Cyclopentolate

Cyclopentolate

Clinical data
Pregnancy category	C
Routes of administration	Topic
ATC code	S01FA04 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl (1-hydroxycyclopentyl)(phenyl)acetate
CAS Number	512-15-2 Y
PubChem CID	2905
DrugBank	DB00979 Y
ChemSpider	2802 Y
UNII	I76F4SHP7J
KEGG	D07759 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:4024 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200473 N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3048528
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.398
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H25NO3
Molar mass	291.385 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(OCCN(C)C)C(c1ccccc1)C2(O)CCCC2
InChI InChI=1S/C17H25NO3/c1-18(2)12-13-21-16(19)15(14-8-4-3-5-9-14)17(20)10-6-7-11-17/h3-5,8-9,15,20H,6-7,10-13H2,1-2H3 Y Key:SKYSRIRYMSLOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Cyclopentolate is a medication commonly used during pediatric eye examinations that dilates the eye (mydriatic), prevents accommodation of the eye to different distances (cycloplegic), and blocks specific receptors called muscarinic receptors (muscarinic antagonist). Cyclopentolate is also administered as an atropine substitute to reverse muscarinic and central nervous system effects of indirect cholinomimetic (anti-AChase) administration.

When used in eye drops in paediatric eye examinations, cyclopentolate 0.5 percent and 1.0 percent is used to stop the eye focusing at any distance closer than infinity. This enables the ophthalmologist or optometrist to obtain a more accurate reading of the correcting lenses required for clear vision at distance. Brand names include Cyclogyl, Cylate, & Pentolair.

The drops take around 30–60 minutes to work and usually less than 24 hours (pupil dilation could last up to 96 hours) to wear off (with patients advised not to drive a vehicle or operate machinery for at least 12 hours). The pupils become wider when cyclopentolate is administered, making the eyes more sensitive to light. Close objects (and possibly distant objects) will also appear blurred.

Side effects to cyclopentolate are rare, but can include effects such as disorientation, incoherent speech or visual disturbances during the 24-hour period that the drug has an effect. The side effects are more common in children.

Pupil dilation (mydriasis) caused by cyclopentolate 1% instilled into both eyes