# Electoral College (India)

The President of India and Vice President of India are indirectly elected by means of an electoral college consisting of the Parliament of India and the Legislative assemblies of the States and the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry. The votes are based on the population in 1971 rather than the current population, as a result of the 42nd Amendment, and extended by the 84th Amendment,[1] with the intention to encourage family planning programs in the states by ensuring that states are not penalized for lowering their population growth.

## Composition

The electoral college is made up of the following:

The value of votes cast by elected members of the state legislative assemblies and both houses of parliament are determined by the provisions of article 55(2) of the Constitution of India.[2] The details of number of voters and votes for this presidential election are given below.[3] Per the 84th Amendment, the 1971 census is used, and will continue to be used until 2026.[1]

The formula for determining the number of votes held by an elector is

 ${\displaystyle {\mbox{Value of an MLA vote}}={\cfrac {\mbox{Total population of the state}}{{\mbox{Total number of elected members}}\times {1000}}}}$

That is, the average constituency size, determined by the 1971 census, in his or her state, divided by 1,000.

The number of votes for MLAs are as follows:

Sr. No. Name of state or union territory Number of Assembly seats (elective) Population (1971 Census)[3] Value of vote of each MLA Total value of votes for the state or union territory
1. Andhra Pradesh 294 43,502,708 148 43,512
2. Arunachal Pradesh 60 467,511 8 480
3. Assam 126 14,625,152 116 14,616
4. Bihar 243 42,126,236 173 42,039
5. Chhattisgarh 90 11,637,494 129 11,610
6. Delhi 70 4,065,698 58 4,060
7. Goa 40 795,120 20 800
8. Gujarat 182 26,697,475 147 26,754
9. Haryana 90 10,036,808 112 10,080
10. Himachal Pradesh 68 3,460,434 51 3468
11. Jammu and Kashmir[4] 87 6,300,000 72 6,264
12. Jharkhand 81 14,227,133 176 14,256
13. Karnataka 224 29,299,014 131 29,344
14. Kerala 140 21,347,375 152 21,280
16. Maharashtra 288 50,412,235 175 50,400
17. Manipur 60 1,072,753 18 1,080
18. Meghalaya 60 1,011,699 17 1,020
19. Mizoram 40 332,390 8 320
20. Nagaland 60 516,499 9 540
21. Odisha 147 21,944,615 149 21,903
22. Puducherry 30 471,707 16 480
23. Punjab 117 13,551,060 116 13,572
24. Rajasthan 200 25,765,806 129 25,800
25. Sikkim 32 209,843 7 224
26. Tamil Nadu 234 41,199,168 176 41,184
27. Telangana N/A N/A N/A N/A
28. Tripura 60 1,556,342 26 1,560
29. Uttar Pradesh 403 83,849,905 208 83,824
30. Uttarakhand 70 4,491,239 64 4,480
31. West Bengal 294 44,312,011 151 44,394
Total 4,120 549,302,055 549,474

Total Members of Parliament (Elected) = Lok Sabha (543) + Rajya Sabha (233) = 776

The value of a MP's vote is calculated by dividing the total value of all MLAs' votes by the number of MPs.

Value of each vote = 549,474 / 776 = 708.09, rounded to 708
Total value of votes of Parliament = 776 × 708 = 549,408
Total number of electors = MLAs + MPs = 4,896
Total number of votes = 1,098,882
 ${\displaystyle {\mbox{Value of an MP vote}}={\cfrac {\mbox{The sum of vote value of elected members of all the Legislative Assemblies}}{\mbox{The sum of elected members of both the houses of Parliament}}}}$

## References

1. ^ a b 84th Amendment
2. ^ Section 55 of the Constitution of India
3. ^ a b Election to the Office of President, 2012
4. ^ Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order