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Betaentomopoxvirus

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Betaentomopoxvirus
Virus classification
Group:
Group I (dsDNA)
Family:
Poxviridae
Subfamily:
Entomopoxvirinae
Genus:
Betaentomopoxvirus
Type Species

Betaentomopoxvirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Poxviridae, in the subfamily Entomopoxvirinae. Lepidoptera and orthoptera insects serve as natural hosts. There are currently 16 species in this genus including the type species Amsacta moorei entomopoxvirus.[1][2]

Taxonomy

Group: dsDNA

Order: Unassigned

[2]

Structure

Viruses in Betaentomopoxvirus are enveloped, with ovoid geometries. The diameter is around 250 nm. Genomes are linear, around 225kb in length.[1]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic Arrangement Genomic Segmentation
Betaentomopoxvirus Ovoid Enveloped Linear Monopartite

Life Cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) mediates endocytosis of the virus into the host cell. Fusion with the plasma membrane to release the core into the host cytoplasm. Early phase: early genes are transcribed in the cytoplasm by viral RNA polymerase. Early expression begins at 30 minutes post-infection. Core is completely uncoated as early expression ends, viral genome is now free in the cytoplasm. Intermediate phase: Intermediate genes are expressed, triggering genomic DNA replication at approximately 100 minutes post-infection. Late phase: Late genes are expressed from 140 min to 48 hours post-infection, producing all structural proteins. Assembly of progeny virions starts in cytoplasmic viral factories, producing an spherical immature particle. This virus particle matures into brick-shaped intracellular mature virion (IMV). IMV virion can be released upon cell lysis, or can acquire a second double membrane from trans-Golgi and bud as external enveloped virion (EEV). Mature virion can be occluded in spheroids composed of spheroidin proteinhost receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. Dna templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by existing in occlusion bodies after cell death and remaining infectious until finding another host. Lepidoptera and orthoptera insects serve as the natural host.[1]

Genus Host Details Tissue Tropism Entry Details Release Details Replication Site Assembly Site Transmission
Betaentomopoxvirus Lepidoptera insects; orthoptera insects Hemocytes; fat bodies Glycosaminoglycans Lysis; budding; occlusion Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Unknown

References

  1. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  2. ^ a b ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 12 June 2015.
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