File:Bette Davis and Herbert Marshall "The Little Foxes" (1941).jpg

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Bette_Davis_and_Herbert_Marshall_"The_Little_Foxes"_(1941).jpg ‎(500 × 382 pixels, file size: 134 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)

Summary

Description
English: Publicity still of Bette Davis and Herbert Marshall in the 1941 film The Little Foxes. Such images were produced by a studio and then disseminated to the media and the public to promote the film (see Film still).
Date
Source RKO Radio Pictures publicity photo
Author RKO Radio Pictures
Permission
(Reusing this file)

Film production expert Eve Light Honathaner says in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.):

"Publicity photos have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."

Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989) p. 87, writes:

"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference with cinema scholars and editors, that they "expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements. . . [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."

Licensing

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1929 and 1977, inclusive, without a copyright notice. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart as well as a detailed definition of "publication" for public art. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

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image/jpeg

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e1d914b5e73928c383e300c656ff91c4f4272f50

determination method: SHA-1

data size

137,038 byte

height

382 pixel

width

500 pixel

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current21:20, 24 March 2016Thumbnail for version as of 21:20, 24 March 2016500 × 382 (134 KB)Centpacrr===Summary=== {{Information |Description=Publicity still of Bette Davis and Herbert Marshall in the 1941 film ''The Little Foxes''. Such images were taken by a studio photographer, and then disseminated to the media and the public to promote the film...
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