Bishop's Palace (Galveston, Texas)
Bishop's Palace | |
Location | 1402 Broadway, Galveston, Texas |
---|---|
Coordinates | 29°18′17″N 94°46′55″W / 29.30472°N 94.78194°W |
Area | 0.4 acres (0.16 ha) |
Built | 1887 | -1892
Architect | Nicholas J. Clayton |
Architectural style | Late Victorian, Eclectic |
Website | 1892 Bishop's Palace |
Part of | East End Historic District (ID75001979[1]) |
NRHP reference No. | 70000746[1] |
RTHL No. | 139 |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | August 25, 1970 |
Designated NHLDCP | May 11, 1976 |
Designated CP | May 30, 1975 |
Designated RTHL | 1967 |
The Bishop's Palace, also known as Gresham's Castle, is an ornate 19,082 square feet (1,772.8 m2)[2] Victorian-style house, located on Broadway and 14th Street in the East End Historic District of Galveston, Texas.
History
[edit]The house was built between 1887 and 1892 by Galveston architect Nicholas J. Clayton for lawyer and politician Walter Gresham, his wife Josephine, and their nine children.
Construction costs in 1892 are estimated at $250,000, while Clayton condensed many elaborate and eclectic design features onto a small homestead. Since Galveston experienced little population growth in the twentieth century, the high Victorian design of Bishop's Palace and other Clayton works from the 1890s characterize the town's architectural landscape.[3]
The Gresham mansion was made all of stone, and was sturdy enough to withstand the great hurricane of 1900. The Greshams welcomed hundreds of survivors of the hurricane into their home.[4]
In 1923 the Roman Catholic Diocese of Galveston purchased the house, and, situated across the street from the Sacred Heart Church, it served as the residence for Bishop Christopher E. Byrne.[5] After the diocesan offices were moved to Houston, the diocese opened the mansion to the public in 1963, with proceeds from tours being used to help fund the UT medical school's Newman Center, which operated in the basement.
The house is now owned by the Galveston Historical Foundation and self-guided tours are available daily. A portion of each admission supports the preservation and restoration of the property.
Layout
[edit]Bishop's Palace has four floors. The raised basement which once housed the kitchen and servant's areas now contains the store. This basement is followed by three formal floors.
First floor
[edit]- Entryway
- Parlor
- Music Room
- Rotunda Staircase
- Library/Office
- Dining Room - Mrs. Gresham painted the fresco of cherubs on the ceiling.
- Conservatory
- Pantry
- Kitchen - This room was originally just a warming kitchen, but Bishop Byrne expanded the room.
- Servant's Vestibule - Contains the dumbwaiter and the servant's staircase.
- Coat Closet - The coat closet is tucked around the back side of the rotunda staircase and contains a Pullman sink from the famed Pullman railcars.
Second floor
[edit]- Living Room - The Gresham family often listened to music here during the hot summer months.
- Bishop's Bedroom - This was originally a bedroom of one of the Gresham daughters, but Bishop Byrne chose it for his own with its private balcony and lighting. He converted the closet into a bathroom.
- Chapel - This was also previously one of the Gresham daughter's bedrooms. When the Diocese moved in, the windows were replaced with stained-glass, and a fresco depicting the four gospel writers was painted on the ceiling. The room was also outfitted with an altar and six prayer kneelers.
- Mr. Gresham's Room
- Mrs. Gresham's Room
- Bathroom - The tub in this bathroom is of note for its three spigots: one for hot, one cold, and one for rainwater.
- Bedroom for guests or the children's governess.
Third floor
[edit]- The boys' rooms
- Mrs. Gresham's art studio
- Additional storage
See also
[edit]- List of National Historic Landmarks in Texas
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Galveston County, Texas
- Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Galveston County
References
[edit]- ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.
- ^ West, Allyn (June 11, 2013). "UNLOADING GALVESTON'S BISHOP'S PALACE". Swamplot.com. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
- ^ McComb (1986), p. 99.
- ^ Teague, Wells (2000). Calling Texas Home: A Lively Look at What It Means to Be a Texan, p. 96. Wildcat Canyon Press.
- ^ McComb, David G. (2002). Galveston: A History, p. 65. University of Texas Press.
Bibliography
[edit]- Barnstone, Howard (1993). The Galveston that Was (Annotated reprint ed.). Houston: Rice University Press. ISBN 978-0890968871.
- Beasley, Ellen; Fox, Stephen (1996). Galveston Architectural Guidebook. Houston: Rice University Press. ISBN 0-89263-345-X.
- McComb, David G. (1986). Galveston: A History. Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-72053-4.
- Teague, Wells (2000). Calling Texas Home: A Lively Look at What It Means to Be a Texan. Berkeley, CA: Wildcat Canyon Press. ISBN 1-885171-38-2.
External links
[edit]- "1892 Bishop's Palace". Galveston History. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
- Long, Christopher (June 12, 2010). "Bishop's Palace". Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
- Early 20th century photographic postcards of Texas buildings at the University of Houston Digital Library
- Bishop's Palace Galveston's Grandest Home \\ I on Oklahoma Magazine[dead link]
- Historic district contributing properties in Texas
- Culture of Galveston, Texas
- Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
- National Register of Historic Places in Galveston County, Texas
- Episcopal palaces of the Catholic Church
- Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston–Houston
- Museums in Galveston, Texas
- Historic house museums in Texas
- Palaces in the United States
- Houses in Galveston, Texas
- Houses completed in 1893
- Religious buildings and structures completed in 1893
- Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks
- 1893 establishments in Texas
- National Historic Landmark District contributing properties
- Clergy houses in the United States