Cornus officinalis
| Cornus officinalis | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Cornales |
| Family: | Cornaceae |
| Genus: | Cornus |
| Subgenus: | Cornus subg. Cornus |
| Species: | C. officinalis |
| Binomial name | |
| Cornus officinalis | |
Cornus officinalis, the Japanese cornel or Japanese cornelian cherry,[1] is a species of flowering plant in the dogwood family Cornaceae. Despite its name, it is native to China and Korea as well as Japan.[2] It is not to be confused with C. mas, which is also known as the Cornelian cherry. It is not closely related to the true cherries of the genus Prunus.
Description
[edit]It is a large, strongly-growing deciduous shrub with rough flaky bark. Umbels of acid yellow flowers appear in early spring before the oval leaves. The red berries, which are edible, appear later in the summer, and the leaves turn shades of red before falling in the autumn.[3]
Etymology
[edit]In Korean it is known as sansuyu (산수유), in Chinese as shānzhūyú (山茱萸) and in Japanese as sanshuyu (さんしゅゆ).
The Latin specific epithet officinalis refers to plants which have some medicinal or culinary use - in this case the edible berries.[4]
Cultivation
[edit]The plant is valued in cultivation for providing year-round interest in the garden. It is, however, quite a substantial shrub, typically growing to 8 m (26 ft) tall and broad. The cultivar 'Kintoki', with larger and more abundant flowers, has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5][6]
Chemical constituents
[edit] | This section needs to be updated. (October 2026) |
The plant contains oleanolic acid and ursolic acid.[7] Cell cultures of C. officinalis contain gallotannins in the forms of tri-, tetra- and pentagalloylglucoses. The main tannins are 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose, 1,2,6-trigalloyl-glucose, 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl-glucose and 6-digalloyl-1,2,3-trigalloyl-glucose.[8]
Gallery
[edit]
Trunk
Bush
Leaves
Flowers
References
[edit]- ↑ "Cornus officinalis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
- ↑ "Cornus officinalis". Flora of China – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri and Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
- ↑ "Cornus officinalis". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
- ↑ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1-84533-731-5.
- ↑ "Cornus officinalis 'Kintoki'". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
- ↑ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 107. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
- ↑ Wang, R; Wang, SM; Liang, SW; Xu, GW; Weng, QF (August 2007). "胶束电动毛细管色谱法分离分析山茱萸中齐墩果酸和熊果酸" [Separation and determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from Cornus officinalis by capillary electrophoresis]. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials (in Chinese). 30 (8): 946–50. PMID 18074841.
- ↑ Yazaki, K.; Okuda, T. (1989). "Gallotannin production in cell cultures of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc". Plant Cell Reports. 8 (6): 346–349. Bibcode:1989PCelR...8..346Y. doi:10.1007/BF00716670. PMID 24233272. S2CID 38051721. INIST 7353523.
External links
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