European People's Party

European People's Party
European People's Party
	Logo of the European People's Party
Leader	Donald Tusk PEC (PL); Jean-Claude Juncker PEC (LU)
President	Joseph Daul MEP (FR)
Group leader	Manfred Weber MEP (DE)
Secretary-General	Antonio López-Istúriz White MEP (ES)
Founded	8 July 1976
Headquarters	Rue du Commerce/Handelsstraat 10, 1000 — Brussels, Belgium
Think tank	Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies
Student wing	European Democrat Students
Youth wing	Youth of the European People's Party
Women's wing	Women of the European People's Party
Ideology	Liberal conservatism; Christian democracy; Pro-Europeanism
Political position	Centre-right
International affiliation	Centrist Democrat International,; International Democrat Union
European Parliament group	European People's Party
Colours	Blue
European Parliament	216 / 751
European Council	8 / 28
European Lower Houses	2,199 / 9,874
European Upper Houses	569 / 2,714
Website
	www.epp.eu
	Politics of European Union; Political parties; Elections;

The European People's Party (EPP) is a conservative and Christian democratic European political party. A transnational organisation, it is composed of other political parties, not individuals. Founded by primarily Christian democratic parties in 1976, it has since broadened its membership to include liberal-conservative parties and parties with other centre-right political perspectives.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

The EPP has been the largest party in the European Parliament since 1999 and in the European Council since 2002. It is also by far the largest party in the current European Commission. The President of the European Council, President of the European Commission and the President of the European Parliament are all from the EPP. Many of the Founding fathers of the European Union were also from parties that later formed the EPP. Outside the EU the party also controls a majority in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. The EPP has alternated with its centre-left rival the Party of European Socialists (PES) as the largest European political party and parliamentary group.

The EPP includes major centre-right parties such as the Union of Germany (CDU/CSU), The Republicans of France, Fine Gael of Ireland, Forza Italia of Italy, the People's Party (PP) of Spain and the Social Democratic Party of Portugal, but also Fidesz of Hungary, a party with views often described as far-right and xenophobic.^[7]

History

According to its website, the EPP is "the family of the political centre-right, whose roots run deep in the history and civilisation of the European continent, and [which] has pioneered the European project from its inception".^[8]

The EPP was founded in Luxembourg on 8 July 1976 on the initiative of Jean Seitlinger; Leo Tindemans, then Prime Minister of Belgium, who became the first President of the EPP; and Wilfried Martens, who later became both President of the EPP and Prime Minister of Belgium. It had been preceded by the Secretariat International des partis démocratiques d'inspiration chrétienne, founded in 1925,^[9] the Nouvelles Equipes Internationales, founded in 1946^[10] (or 1948),^[9] and the European Union of Christian Democrats, founded in 1965.^[10]

In the late 1990s the Finnish politician Sauli Niinistö negotiated the merger of the European Democrat Union (EDU), of which he was President, into the EPP. In October 2002 the EDU ceased its activities after being formally absorbed by the EPP at a special event in Estoril, Portugal. In recognition of his efforts Niinistö was elected Honorary President of the EPP the same year.

The EPP has had five Presidents:

No.	Name	Tenure	Member state
1	Leo Tindemans	1976–1985	Belgium
2	Piet Bukman	1985–1987	Netherlands
3	Jacques Santer	1987–1990	Luxembourg
4	Wilfried Martens	1990–2013	Belgium
5	Joseph Daul	2013–present	France

Platform and manifesto

Political manifesto and platform

During its Congress in Bucharest in 2012 the EPP updated its political platform after 20 years (since its Congress in Athens in 1992) and approved a political manifesto in which it summarised its main values and policies.^[11]

The manifesto highlights:

Freedom as a central human right, coupled with responsibility
Respect for traditions and associations
Solidarity to help those in need, who in turn should also make an effort to improve their situation
Ensuring solid public finances
Preserving a healthy environment
Subsidiarity
Pluralist democracy and a Social Market Economy

The manifesto also describes the EPP's priorities for the EU, including:

European Political Union
Direct election of the President of the European Commission
Completion of the European Single Market
Promotion of the family, improvements in education and health
Strengthening of the common immigration and asylum policy, and integrating immigrants
Continuation of enlargement of the EU, enhancement of the European Neighbourhood Policy and special relationship frameworks for countries that cannot, or do not want to, join the EU
Defining a true common EU energy policy
Strengthening European political parties

Electoral manifesto

As a central part of its campaign for the European elections in 2009 the EPP approved its election manifesto at its Congress in Warsaw in April that year. The manifesto called for:

Creation of new jobs, continuing reforms and investment in education, lifelong learning, and employment in order to create opportunities for everyone.^[12]
Avoidance of protectionism, and coordination of fiscal and monetary policies.^[12]
Increased transparency and surveillance in financial markets.^[12]
Making Europe the market leader in green technology.^[12]
Increasing the share of renewable energy to at least 20 per cent of the energy mix by 2020.;.^[12]
Family-friendly flexibility for working parents, better child care and housing, family-friendly fiscal policies, encouragement of parental leave.^[12]
A new strategy to attract skilled workers from the rest of the world to make Europe’s economy more competitive, more dynamic and more knowledge-driven.^[12]

Governance

The EPP operates as an international non-profit association under Belgian law according to its by-laws, the Statutes of the European People's Party (Statuts du Parti Populaire Européen), originally adopted 29 April 1976.^[13]

Presidency

The Presidency is the executive body of the party. It decides on the general political guidelines of the EPP and presides over its Political Assembly. The Presidency is composed of the President, ten Vice-Presidents, the Honorary Presidents, the Secretary General and the Treasurer. The Chairperson of the EPP Group in the European Parliament, the Presidents of the Commission, the Parliament and the Council, and the High Representative (if they are a member of an EPP member party) are all ex officio Vice-Presidents.

As of 2015 the Presidency^[14] of the EPP comprised:

Joseph Daul – President
Antonio Lopez-Isturiz White – Secretary General
Christian Schmidt – Treasurer
David McAllister – Vice-President
Johannes Hahn – Vice-President
Jyrki Katainen - Vice-President
Antonio Tajani – Vice-President
Marianne Thyssen– Vice-President
Rafał Trzaskowski – Vice-President
Kinga Gál – Vice-President
Dara Murphy – Vice-President
Paulo Rangel – Vice-President
Corien Wortmann-Kool – Vice-President
Jean-Claude Juncker – Ex officio Vice-President (President of European Commission)
Donald Tusk – Ex officio Vice-President (President of the European Council)
Manfred Weber – Ex officio Vice-President (Chairperson of the EPP Group in European Parliament)
Sauli Niinistö - Honorary President

Political Assembly

The Political Assembly defines the political positions of the EPP between Congresses, and decides on membership applications, political guidelines and the budget. The Political Assembly is composed of designated delegates from EPP member parties, associated parties, member associations and other affiliated groups. The Political Assembly meets at least three times a year.

Congress

The Congress is the highest decision-making body of the EPP. It is composed of delegates from member parties, EPP associations, EPP Group MEPs, the EPP Presidency, national heads of party and government, and European Commissioners who belong to a member party, with the numbers of delegates being weighted according to the EPP's share of MEPs, and individual delegates being elected by member parties according to member parties' rules.^[15]

Under the EPP's statutes the Congress must meet once every three years, but it also meets normally during the years of elections for the European Parliament (every five years), and extraordinary Congresses have also been summoned. The Congress elects the EPP Presidency every three years, decides on the main policy documents and electoral programmes, and provides a platform for the EPP's heads of government and party leaders.

Activities within the party

Summit

EPP leaders meet for the EPP Summit a few hours before each meeting of the European Council in order to formulate common positions. Invitations are sent by the EPP President and attendees include, besides the members of the EPP's Presidency, all Presidents and Prime Ministers who are members of the European Council and belong to the EPP; the Presidents of the European Parliament, the European Commission and the European Council, as well as the High Representative for Foreign Affairs, provided that they belong to the EPP; Deputy Prime Ministers or other ministers in those cases where the Prime Minister of a country does not belong to an EPP member party; and, where no EPP member party is part of a government, the leaders of the main EPP opposition party.

Ministerial meetings

Following the pattern of the EPP Summit the party also organises regular EPP Ministerial meetings before each meeting of the Council of the European Union, with ministers, deputy ministers, secretaries of state and MEPs in the specific policy field attending:

General Affairs
Foreign Affairs
Economy and Finance
Home Affairs
Justice
Defence
Employment and Social Affairs
Industry
Agriculture
Energy
Environment^[16]

Other activities

The EPP also organises working groups on different issues and on an ad hoc basis, as well as meetings with its affiliated members in the European Commission. It also invites individual Commissioners to the EPP Summit meetings and to EPP Ministerial meetings.

Following amendments to the EU Regulation that governs Europarties in 2007, the EPP, like the other "Europarties", is responsible for organising a pan-European campaign for the European elections every five years. According to the Lisbon Treaty, the parties must present candidates for President of the European Commission, but the EPP had already done this by endorsing Jose Manuel Barroso for a second term in April 2009.

The year 2014 saw the first fully fledged campaign of the EPP ahead of the European elections of that year. The party nominated former Luxembourgish Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker as its candidate for President of the European Commission and led a pan-European campaign in coordination with the national campaigns of all its member parties.

Activities within European institutions

The EPP holds the Presidencies of two of the three main EU institutions: the European Commission, led by President Jean-Claude Juncker (CSV), and the European Council, led by Donald Tusk (PO), who has been nominated by the EPP and took office 1 December 2014.

Overview of the European institutions

Organisation	Institution	Number of seats
European Union	European Parliament	215 / 751
European Union	Committee of the Regions	125 / 350
European Union	European Commission	14 / 28
European Union	European Council (Heads of Government)	8 / 28
European Union	Council of the European Union (Participation in Government)	17 / 28

European Commission

In 2014 the EPP nominated Jean-Claude Juncker as its candidate for election as Commission President if it won the elections for the European Parliament that year. Because the EPP won Jean-Claude Juncker's nomination was endorsed by the European Council and he was elected by an absolute majority in the European Parliament.

On 1 November 2014 Jean-Claude Juncker Commission officially took office. Juncker's Commission includes 14 EPP Commissioners out of 28.

State	Commissioner	Portfolio	Political party
Luxembourg	JunckerJean-Claude Juncker	President	CSV
Finland	KatainenJyrki Katainen	Vice-President European Commissioner for Jobs, Growth, Investment and Competitiveness	KO
Poland	BieńkowskaElżbieta Bieńkowska	Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs	PO
Latvia	DombrovskisValdis Dombrovskis	European Commissioner for the Euro and Social Dialogue	Unity
Belgium	ThyssenMarianne Thyssen	European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs, Skills and Labour Mobility	CD&V
Hungary	NavracsicsTibor Navracsics	European Commissioner for Education, Culture, Youth and Sport	Fidesz
Spain	CañeteMiguel Arias Cañete	European Commissioner for Climate Action and Energy	PP
Bulgaria	GeorgievaKristalina Georgieva	Vice-President European Commissioner for the Budget and Human Resources	GERB
Germany	OettingerGünther Oettinger	European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society	CDU
Austria	HahnJohannes Hahn	European Commissioner for European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations	ÖVP
Ireland	HoganPhil Hogan	European Commissioner for Agriculture and Rural Development	FG
Portugal	MoedasCarlos Moedas	European Commissioner for Research, Science and Innovation	PPD-PSD
Cyprus	HoganChristos Stylianides	European Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management	DISY
Greece	AvramopoulosDimitris Avramopoulos	European Commissioner for Migration, Home Affairs and Citizenship	New Democracy

European Parliament

The EPP has the largest group in the European Parliament: the EPP Group. As of 2015 it has 216 Members of the European Parliament and its chairman is the German MEP Manfred Weber.

In every election for the European Parliament candidates elected on lists of member parties of the EPP are obliged to join the EPP Group in the European Parliament.

The EPP Group holds six of the fourteen vice-presidencies of the European Parliament.

European Council

The EPP has 8 out of the 28 heads of state or government attending the EPP summits in preparation for the European Council (as of 1 July 2018):

Member state	Representative	Title	Political party	Member of the Council since
Austria	Sebastian Kurz	Chancellor	ÖVP	17 December 2017
Bulgaria	Boyko Borissov	Prime Minister	GERB	7 November 2014
Croatia	Andrej Plenković	Prime Minister	HDZ	19 October 2016
Cyprus	Nicos Anastasiades	President	DISY	28 February 2013
Germany	Angela Merkel	Chancellor	CDU	22 November 2005
Hungary	Viktor Orbán	Prime Minister	Fidesz	29 May 2010
Ireland	Leo Varadkar	Taoiseach^{[a 1]}	Fine Gael	22 June 2017
Romania	Klaus Iohannis	President	PNL	21 December 2014

The EPP also has other heads of state or government who do not normally take part in the European Council or EPP summits since that responsibility belongs to the other leaders of their countries: Rosen Plevneliev (Bulgaria, GERB), János Áder (Hungary, Fidesz), Bronisław Komorowski (Poland, PO), Aníbal Cavaco Silva (Portugal, PSD), Sauli Niinistö (Finland, KOK).

National legislatures

Country	Institution	Number of seats
Austria	National Council Lower house	50 / 183
Austria	Federal Council Upper house	22 / 62
Belgium	Chamber of Representatives Lower house	27 / 150
Belgium	Senate Upper house	12 / 60
Bulgaria	National Assembly	95 / 240
Croatia	Sabor	61 / 151
Cyprus	House of Representatives	18 / 56
Czech Republic	Chamber of Deputies Lower house	17 / 200
Czech Republic	Senate Upper house	27 / 81
Denmark	The Folketing	6 / 179
Estonia	Riigikogu	12 / 101
Finland	Parliament	38 / 200
France	National Assembly Lower house	100 / 577
France	Senate Upper house	142 / 348
Germany	Bundestag	310 / 630
Greece	Parliament	76 / 300
Hungary	Országgyűlés	131 / 199
Ireland	Dáil Lower house	50 / 166
Ireland	Seanad Upper house	19 / 60
Italy	Chamber of Deputies Lower house	106 / 630
Italy	Senate Upper house	65 / 315
Latvia	Saeima	23 / 100
Lithuania	Seimas	31 / 141
Luxembourg	Chamber of Deputies	23 / 60
Malta	House of Representatives	28 / 69
Netherlands	House of Representatives Lower house	19 / 150
Netherlands	Senate Upper house	12 / 75
Poland	Sejm Lower house	152 / 460
Poland	Senate Upper house	33 / 100
Portugal	Assembly of the Republic	107 / 230
Romania	Chamber of Deputies Lower house	108 / 329
Romania	Senate Upper house	47 / 136
Slovakia	National Council	11 / 150
Slovenia	National Assembly	24 / 90
Spain	Congress of Deputies Lower house	134 / 350
Spain	Senate Upper house	149 / 266
Sweden	Parliament	99 / 349
United Kingdom	House of Commons Lower house	0 / 650
	House of Lords Upper house	0 / 793

Activities beyond the European Union

In third countries

Through its associate and observer parties the EPP has three heads of state or government in non-EU countries, as well as one of the three members of the Bosnian Presidency, all of whom are invited to attend EPP summits and meetings:

State	Representatives	Title	Political party	In power since
Armenia	Serzh Sargsyan	Former President	HHK	9 April 2008
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Bakir Izetbegović Mladen Ivanić Dragan Čović	Bosniak Member of the Presidency Serb Member of the Presidency Croat Member of the Presidency	SDA PDP HDZ BiH	10 November 2010 17 November 2014 17 November 2014
Norway	Erna Solberg	Prime Minister	Høyre	16 October 2013

The EPP also has other heads of state or government who do not normally attend the meetings, since the other leaders of their countries attend instead. They include Prime Minister Vjekoslav Bevanda (Bosnia-Herzegovina, HDZ BiH), President Gjorge Ivanov (Republic of Macedonia, VMRO-DPMNE) and President Bujar Nishani (Albania, PD).

In the Council of Europe

The Group of the EPP in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe defends freedom of expression and information, as well as freedom of movement of ideas and religious tolerance. It promotes the principle of subsidiarity and local autonomy, as well as the defence of national, social and other minorities. The EPP/CD Group is led by Pedro Agramunt, a member of the Spanish Popular Party.

The EPP/CD group also includes members from parties that are not related to the EPP itself, including members of the Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein), the Progressive Citizens' Party (Liechtenstein), the National and Democratic Union (Monaco) and the Serbian Progressive Party.^[17]

In the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

The "EPP and like-minded Group" in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the most active political group in that body. The Group meets on a regular basis and promotes the EPP's positions. The members of the EPP Group also participate in the election-monitoring missions of the OSCE.

The Group is chaired by Walburga Habsburg Douglas (Sweden), and its Vice-Presidents are Consiglio Di Nino (Canada), Vilija Aleknaitė Abramikiene (Lithuania), Laura Allegrini (Italy) and George Tsereteli (Georgia).

The Group also includes members of parties not related to the EPP, accounting for the "like-minded" part of its name. Among them are members of the Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein), the Union for the Principality (Monaco), the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom, the Conservative Party of Canada and the Republican Party of the United States.

In the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

The EPP is also present and active in the Parliamentary Assembly of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and forms the "EPP and Associated Members" Group there. It is led by the German CDU politician Karl Lamers, who is also the current President of the Assembly. The Group also includes members of the Conservative Party of Canada and the Republican Party of the United States.

Relations with the United States

The EPP has close relations with the International Republican Institute (IRI), an organisation funded by the U.S. government specially to promote democracy and democratisation. The EPP and the IRI cooperate within the framework of the European Partnership Initiative.^[18]

The EPP's President, Wilfried Martens, endorsed Senator John McCain, the Republican nominee for president, in the presidential election in 2008^[19] McCain is also Chairman of the IRI. In 2011 Martens and McCain made joint press statements expressing their concern about the state of democracy in Ukraine.^[20]^[21]

Global networks

The EPP is a member of two global centre-right organisations, the International Democrat Union (IDU) and the Christian Democrat International (CDI).

Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies

Following the revision in 2007 of the EU Regulation that governs European political parties, allowing the creation of European foundations affiliated to Europarties, the EPP established in the same year its official foundation/think tank, the Centre for European Studies (CES). The CES includes as members all the major national think tanks and foundations affiliated to EPP member parties: the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (CDU), the Hanns Seidel Foundation (CSU), the Foundation for Analysis and Social Studies (PP), the Constantinos Karamanlis Institute for Democracy (ND), the Jarl Hjalmarson Foundation (MOD), the Political Academy of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and others. During the European Parliament election campaign in 2009 the CES launched a web-based campaign module, tellbarroso.eu, to support Jose Manuel Barroso, the EPP's candidate for re-election as Commission President.

In 2014, the CES changed its name to Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies in honour of Wilfried Martens, the late President of the EPP who was also President of the CES.

The current President of the WMCES is former Slovak Prime Minister Mikuláš Dzurinda.

The Budapest-based Robert Schuman Institute and the Luxembourg-based Robert Schuman Foundation are also affiliated with the European People's Party.^{[citation needed]}

EPP associations

The EPP is linked to several specific associations that focus on specific groups and organise seminars, forums, publications and other activities.

Small and Medium Entrepreneurs Europe (SME Europe)

SME Europe is the official business organisation of the EPP, and serves as a network for pro-business politicians and political organisations. Its main objective is to shape EU policy in a more SME-friendly way in close cooperation with the SME Circle of the EPP Group in the European Parliament, the DG Enterprise and the pro-business organisations of the EPP's member parties. Its top priorities are to reform the legal framework for SMEs all over Europe, and to promote and support the interests of small and medium-sized enterprises. SME Europe was founded in May 2012 by three Members of the European Parliament, Paul Rübig, Nadezhda Neynsky and Bendt Bendtsen.

European Democrat Students

European Democrat Students (EDS) is now the official students’ organisation of the EPP, though it was founded in 1961, 15 years before the EPP itself. Led by Virgilio Falco, EDS has 40 member organisations, representing nearly 1,600,000 students and young people^[22] in 31 countries, including Belarus and Georgia. Every year EDS hosts Summer and Winter "universities", and several seminars. It also regularly publishes a magazine, Bullseye, and organises topical campaigns.

European Senior Union

Founded in Madrid in 1995 and led by Ann Hermans of the CD&V, the European Senior Union (ESU) is the largest political senior citizens’ organisation in Europe. The ESCU is represented in 26 states with 45 organisations and about 500,000 members.

European Union of Christian Democratic Workers

The European Union of Christian Democratic Workers (EUCDW) is the labour organisation of the EPP, with 24 member organisations in 18 different countries. As the officially recognised EPP association of workers, the EUCDW is led by Elmar Brok, MEP. It aims at the political unification of a democratic Europe, the development of the EPP on the basis of Christian social teaching, and the defence of workers' interests in European policy-making.

Women of the European People’s Party

The Women of the European People’s Party (EPP Women) is recognised by the EPP as the official association of women from all like-minded political parties of Europe. EPP Women has more than 40 member organisations from countries of the European Union and beyond. All of them are women‘s organisations of political parties that are members of the EPP. EPP Women is led by Doris Pack.

Youth of the European People’s Party

The Youth of the European People’s Party (YEPP), led by Andrianos Giannou, is the EPP‘s official youth organisation. It has 64 member organisations, bringing together between one and two million young people in 40 countries.

Membership

Within the EPP there are three kinds of member organisations: full members, associate members and observers.

Full members are parties from EU states. They have absolute rights to vote in all the EPP's organs and on all matters.

Associate members have the same voting rights as full members except for matters concerning the EU's structure or policies. These associate membres are parties from EU candidate countries and EFTA countries.

Observer parties can participate in all the activities of the EPP, and attend the Congresses and Political Assemblies, but they do not have any voting rights.

A special status of "supporting member" is granted by the Presidency to individuals and associations. Although they do not have voting rights, they can be invited by the President to attend meetings of certain organs of the party. Three EU Commissioners, Dacian Cioloș, Kristalina Georgieva and Andris Piebalgs, are members of the EPP even though they do not belong to any national member party.

Full member parties

Country	Party Name	Abbr.	Legislature Lower House Seats	Legislature Upper House Seats
Albania	Democratic Party of Albania	PD	43 / 140
Austria	Austrian People's Party	ÖVP	62 / 183	22 / 61
Belgium	Christian Democratic and Flemish	CD&V	18 / 150	8 / 60
Belgium	Humanist Democratic Centre	cdH	9 / 150	4 / 60
Bulgaria	Citizens for the European Development of Bulgaria	GERB	95 / 240
	Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria	DSB	0 / 240
	Union of Democratic Forces	SDS	0 / 240
	Democratic Party	DP	0 / 240
	Movement "Bulgaria of the Citizens"	BCM	0 / 240
Croatia	Croatian Democratic Union	HDZ	56 / 151
Croatia	Croatian Peasant Party	HSS	5 / 151
Cyprus	Democratic Rally	DISY	18 / 56
Czech Republic	TOP 09		7 / 200	2 / 81
Czech Republic	Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party	KDU–ČSL	10 / 200	16 / 81
Denmark	Conservative People's Party	C	6 / 179
Denmark	Christian Democrats	KD	0 / 179
Estonia	Pro Patria and Res Publica Union	IRL	12 / 101
Finland	National Coalition Party	KOK	38 / 200
France	The Republicans	LR	112 / 577	144 / 348
Germany	Christian Democratic Union	CDU	200 / 709
Germany	Christian Social Union in Bavaria	CSU	46 / 709
Georgia	Movement for Liberty - European Georgia	EG	21 / 150
Greece	New Democracy	ND	76 / 300
Hungary	Fidesz		114 / 199
Hungary	Christian Democratic People's Party	KDNP	16 / 199
Ireland	Fine Gael		50 / 158	19 / 60
Italy	Forza Italia	FI	104 / 630	61 / 315
	Popular Alternative	AP	2 / 630	1 / 315
	Union of the Centre	UdC	0 / 630	3 / 315
	Populars for Italy	PpI	0 / 630	0 / 315
Latvia	Unity	V	23 / 100
Lithuania	Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats	TS-LKD	31 / 141
Luxembourg	Christian Social People's Party	CSV/PSC	23 / 60
Malta	Nationalist Party		28 / 67
Netherlands	Christian Democratic Appeal	CDA	19 / 150	12 / 75
Poland	Civic Platform	PO	136 / 460	33 / 100
Poland	Polish People's Party	PSL	15 / 460	0 / 100
Portugal	Social Democratic Party	PSD	89 / 230
Portugal	Democratic and Social Centre - People's Party	CDS-PP	18 / 230
Romania	National Liberal Party	PNL	69 / 329	30 / 136
	Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania	UDMR	21 / 329	9 / 136
	People's Movement Party	PMP	18 / 329	8 / 136
Slovakia	Christian Democratic Movement	KDH	0 / 150
	Most–Híd		15 / 150
	Party of the Hungarian Community	SMK/MKP	0 / 150
Slovenia	Slovenian Democratic Party	SDS	21 / 90
	Slovenian People's Party	SLS	0 / 90
	New Slovenia	NSi	5 / 90
Spain	People's Party	PP	134 / 350	148 / 265
Sweden	Moderate Party		83 / 369
Sweden	Christian Democrats		16 / 369

Belarusian Popular Front (BNF), observer member until 2017

France

Italy

Romania

Democratic Party (PD)
Democratic Liberal Party (PDL)
Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (PNȚ-CD)

Slovakia

Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party (SDKÚ-DS)

Spain

Turkey

Justice and Development Party (observer)

Ukraine

People's Movement of Ukraine (observer)
Our Ukraine (observer)

Notes

^ The Irish Prime Minister is commonly referred to as the Taoiseach in both Irish and English. See: Article 28.5.1° of the Constitution of Ireland.

References

^ ^a ^b Nordsieck, Wolfram. "Parties and Elections in Europe". www.parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
^ Macron, Merkel say ready to change EU treaties if needed
^ José María Magone (2006). The New World Architecture: The Role of the European Union in the Making of Global Governance. New York: Transaction Publishers. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-7658-0279-8.
^ Vít Hloušek; Lubomír Kopeček (2010). Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared. London: Ashgate Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-7546-7840-3.
^ Josep Maria Colomer (2008). "The European Union: A Federal Democratic Empire?". In Josep Maria Colomer (ed.). Comparative European Politics. London: Taylor & Francis. p. 288. ISBN 978-0-415-43755-4.
^ Karl Magnus Johansson (2009). "The Emergence of Political Parties at European Level: Integration Unaccomplished". In Sverker Gustavsson; Lars Oxelheim; Lars Pehrson (eds.). How Unified Is the European Union?: European Integration Between Visions and Popular Legitimacy. Springer. p. 160. ISBN 978-3-540-95855-0.
^ "Hungarian government rehashes UKIP anti-migrant poster in new ad". Euronews. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
^ administrator. "EPP | European People's Party". Epp.eu. Archived from the original on 1 September 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b "On the Road Towards Transnational Party Cooperation in Europe" by Steven van Hecke^{[dead link]} in "European View", Volume 3, 2006, from the Centre for European Studies Archived 3 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b Claey, P. H.; Loeb-Mayer, N. (1979). "Trans-European Party Groupings: Emergence of New and Alignment of Old Parties in the Light of the Direct Elections to the European Parliament". Government and Opposition. 14 (4): 455. doi:10.1111/j.1477-7053.1979.tb00257.x.
^ "EPP Congress website". Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved November 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g EPP Manifesto – European Elections 2009^{[dead link]}
^ Statutes of the European People's Party Archived 28 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Approved by the EPP Congress on 7 December 2011 in Marseille (France)
^ "Presidency". EPP - European People's Party. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
^ Jansen & Van Hecke 2011, p. 109.
^ "EPP website". Archived from the original on 8 September 2011. Retrieved September 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "PACE website". Archived from the original on 31 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "European Partnership Initiative | International Republican Institute". IRI. Archived from the original on 11 November 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Financial Times Article Wilfried Martens". Epp.eu. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "United States Senator John McCain:: Press Office:". Mccain.senate.gov. 30 August 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011.
^ "Senator McCain and President Martens urge for the release of Yulia Tymoshenko". Epp.eu. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Students on the Right Way: European Democrat Students 1961-2011. thinkingeurope.eu. Retrieved on 2013-09-07.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Thomas Jansen; Steven Van Hecke (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-642-19414-6.

Bibliography

Jansen, Thomas (1998). The European People's Party: Origins and Development. MacMillans. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Jansen, Thomas; Van Hecke, Steven (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-19414-6. ISBN 978-3-642-19413-9. LCCN 2011927265. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Kaiser, Wolfram (2004). Michael Gehler; Wolfram Kaiser (eds.). Transnational Christian Democracy: From the Nouvelles Equipes Internationales to the European People's Party. Routledge. pp. 194–208. ISBN 0-7146-5662-3. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

External links

European People's Party EPP portal site
myEPP.eu private social network
myEPP.tv webtv at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived 2010-10-15)
CES the EPP think-tank
tellBarroso.eu – a 2009 EPP campaign initiative by its think-tank, CES at the Portuguese Web Archive (archived 2014-11-26)
EPP Group in the European Parliament at the Wayback Machine (archived 2009-06-24)
EPP Group in the Committee of the Regions
EPP Group in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
EPP Youth (YEPP)
EPP Students (EDS) at the Wayback Machine (archived 2009-08-10)
EPP Women
EPP Seniors (ESU) at the Wayback Machine (archived 2009-02-04)
EPP SME Union
EPP Workers (EUCDW)
Database on EPP's history

[Taoiseach-17] The Irish Prime Minister is commonly referred to as the Taoiseach in both Irish and English. See: Article 28.5.1° of the Constitution of Ireland.

[:1-1] Nordsieck, Wolfram. "Parties and Elections in Europe". www.parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 28 May 2017.

[:2-2] Macron, Merkel say ready to change EU treaties if needed

[Magone-3] José María Magone (2006). The New World Architecture: The Role of the European Union in the Making of Global Governance. New York: Transaction Publishers. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-7658-0279-8.

[HloušekKopeček-4] Vít Hloušek; Lubomír Kopeček (2010). Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared. London: Ashgate Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-7546-7840-3.

[Colomer-5] Josep Maria Colomer (2008). "The European Union: A Federal Democratic Empire?". In Josep Maria Colomer (ed.). Comparative European Politics. London: Taylor & Francis. p. 288. ISBN 978-0-415-43755-4.

[Johansson2009-6] Karl Magnus Johansson (2009). "The Emergence of Political Parties at European Level: Integration Unaccomplished". In Sverker Gustavsson; Lars Oxelheim; Lars Pehrson (eds.). How Unified Is the European Union?: European Integration Between Visions and Popular Legitimacy. Springer. p. 160. ISBN 978-3-540-95855-0.

[7] "Hungarian government rehashes UKIP anti-migrant poster in new ad". Euronews. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

[about-8] strator. "EPP | European People's Party". Epp.eu. Archived from the original on 1 September 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[CESvanhecke-9] "On the Road Towards Transnational Party Cooperation in Europe" by Steven van Hecke^{[dead link]} in "European View", Volume 3, 2006, from the Centre for European Studies Archived 3 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine

[GOV14I4P455-10] Claey, P. H.; Loeb-Mayer, N. (1979). "Trans-European Party Groupings: Emergence of New and Alignment of Old Parties in the Light of the Direct Elections to the European Parliament". Government and Opposition. 14 (4): 455. doi:10.1111/j.1477-7053.1979.tb00257.x.

[11] "EPP Congress website". Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved November 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[2009leaflet-12] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g EPP Manifesto – European Elections 2009^{[dead link]}

[13] Statutes of the European People's Party Archived 28 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Approved by the EPP Congress on 7 December 2011 in Marseille (France)

[14] "Presidency". EPP - European People's Party. Retrieved 6 January 2016.

[FOOTNOTEJansenVan_Hecke2011109-15] Jansen & Van Hecke 2011, p. 109.

[16] "EPP website". Archived from the original on 8 September 2011. Retrieved September 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[18] "PACE website". Archived from the original on 31 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[19] "European Partnership Initiative | International Republican Institute". IRI. Archived from the original on 11 November 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[20] "Financial Times Article Wilfried Martens". Epp.eu. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[21] "United States Senator John McCain:: Press Office:". Mccain.senate.gov. 30 August 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011.

[22] "Senator McCain and President Martens urge for the release of Yulia Tymoshenko". Epp.eu. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[23] Students on the Right Way: European Democrat Students 1961-2011. thinkingeurope.eu. Retrieved on 2013-09-07.

[JansenHecke2011-24] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Thomas Jansen; Steven Van Hecke (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-642-19414-6.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[a 1]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]