Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Genus:	Chrysothamnus
Species:	C. viscidiflorus
Binomial name
	Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus; (Hook.) Nutt.
Synonyms
	Synonymy Aster viscidiflorus Kuntze ; Bigelovia douglasii A.Gray ; Bigelovia glauca (A.Nelson) K.Schum. ; Bigelowia douglasii A.Gray ; Bigelowia glauca (A.Nelson) K.Schum. ; Chrysothamnus douglasii (A.Gray) Clem. & E.G.Clem. ; Chrysothamnus glaucus A.Nelson ; Chrysothamnus latifolius (D.C.Eaton) Rydb. ; Chrysothamnus leucocladus Greene ; Chrysothamnus pumilus Nutt. ; Chrysothamnus serrulatus (Torr.) Rydb. ; Chrysothamnus stenolepis Rydb. ; Chrysothamnus tortifolius (A.Gray) Greene ; Crinitaria viscidiflora Hook. ; Ericameria viscidiflora (Hook.) L.C.Anderson ; Linosyris viscidiflora (Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray ; Chrysothamnus axillaris D.D.Keck, syn of subsp. axillaris ; Chrysothamnus elegans Greene, syn of subsp. lanceolatus ; Chrysothamnus lanceolatus Nutt., syn of subsp. lanceolatus ; Chrysothamnus marianus Rydb., syn of subsp. puberulus ; Chrysothamnus puberulus (D.C.Eaton) Greene, syn of subsp. puberulus ;

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus is a species of shrub in the family Asteraceae of the Americas known by the common names yellow rabbitbrush and green rabbitbrush.

Description[edit]

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus grows up to about 150 centimeters (5 feet) in height, with spreading, brittle, pale stem branches. The leaves are up to a few centimeters long and may be thin and thread-like or up to 1 cm wide and oblong. They are glandular, resinous, and sticky.

The inflorescence is a bushy cluster of flower heads, each head 0.5–1 cm long. The flower head is lined with sticky yellow-green phyllaries and contains several yellowish protruding flowers.

The fruit is a hairy achene a few millimeters long with a wispy pappus at the tip. The species grows in sagebrush and woodland habitat.^[3]

Subspecies and varieties[edit]

Subspecies and varieties include:^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus subsp. axillaris (D.D.Keck) L.C.Anderson — desert slopes in Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Utah^[4]^[5]^[8]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus subsp. lanceolatus (Nutt.) H.M.Hall & Clem. — Pennington County in South Dakota^[4]^[5]^[9]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus subsp. planifolius L.C.Anderson — Arizona^[4]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus subsp. puberulus (D.C.Eaton) H.M.Hall & Clem. — alpine zones in Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah^[4]^[5]^[10]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus subsp. viscidiflorus — alpine talus in most of the species range^[4]^[5]^[11]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. latifolius^[4]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. serrulatus (Torr.) Greene — Utah, Nevada^[4]^[12]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. stenophyllus^[4]
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. viscidiflorus^[4]

Chemistry[edit]

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus contains an unusual m-hydroxyacetophenone derivative, named viscidone, and chromanone derivatives.^[13]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

The plant is widespread across of North American in much of the western United States and western Canada, from British Columbia and Montana south to California and New Mexico, with a few populations in the Black Hills of South Dakota and in western Nebraska,^[14] as well as in South America in the Andean valleys of Chile and Argentina.

It grows easily in alkaline and saline soils, and thrives on soils that are rich in calcium.^[15] It rapidly establishes in disturbed habitat, including burns, flooded washes, and rockslides, so it is a valuable shrub for revegetating damaged land such as overgrazed rangeland and abandoned mining areas.^[15]

Ecology[edit]

It is a larval host to the sagebrush checkerspot and it is an important nectar source in the fall.^[16] Range animals such as deer and antelope browse the foliage.^[17] It often occurs with Ericameria nauseosa.^[17]

References[edit]

^ Greene Erythea 3(6): 94–95 1895
^ "Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 24 December 2017.
^ Flora of North America, Yellow or sticky-leaf rabbitbrush, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hooker) Nuttall
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Subspecies and varieties recognized by USDA — Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus Subordinate Taxa . accessed 5 September 2015
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Subspecies recognized by Calflora Database for Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus . accessed 5 September 2015
^ Subspecies recognized by The Plant List, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Kew Gardens, London.
^ Subspecies distributions from Flora of North America.
^ Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. axillaris". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.
^ Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. lanceolatus". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.
^ Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. puberulus". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.
^ Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. viscidiflorus". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.
^ Greene, Edward Lee 1895. Erythea 3(6): 96
^ Ngo, le-van; Thi, Van Cuong Pham (1981). "An unusual m-hydroxyacetophenone and three new chromanone derivatives from Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus". Phytochemistry. 20 (3): 485. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84171-0.
^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
^ ^a ^b Forest Service Fire Ecology
^ The Xerces Society (2016), Gardening for Butterflies: How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful, Beneficial Insects, Timber Press.
^ ^a ^b Taylor, Ronald J. (1994) [1992]. Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary (rev. ed.). Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. p. 144. ISBN 0-87842-280-3. OCLC 25708726.

External links[edit]

USDA Plants profile for Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (yellow rabbitbrush)
CalFlora database: Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (green rabbitbrush, stickyleaf rabbitbrush, yellow rabbitbrush) — with subspecies links
Jepson eFlora, The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley
NPIN−Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center: Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
Flora of Eastern Washington and Adjacent Idaho: Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
Southwest Colorado Wildflowers
Goldenweeds and Rabbitbrush Found East of the Cascade Mountains of Oregon and Washington: Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus ssp. lanceolatus — (green rabbitbrush, lanceleaf rabbitbrush, yellow rabbitbrush)
University of California, Calphotos photo gallery — Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
Media related to Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus at Wikimedia Commons

[1] Greene Erythea 3(6): 94–95 1895

[2] "Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 24 December 2017.

[x-3] Flora of North America, Yellow or sticky-leaf rabbitbrush, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hooker) Nuttall

[usda-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Subspecies and varieties recognized by USDA — Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus Subordinate Taxa . accessed 5 September 2015

[calflora-5] Subspecies recognized by Calflora Database for Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus . accessed 5 September 2015

[q-6] Subspecies recognized by The Plant List, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus, Kew Gardens, London.

[7] Subspecies distributions from Flora of North America.

[8] Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. axillaris". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.

[9] Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. lanceolatus". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.

[10] Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. puberulus". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.

[11] Jepson Flora Project (ed.). "C. viscidiflorus subsp. viscidiflorus". Jepson eFlora. The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley.

[12] Greene, Edward Lee 1895. Erythea 3(6): 96

[13] Ngo, le-van; Thi, Van Cuong Pham (1981). "An unusual m-hydroxyacetophenone and three new chromanone derivatives from Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus". Phytochemistry. 20 (3): 485. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84171-0.

[14] Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map

[fs-15] Forest Service Fire Ecology

[16] The Xerces Society (2016), Gardening for Butterflies: How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful, Beneficial Insects, Timber Press.

[:0-17] Taylor, Ronald J. (1994) [1992]. Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary (rev. ed.). Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. p. 144. ISBN 0-87842-280-3. OCLC 25708726.

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