. Rachelle Bond's attorney claims that he had threatened to murder Bella's mother if she would contact authorities and that he was responsible for hiding the victim's body.[101] A witness has stated that Bella's body had been "hidden in a fridge" for as long as one month before it was deposited on Deer Island.[103][104] McCarthy's attorney maintains that the defendant was unaware of the girl's death.[3]

Bella's biological father, Joe Amoroso, had allegedly never met his daughter, but had spoken over a telephone with her.[3] Amoroso had stated he had learned of Bella's death after being told by Rachelle while visiting her within a week before the identification was made.[105] He states that he personally believed that Bond would not have ever hurt her daughter.[106] Amoroso elaborated in another interview that he believed Rachelle had been "sedated" with an injection of heroin by her boyfriend quickly after Bella's death, as a "track mark" visible on her neck could not be the result of her own action.[3][105] Amoroso had also announced plans to bury Bella in Winthrop, Massachusetts amongst family members, stating he had decided to have the "funeral and wake services to be public."[98] Unlike her son, Bella's paternal grandmother stated that she believed Rachelle Bond was heavily involved in Bella's death and openly questioned the truthfulness of her allegations toward Michael McCarthy.[107]

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

References[edit]

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