Lilium columbianum
| Lilium columbianum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Liliaceae |
| Subfamily: | Lilioideae |
| Tribe: | Lilieae |
| Genus: | Lilium |
| Species: | L. columbianum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Lilium columbianum Leichtlin 1871 not Hanson 1874
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Synonymy
| |
Lilium columbianum is a lily native to western North America.[2][3] It is also known as the Columbia lily, Columbia tiger lily, or simply tiger lily (sharing the latter common name with several other lily species in its genus).
Distribution and habitat[edit]
Lilium columbianum occurs in lowland and montane forest openings and meadows from southern British Columbia in Canada south to northern California and east to Montana in the northwestern United States.[2][4] Mostly occurring below 2,000 m (6,600 ft), it usually blooms in June through early August.[2] There are a few isolated populations at high elevations in the Sierra Nevada as far south as Fresno County.[5][6]
Description[edit]
Lilium columbianum is a perennial herb[7] that grows up to 1.2 metres (3.9 ft) tall, and bears from few to numerous orange flowers with darker spots. The tepals are 3 to 6 cm long and the flowers are lightly scented. Like many true lilies, the leaves are arranged in whorls around the stem of the plant.[8][9][10][5][11]
Uses[edit]
Food[edit]
Coast Salish, Nuu-chah-nulth and most western Washington peoples steamed, boiled or pit-cooked its bulbs. Bitter or peppery-tasting, they were mostly used as a flavoring, often in soup with meat or fish.[12]
Horticulture[edit]
From seed, Lilium columbianum requires three to five years to mature. Cultivated bulbs can be divided or bulb scales may be used to generate new plants more quickly.[13]
Gallery[edit]
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Lilium columbianum flower, from a garden in Scotland. -
Columbia Lily Buds -
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Lilium columbianum by creek -
Lilium columbianum anthers -
Lilium columbianum in burned area -
The fruit is an erect capsule that is generally smooth and contains numerous flat seeds in six stacks. -
Lilium columbianum bud & flowers, at 7000 ft in Sierra Nevada
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References[edit]
- ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ a b c Sullivan, Steven. K. (2015). "Lilium columbianum". Wildflower Search. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ^ "Lilium columbianum". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture; Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2015. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ a b "Lilium columbianum". Jepson eFlora: Taxon page. Jepson Herbarium; University of California, Berkeley. 2015. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ^ Calflora taxon report, Lilium columbianum Baker Columbia lily, Columbian lily, Oregon lily
- ^ "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
- ^ "Lilium columbianum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org.
- ^ Klinkenberg, Brian, ed. (2014). "Lilium columbianum". E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ^ Giblin, David, ed. (2015). "Lilium columbianum". WTU Herbarium Image Collection. Burke Museum, University of Washington. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ^ Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur (1973). Flora of the Pacific Northwest; an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0295952733.
- ^ Pojar, Jim (2004). Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Edmonton: Lone Pine Publishing. ISBN 9781551055305.
- ^ Kruckeberg, Arthur R. (1996). Gardening with Native Plants of the Pacific Northwest: Second Edition. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 9780295974767.
External links[edit]
Media related to Lilium columbianum at Wikimedia Commons
