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Calibri

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Calibri
Calibri sample image.png
Category Sans-serif
Classification Modern[1]
Designer(s) Luc(as) de Groot
Foundry Microsoft
Date created 2002–2004
Date released 2007
License Proprietary
Metrically compatible with Carlito

Calibri (/kəˈliːbri/) is a modern sans-serif typeface family designed by Luc(as) de Groot in 2002–2004 and released to the general public in 2007, with Microsoft Office 2007 and Windows Vista.[2][3] In Office 2007, it replaced Times New Roman as the default typeface in Word[4] and replaced Arial as the default in PowerPoint, Excel, Outlook, and WordPad. Creator de Groot described its subtly rounded design as having "a warm and soft character".[3]

Calibri is part of the ClearType Font Collection, a suite of fonts from various designers released with Windows Vista. All start with the letter C to reflect that they were designed to work well with Microsoft's ClearType text rendering system, a text rendering engine designed to make text clearer to read on LCD monitors. The other fonts in the same group are Cambria, Candara, Consolas, Constantia and Corbel.[3]

Characteristics

The font features subtly rounded stems and corners that are visible at larger sizes. Its italic includes calligraphic influences, which are common in modern typefaces.[5]

The typeface includes characters from Latin, Latin extended, Greek and Cyrillic scripts. A Hebrew version is in development.[6] Calibri makes extensive use of sophisticated OpenType formatting; it features a range of ligatures as well as lining and text figures, indices (numbers enclosed by circles) up to 20, and an alternate f and g accessible by enabling the fourth and fifth stylistic sets.[7] Some features in Calibri remain unsupported by Office, including true small caps, all-caps spacing, superscript and subscript glyphs and the ability to create arbitrary fractions; these may be accessed using programs such as InDesign.

One problem with the font is a visible homoglyph, a pair of easily confused characters: the lowercase letter L and the uppercase letter i (l and I) of the Latin script are effectively indistinguishable.

The design has clear similarities to de Groot's famous and much more extensive commercial family TheSans, although this has straight ends rather than rounding.

Availability

Because of the long development of Windows Vista, Calibri's development – from 2002 to 2004 – occurred several years before the release of that OS.[1][3] It was first presented in a 2004 beta of Windows Vista, then codenamed Longhorn,[2] and first became available for use with the Beta 2 version of Office 2007, released on May 23, 2006.[8] Calibri and the rest of the ClearType Font Collection were finally released to the general public on January 30, 2007.[2]

Many cases have been reported in which documents were shown to be forged thanks to a purported creation date before Calibri was available to the general public.[2] In 2017, the font came to public attention as evidence in the Pakistani government-related "Panama Papers" case (also known as #Fontgate),[9] in which a document supposedly signed in February 2006 was found to be set in Calibri.[10][11][12] De Groot said that there was "absolutely zero chance" that the document was not a forgery.[6]

The typeface is distributed with Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Microsoft Office 2007, Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac, Microsoft Office 2010, Microsoft Office 2011 for Mac, Microsoft Office 2013, and Microsoft Office 2016. Along with Cambria, Candara, Consolas, Corbel and Constantia, it is also distributed with Microsoft Excel Viewer, Microsoft PowerPoint Viewer,[13][14] the Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack[15] for Microsoft Windows and the Open XML File Format Converter for Mac.[16] For use in other operating systems, such as GNU/Linux, cross-platform use and web use, it is not available as a freeware.

Calibri is licensed by Ascender Corporation for sale to end users, consumer electronics device manufacturers and other users, and is licensed by Monotype Imaging to printer manufacturers as part of the Vista 8 Font Set package. The typeface is available in Google Docs as of September 2010.[17]

Calibri Light

The font Calibri Light was introduced in Microsoft Windows 8. From Microsoft Word 2013 onwards, Calibri and Calibri Light are the default fonts for body text and headings respectively. Calibri Light is also commonly used in Powerpoint templates.

Carlito

A comparison between Calibri and Carlito in some of the more different glyphs.

In 2013, as part of Chrome, Google released a freely-licensed font called Carlito, which is metric-compatible to Calibri.[18] It is a modification of popular open-source font Lato, created by Łukasz Dziedzic, and so does not bear a particularly strong resemblance to Calibri. Carlito was not designed by or with the involvement of de Groot.

Awards

Calibri won the TDC2 2005 award from the Type Directors Club under the Type System category.[19]

References

  1. ^ a b Berry, John D. (2004). Now Read This: the Microsoft ClearType Collection. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corp. 
  2. ^ a b c d Phinney, Thomas. "Calibri reached the general public on January 30, 2007, with the release of Microsoft Office 2007 and Windows Vista on that date.". Quora. Retrieved 11 July 2017. 
  3. ^ a b c d Berry, John D.; De Groot, Lucas. "Case Study: Microsoft ClearType". Lucasfonts. Retrieved 11 July 2017. 
  4. ^ "Microsoft typography: Calibri". Microsoft. Retrieved 10 Dec 2011. 
  5. ^ Levien, Raph. "Microsoft’s ClearType Font Collection: A Fair and Balanced Review". Typographica. Retrieved 24 November 2014. 
  6. ^ a b van de Klundert, Mitchell. "Het Nederlandse Calibri brengt mogelijk de Pakistaanse premier ten val". Nederlandse Omroep Stichting. Retrieved 14 July 2017. 
  7. ^ Batchelor, Lee. "Opentype Features in Microsoft Word". Leeviathan. Retrieved 7 July 2015. 
  8. ^ Mondok, Matt (23 May 2006). "Office 2007 Beta 2 released for the masses". Ars Technica. Retrieved 18 July 2017. 
  9. ^ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/13/fontgate-microsoft-wikipedia-and-the-scandal-threatening-the-pakistani-pm
  10. ^ McKurdy, Euan; Saifi, Sophia. "At the center of a corruption case involving the Pakistani Prime Minister is a font". CNN. Retrieved 14 July 2017. 
  11. ^ Clark, Bryan (11 July 2017). "Microsoft's default font is at the center of a government corruption case". The Next Web. Retrieved 11 July 2017. 
  12. ^ Siddiqui, Zarin (12 July 2017). "We asked the creator of Calibri to weigh in on the JIT debate". Dawn. Retrieved 13 July 2017. 
  13. ^ "Download Excel Viewer from Official Microsoft Download Center". Microsoft. 
  14. ^ "Download PowerPoint Viewer from Official Microsoft Download Center". Microsoft. 
  15. ^ "Download Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint File Formats from Official Microsoft Download Center". Microsoft. 
  16. ^ "Download Open XML File Format Converter for Mac 1.2.1 from Official Microsoft Download Center". Microsoft. 
  17. ^ "Official Google Blog: A more fontastic Google Docs". Official Google Blog. 
  18. ^ "A thank you to Google from Desktop Linux". GNOME blog. 
  19. ^ TDC2 2005: Winning Entries

External links

  • Media related to Calibri at Wikimedia Commons
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