China National Radio
 | |
 The China National Radio Headquarters | |
| Country | China |
|---|---|
First air date | 30 December 1940 |
| Headquarters | Beijing, China |
Broadcast area | Asia-Pacific |
| Owner | China Media Group |
Launch date | 5 December 1949 |
Former names |
|
Terrestrial radio channels | 17 |
Digital radio channels | 4 |
Digital TV channels | 2 |
| Callsigns | Voice of China (external) |
Official website | cnr |
| China National Radio | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 中央人民广播电台 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中央人民廣播電台 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | Central People's Broadcasting Station | ||||||
| |||||||
China National Radio (CNR) (Chinese: 中央人民广播电台; Pinyin:Zhōngyāng Rénmín Guǎngbō Diàntái; IPA:[ʈʂʊŋ˥ i̯ɑŋ˥ ʐən˧˥ min˧ ku̯ɑŋ˨˩˧ pu̯ɔ˥ ti̯ɛn˥˩ tʰɑi̯˧]) is the national radio station of the People's Republic of China. Its headquarters are in Beijing.
History
The infrastructure began with a transmitter from Moscow to set up its first station in Yan'an (延安). It used the call sign XNCR ("New China Radio") for broadcasts, and is the first radio station set up by the Communist Party of China in 1940.[1]
In the west, it was known as the Yan'an New China Radio Station (延安新华广播电台) broadcasting two hours daily.[1] In China, it was called the Yan'an Xinhua Broadcasting Station, which was established on December 30, 1940.[2]
On March 25, 1949, it was renamed Shanbei Xinhua Broadcasting Station (陕北新华广播电台) after it departed from Yan'an. It began to broadcast in Peiping under the name of Peiping Xinhua Broadcasting Station (北平新华广播电台). On December 5, 1949, it was officially named to Central People's Broadcasting Station, two months after the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The station offered 15.5 hours of service daily.[1]
Mao Zedong emphasized that all citizens should listen to the station on May 5, 1941. The "Central Press and Broadcasting Bureau" was the driver in pushing all schools, army units, and public organizations of all levels to install loud public speakers and radio reception base.[1] By the 1960s, 70 million speakers were installed reaching the rural population of 400 million.[1]
Central People's Broadcasting Station innovated wired transmissions, which were linked to the commonly found telephone poles hanging with loud speakers. It was part of Mao's ideology of delivering "Politics on Demand". The station served as the headquarters for propaganda during the Cultural Revolution.[1]
The station was later renamed China National Radio as its English name.[2] It would move to a new building in 1998.
Present
CNR currently has seventeen channels, with 198 hours of daily broadcasting through satellite. Channel one mainly broadcasts news in Mandarin to a national audience. Channel two, Business Radio, broadcasts economic, scientific and technological information and service programs in Mandarin throughout China. Channel three, Music Radio, is an FM stereo music channel. Channel four, Metro Radio, provides life programs exclusively to the listeners in Beijing. Channel five and Channel six, Cross-straits Radio, broadcast programs for the listeners in Taiwan. Channel seven, Huaxia Radio, broadcasts programs for the listeners in Hong Kong, Macau and the Pearl River Delta. Channel eight, Nationality Radio, broadcasts programs for the minority ethnic groups in Mongolian, Tibetan, Uigur, Kazak and Korean. Channel nine, Story Radio, broadcasts entertainment programs, including comic crosstalk and storytelling series programs, etc. After the recent reform, CNR's programming and production processes are increasingly specified, targeted and personalized. CNR has 40 correspondent branches in major cities including Hong Kong and Macau, and dispatched correspondents in Taiwan.[citation needed]
Services
Radio stations
| Station | Description | Freq |
|---|---|---|
| News Radio (Literally: Voice of China[1]) 中国之声 CNR 1 |
The flagship radio station of CNR Mainly news and commentaries, 24 hours a day Major programmes: News and newspapers Summary (新闻和报纸摘要), National Network News (全国新闻联播), CNR News (央广新闻) |
on AM 540, 639, 945, 981, 1035, 1053, 1116 etc., on SW 4750, 4800, 5945, 6030, 7230, 9455, 11710, 13610, 15380, 17580 etc., and on FM 106.1 in Beijing, FM 99.0 in Shanghai, FM 89.3 in Guangzhou, FM 95.8 in Shenzhen (Frequencies on FM may vary in different cities) |
| Business Radio 经济之声 CNR 2 |
A national service, mainly business news, 24 hours a day | on AM 630, 720, 855, on SW 6175, 7245, 9620, 11665 etc., and on FM 96.6 in Beijing (Frequencies on FM may vary in different cities) |
| Music Radio 音乐之声 CNR 3 |
Broadcasting Chinese and world pop music on FM in many main cities in China, broadcasting during GMT+8 6-24 | on FM 90.0 in Beijing, FM101.2 in Shenzhen (Frequencies on FM may vary in different cities) |
| Golden Radio 经典音乐广播 CNR 4 |
Previously known as Metro Radio (都市之声) Broadcasting in Beijing only, mainly classic music, broadcasting during GMT+8 5-1 |
on FM 101.8 in Beijing |
| Zhonghua News Radio (Literally: Voice of the Chinese) 中华之声 CNR 5 |
The first Taiwan service, broadcasting in Mandarin, mainly news, entertainment, talk, broadcasting during GMT+8 5-1 | on MW 549, 765, 837, 1116 and SW 5925, 7620, 9685, 11620, 11935 in Taiwan Area, on FM 102.3 in Fuzhou, Putian, eastern coastal areas of Quanzhou and Matsu, and on FM94.9 in Xiamen, Zhangzhou, south part of Quanzhou and Kinmen |
| Shenzhou Easy Radio (Literally: Sound of the Divine Land) 神州之声 CNR 6 |
The second Taiwan service, broadcasting in dialects including Amoy, Hakka and entertainment in Mandarin, broadcasting during GMT+8 6-24 | on AM 684, 909, 1089 and SW 6165, 9170, 11905, 15710 in Taiwan Area,on FM 106.2 in Fuzhou, Putian, eastern coastal areas of Quanzhou and Matsu, and on FM107.9 in Xiamen, Zhangzhou, south part of Quanzhou and Kinmen |
| Huaxia Radio 华夏之声 CNR 7 |
The Zhujiang delta, Hong Kong and Macao Service, broadcasting in Mandarin and Cantonese, broadcasting during GMT+8 5-2 | on FM104.9 and AM1215 in Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong and Macau |
| Ethnic Minority Radio 民族之声 CNR 8 |
The Minorities Service, including Korean and Mongolian service. | CNR's minorities service (including Uygur,Tibetan and Kazakh service below) transmitted on AM and FM in radio stations of minority ethnics' areas, such as Jilin, Xinjiang, Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan etc.
Other languages on AM 1143 in Beijing, broadcasting during GMT+8 5-23 Mongolian at 5-14;Korean at 14-23 (All above are Beijing Time) |
| Story Radio 文艺之声 CNR 9 |
Broadcasting in Beijing only, all literature and entertainment programmes, broadcasting during GMT+8 5-2 | on FM 106.6 in Beijing |
| Senior Citizen Radio 老年之声 CNR 10 |
Broadcasting in Beijing only, for the elderly, including entertainment, health programmes etc., broadcasting during GMT+8 4:00-1:30 | on AM 1053 in Beijing |
| Tibetan Radio 藏语广播 CNR 11 |
Tibetan service, broadcasting during GMT+8 6-24 | on AM 1098 and SW 6010,7350,7360,9480,9530,11685,15570 |
| Happy Radio 娱乐广播 CNR 12 |
Broadcasting in Beijing only, mainly entertainment, broadcasting during GMT+8 6-2 | on AM 747 in Beijing |
| Uygur Radio 维吾尔语广播 CNR 13 |
Uygur service | on AM 1098 in Beijing |
| Hong Kong Edition 香港之声 CNR 14 |
Broadcasting in Hong Kong only,in Mandarin and Cantonese, 24 hours a day | on AM 675 (relayed by RTHK) and FM 87.8 in Hong Kong and Shenzhen |
| Highway Radio 中国交通广播 CNR 15 |
Broadcasting nationwide on highways, offering highway information | on FM 99.6 in Beijing, Tianjin, FM 101.2 in Hebei and FM 90.5 in Hunan |
| Countryside Radio 中国乡村之声 CNR 16 |
Broadcasting agricultural programmes | on AM 720 in Beijing |
| Kazakh Radio 哈萨克语广播 CNR 17 |
Kazakh service | on SW 6180,9630,11630,12055 |
TV channels
See also
- Broadcasting Corporation of China (First Nationalist Party Radio)
- China Radio International
- China Central Television
Notes
- 1.^ Not the callsign of China Media Group's international service.
References
- ^ a b c d e f Miller, Toby (2003). Television: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies. Routledge Publishing. ISBN 0-415-25502-3
- ^ a b CNR website. "CNR website." CNR introduction. Retrieved on 2007-04-29.
- ^ QVC Announces China Joint Venture, QVC news release via PR Newswire, Cleveland, OH, 20 March 2012. Retrieved: 11 August 2014.
