Famine in Kazakhstan of 1932–33
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The major ethnic groups in Kazakhstan 1897–1970. The number of Kazakhs and Ukrainans decreased in 1932–1933 due to famine.
The famine in Kazakhstan was a part of the Soviet famine of 1932–33. Kazakhs were most severely affected by the Soviet famine in terms of percentage of people who died (approximately 38%).[1] Around 1.5 million people died in Kazakhstan of whom 1.3 million were ethnic Kazakhs.[2]
Among the remaining 0.2 million people, mostly ethnic Ukrainians were affected. According to other estimations as many as 2.0–2.3 million ethnic Kazakhs died in that famine.[3]
Consequences[edit]
The famine made Kazakhs a minority in their own republic, and not until the 1990s did Kazakhs become the largest group in Kazakhstan again. Before the famine, around 60% of the republic's population where Kazakhs, but after the famine, only around 38% of the population were Kazakhs.[4][5][6]
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Conquest, Robert, «The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror — Famine», (Edmonton: The University of Alberta Press in Association with the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, 1986).
- Sahni, Kalpana. Crucifying the Orient : Russian orientalism and the colonization of Caucasus and Central Asia. Bangkok : White Orchid Press, 1997
- I. Ohayon, La sédentarisation des Kazakhs dans l’URSS de Staline, collectivisation et changement social, Paris, maisonneuve et Larose, 2006 (French)
References[edit]
- ^ NICCOLÒ PIANCIOLA (2001). "The Collectivization Famine in Kazakhstan, 1931–1933". Harvard Ukrainian Studies (Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute) 25: 237–251. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
- ^ Volkava, Elena (2012-03-26). "The Kazakh Famine of 1930-33 and the Politics of History in the Post-Soviet Space". Wilson Center. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
- ^ Pannier, Bruce (2007-12-28). "Kazakhstan: The Forgotten Famine". Rferl.org. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
- ^ Татимов М. Б. Социальная обусловленность демографических процессов. Алма-Ата,1989. С.124
- ^ Қазақстан тарихы: Аса маңызды кезеңдері мен ғылыми мәселелері. Жалпы білім беретін мектептің қоғамдык- гуманитарлық бағытындағы 11-сыныбына арналған оқулық / М.Қойгелдиев, Ә.Төлеубаев, Ж.Қасымбаев, т.б. — Алматы: «Мектеп» баспасы, 2007. — 304 бет,суретті. ISBN 9965-36-106-1
- ^ http://world.lib.ru/p/professor_l_k/070102_koval_drujba.shtml - "Запомнил и долю казахов в пределах своей республики - 28%. А за тридцать лет до того они составляли у себя дома уверенное большинство"
