Dinitrobenzene
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Dinitrobenzenes are chemical compounds composed of a benzene ring and two nitro group (-NO2) substituents. The three possible arrangements of the nitro groups afford three isomers, 1,2-dinitrobenzene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, and 1,4-dinitrobenzene. Each isomer has the chemical formula C6H4N2O4 and a molar mass of about 168.11 g/mol. 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is the most common isomer and it is used in the manufacture of explosives.
Properties[edit]
The dinitrobenzenes are all crystalline solids. The boiling points of the three isomers are relatively close; however, the melting points significantly differ. 1,4-Dinitrobenzene, which has the highest symmetry, has the highest melting point.
| Dinitrobenzenes | |||
| IUPAC name | 1,2-Dinitrobenzene | 1,3-Dinitrobenzene | 1,4-Dinitrobenzene |
| Other names | o-Dinitrobenzene | m-Dinitrobenzene | p-Dinitrobenzene |
| Chemical structure | |||
| CAS number | 528-29-0 | 99-65-0 | 100-25-4 |
| 25154-54-5 (Unspecified isomers)[1] | |||
| PubChem | CID 10707 from PubChem | CID 7452 from PubChem | CID 7492 from PubChem |
| Chemical formula | C6H4N2O4 | ||
| Molar mass | 168.11 g/mol | ||
| Magnetic Susceptibility | -65.98·10−6 cm3/mol | -70.53·10−6 cm3/mol | -68.30·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Physical state | solid | ||
| Appearance | white solid | yellowish solid | pale yellow solid[2] |
| Melting point | 118 °C[3] | 89.6 °C[4] | 174 °C[5] |
| Boiling point | 318 °C[3] | 297 °C[4] | 299 °C[6] |
| Density | 1.565 g/cm3 (17 °C)[6] | 1.575 g/cm3 (18 °C)[6] | 1.625 g/cm3 (18 °C)[6] |
| Vapor pressure | 0.08 Pa (30 °C)[7] | 0.07 Pa (30 °C)[7] | |
| 0.34 Pa (50 °C)[7] | 0.23 Pa (50 °C)[7] | ||
| Solubility | Insoluble in water | ||
| GHS hazards[8] | |||
| R phrases | R26/27/28-R33-R50/53 | ||
| S phrases | (S1/2)-S28-S36/37-S45-S60-S61 | ||
References[edit]
- ^ Record of CAS RN 25154-54-5 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- ^ E. B. Starkey (1939). "Org. Synth". 19: 40. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.019.0040.
- ^ a b Record of CAS RN 528-29-0 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 11 March 2008.
- ^ a b Record of CAS RN 99-65-0 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 11 March 2008.
- ^ Record of CAS RN 100-25-4 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 11 March 2008.
- ^ a b c d Brockhaus ABC Chemie, VEB F.A. Brockhaus Verlag, Leipzig 1971.
- ^ a b c d Félix-Rivera, Hilsamar (2011). "Triacetone triperoxide thermogravimetric study of vapor pressure and enthalpy of sublimation in 303–338K temperature range". Thermochimica Acta. 514 (1–2): 37–43. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2010.11.034.)
- ^ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (Second revised ed.), New York and Geneva: United Nations, 2007, ISBN 978-92-1-116957-7, ST/SG/AC.10/30/Rev.2