File:Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg

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Summary

Dorothea Lange: Migrant mother, Nipomo, California

Photographer



Alternative names	Dorothea Lange Taylor; Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn
Description	DE/US-American journalist, photojournalist, photographer and documentarian
Date of birth/death	25 May 1895 / 26 May 1895	11 October 1965
Location of birth/death	Hoboken	San Francisco
Work location	United States of America; San Francisco
Authority control	: Q230673 VIAF: 77594538 ISNI: 0000 0003 6853 8723 ULAN: 500007674 LCCN: n79100159 NAID: 10582293 WorldCat

Title

Migrant Mother

Object type

photograph / work of art

Genre

portrait photography

Description

English: Portrait shows Florence Thompson with several of her children in a photograph known as "Migrant Mother". The Library of Congress caption reads: "Destitute pea pickers in California. Mother of seven children. Age thirty-two. Nipomo, California." In the 1930s, the FSA employed several photographers to document the effects of the Great Depression on the population of America. Many of the photographs can also be seen as propaganda images to support the U.S. government's policy distributing support to the worst affected, poorer areas of the country. Lange's image of a supposed migrant pea picker, Florence Owens Thompson, and her family has become an icon of resilience in the face of adversity. However, it is not universally accepted that Florence Thompson was a migrant pea picker. In the book Photographing Farmworkers in California (Stanford University Press, 2004), author Richard Steven Street asserts that some scholars believe Lange's description of the print was "either vague or demonstrably inaccurate" and that Thompson was not a farmworker, but a Dust Bowl migrant. Nevertheless, if she was a "Dust Bowl migrant", she would have left a farm as most potential Dust Bowl migrants typically did and then began her life as such. Thus any potential inaccuracy is virtually irrelevant. The child to the viewer's right was Thompson's daughter, Katherine (later Katherine McIntosh), 4 years old (Leonard, Tom, "Woman whose plight defined Great Depression warns tragedy will happen again ", article, The Daily Telegraph, December 4, 2008) Lange took this photograph with a Graflex camera on large format (4"x5") negative film.^[1]

Español : Madre migrante, foto de Dorothea Lange, muestra a los desposeídos cosechadores de California, centrándose en Florence Owens Thompson, de 32 años, madre de 7 hijos, en Nipomo, California (marzo de 1936).

Français : Portrait de Florence Owens Thompson avec plusieurs de ses enfants connu sous le titre Migrant Mother (Mère migrante), et prise par Dorothea Lange en Californie (États-Unis), en 1936. La légende originale était "Ramasseurs de pois ruinés en Californie. Mère de sept enfants, âgée de 32 ans." Selon des études ultérieures cette femme n'était pas ramasseuse de pois, mais une fermière fuyant le Dust Bowl. Elle fait partie d'une série de photographies commandées par la Farm Security Administration pour convaincre le peuple américain de la nécessité de réformes du New Deal suite à la Grande Dépression de 1929 aux États-Unis

Italiano : Foto intitolata Migrant Mother, scattata da Dorothea Lange nel 1936 in California, che inquadra Florence Thompson con alcuni dei suoi sette figli, uno dei simboli della depressione economica statunitense negli anni '30.

Português : Migrant Mother, Dorothea Lange, Estados Unidos, 1936

Русский : Семья сборщиков гороха в период кризиса. Фото Доротеи Ланге.

עברית : תמונה זו מכונה "אם נודדת" ובה נראית פלורנס אוונס תומפסון (Florence Owens Thompson; 1903–1983), כשעל כתפיה שעונות שתי בנות והיא אוחזת בחיקה תינוקת. בטקסט המתאר את התמונה בספרית הקונגרס נכתב כך: "קוטפי אפונה נואשים בקליפורניה. אם לשבעה ילדים. בת שלושים ושתים." בשנות ה-30 של המאה ה-20 שרות הרווחה של הממשל הפדרלי בארה"ב העסיק כמה צלמים כדי לתעד את השפעת המשבר הגדול על התושבים. רבים מהצילומים מתקופה זו יכולים להיחשב גם כמעין תעמולה של הממשל, שתמך באוכלוסיה שנפגעה ביותר מהמשבר, באזורים העניים ביותר בארה"ב. הצלמת היא דורותי לנג. התמונה הפכה לסמל של יכולת העמידה האנושית נוכח המשבר הקשה.

العربية : تُظهر الصُورة فلورنسا طومسون مع عدد من أطفالها، وتعرف الصُورة باسم "الأم المُهاجرة" (Migrant Mother)، نظراً لأنَّ فلورنسا قد نزحت مع أطفالها السبعة من نيبومو في كاليفورنيا، أثناء فترة الكساد الكبير، والصورة مُلتقطة في مارس 1936. في فترة الكساد الكبير وظفت هيئة الرقابة المالية عدد من المصورين لتوثيق آثار الكساد على سكان أمريكا،فقامت المصورة دوروثي لانج بالتقاط هذه الصورة، حيثُ أصبحت فلورنسا طومسون وأطفالها رمزاً للصمود في مواجهة الشدائد.

Depicted people

Florence Owens Thompson

Date

February/March 1936

Medium

1 negative : nitrate

Dimensions

Height: 5 cm (1.9 in); Width: 4 cm (1.5 in)

Collection

Library of Congress

	Native name	Library of Congress
	Location	Washington, D.C. , United States of America
	Coordinates	38° 53′ 18″ N, 77° 00′ 16″ W
	Established	24 April 1800
	Web page	loc.gov
	Authority control	: Q131454 VIAF: 151962300 ISNI: 0000 0001 2186 288X ULAN: 500312782 LCCN: n78089035 NLA: 35304669 WorldCat

Accession number

Call Number/Physical Location: CALL NUMBER: LC-USF34- 009058-C [P&P]; LC-USF346-009058-C b&w film transparency; LC-USF347-009058-C b&w film safety neg.

Repository: LC-DIG-fsa-8b29516 (digital file from original neg.); LC-USZ62-95653 (b&w film copy neg. of an unretouched file print showing thumb); LC-USF34-T01-009058-C (b&w film dup. neg.); LC-DIG-ppmsca-12883 (digital file from print)

Place of creation

United States of America

Notes

Title from caption card.

Digital file was made from the original nitrate negative for "Migrant Mother" (LC-USF34-009058-C). The negative was retouched in the 1930s to erase the thumb holding a tent pole in lower right hand corner. The file print made before the thumb was retouched can be seen http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.12883.; A copy transparency (LC-USF346-009058-C) and a copy safety negative (LC-USF347-009058-C) are also in the collection.; Additional information about this photograph might be available through the Flickr Commons project at https://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/3551599565; LOT 0344 (Location of corresponding print.); Published in: Library of Congress prints and photographs: an illustrated guide. Washington : Library of Congress, 1995, p. 4.; Published in: Eyes of the nation / Vincent Virga ... New York : Knopf, 1997.; Published in: American women : a Library of Congress guide ... Washington : Library of Congress, 2001, p. 186.; Transfer; United States. Office of War Information. Overseas Picture Division.; More information about the FSA/OWI Collection is available at http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.fsaowi; Original file print is stored in PR 12, FSA file prints.
TOPICS: Migrants--California
SUBJECTS: Migrant agricultural laborers.; Mothers.; Poor persons.; United States--California--San Luis Obispo County--Nipomo.
FORMAT: Nitrate negatives.; Portrait photographs.; Group portraits.
OTHER TITLE: Migrant mother.
PART OF: Farm Security Administration - Office of War Information Photograph Collection
Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-fsa-8b29516 (digital file from original neg.) LC-DIG-ppmsca-12883 (digital file from print, pre-conservation) LC-DIG-ppmsca-23845 (digital file from print, post-conservation) LC-USF34-T01-009058-C (b&w film dup. neg.) LC-USZ62-95653 (b&w film copy neg. of an unretouched file, showing thumb) Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, DC 20540 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
DIGITAL ID: (digital file from original neg.) fsa 8b29516 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/fsa.8b29516; (digital file from print) ppmsca 12883 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.12883; (digital file from b&w film copy neg. of unretouched fileprint showing thumb) cph 3b41800 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b41800
OTHER NUMBER: J 339168
Control Number: fsa1998021539/PP

References

described at URL: https://www.sfmoma.org/artwork/71.71.10/
Los Angeles County Museum of Art: online database: entry 184006
Museum of Modern Art: online database: entry 50989
described by source: 100 Photographs: The Most Influential Images of All Time

Authority control

: Q3332083
NAID: 196261

Source

This image is available from the United States Library of Congress's Prints and Photographs division
under the digital ID fsa.8b29516.
This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing for more information.

(cropped to removed negative frame, mild retouching to remove worst dust and scratches from scan);

Permission
(Reusing this file)

Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.

Other versions

Colorized
Original TIFF

This file was a finalist in Picture of the Year 2008.
This file was the picture of the day on February 24, 2008.
This is a featured picture on Wikimedia Commons (Featured pictures) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This image has been assessed under the valued image criteria and is considered the most valued image on Commons within the scope Migrant Mother (1936), by Dorothea Lange.

Wikipedia

This is a featured picture on the Arabic language Wikipedia (صور مختارة) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the German language Wikipedia (Exzellente Bilder) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the English language Wikipedia (Featured pictures) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the Spanish language Wikipedia (Recursos destacados) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the Persian language Wikipedia (نگاره‌های برگزیده) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the Croatian language Wikipedia (Slika tjedna) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the Tamil language Wikipedia (இன்றைய சிறப்புப் படம்) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the Turkish language Wikipedia (Seçkin resimler) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.
This is a featured picture on the Vietnamese language Wikipedia (Hình ảnh chọn lọc) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.

If you have an image of similar quality that can be published under a suitable copyright license, be sure to upload it, tag it, and nominate it.

azərbaycanca ∙ Bahasa Indonesia ∙ Bahasa Melayu ∙ català ∙ čeština ∙ dansk ∙ Cymraeg ∙ Deutsch ∙ eesti ∙ español ∙ English ∙ Esperanto ∙ euskara ∙ français ∙ Gagauz ∙ galego ∙ hrvatski ∙ italiano ∙ lietuvių ∙ Lëtzebuergesch ∙ magyar ∙ Malti ∙ Nederlands ∙ norsk ∙ norsk bokmål ∙ norsk nynorsk ∙ Plattdüütsch ∙ polski ∙ português ∙ português do Brasil ∙ română ∙ Schweizer Hochdeutsch ∙ sicilianu ∙ slovenščina ∙ suomi ∙ svenska ∙ Tagalog ∙ Tiếng Việt ∙ Türkçe ∙ Yorùbá ∙ Zazaki ∙ Ελληνικά ∙ беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ ∙ беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ ∙ қазақша ∙ қазақша (кирил)‎ ∙ македонски ∙ нохчийн ∙ русский ∙ српски / srpski ∙ татарча/tatarça ∙ українська ∙ ქართული ∙ հայերեն ∙ मराठी ∙ हिन्दी ∙ অসমীয়া ∙ বাংলা ∙ தமிழ் ∙ മലയാളം ∙ ไทย ∙ 조선말 ∙ 한국어 ∙ 日本語 ∙ 中文（简体）‎ ∙ 中文（繁體）‎ ∙ עברית ∙ العربية ∙ فارسی ∙ کوردی ∙ +/−

This image was selected as picture of the day on Wikimedia Commons for 24 February 2008. It was captioned as follows:

English: Destitute pea pickers in California, mother of seven children, age thirty-two, in the 1930s.

Afrikaans: Florence Owens Thompson, die 32-jarige moeder van sewe kinders, is die onderwerp van die foto Migrantemoeder (Dorothea Lange, 1936), 'n toonbeeld van die Amerikaanse Groot Depressie

Asturianu : La semeya nomada Migrant Mother durante la Gran Depresión, amosando a Florence Owens Thompson, recoyedora d'arbeyos, 32 años y madre de siete críos, en Nipono California, marzu de 1936.

Bosanski : Siromašni berači graška, majka sedmoro djece, 32 godine, 1930-ih u Kaliforniji.

Čeština : Dorothea Langeová: Migrant Mother („Vandrující matka“); fotografie zobrazuje Florence Thompsonovou, matku sedmi dětí, v době hospodářské krize v 30. letech 20. století

Dansk: Immigrantmoderen, foto af Dorothea Lange. Florence Owens Thompson, 32 år, mor til 7 børn i en fattig familie af ferskenplukkere i Nipomo, Californien (marts 1936, under depressionen i USA).

Deutsch: Migrant Mother von Dorothea Lange zeigt eine 32-jährige Mutter (Florence Thompson) von 7 Kindern in Nipomo, Kalifornien, 1936.

English: Destitute pea pickers in California, mother of seven children, age thirty-two, in the 1930s.

Español : Madre migrante, foto de Dorothea Lange. Muestra a los desposeídos cosechadores de arvejas de California, centrándose en Florence Owens Thompson, de 32 años, madre de 7 hijos, en Nipomo, California (marzo de 1936).

Euskara: Kaliforniako ilar-jasotzaile behartsuak. Irudikoa 32 urteko Florence Owens Thompson da, 7 semeen ama, Nipomon, Kalifornia, 1936ko martxoan.

Français : Ramasseurs de pois licenciés en Californie, dans les années 1930. Mère de sept enfants, 32 ans.

Íslenska: Ljósmyndin Flökkumóðir (e. Migrant Mother) eftir Dorotheu Lange sýnir baunatínslukonuna Florence Owens Thompson, þrjátíu og tveggja ára, með tveimur af sjö börnum sínum í Nipono, Kaliforníu á tímum Heimskreppunnar 1936.

Italiano : Migrant Mother, Dorothea Lange, 1936.

Lietuvių: Skurstanti žirnių rinkėja Kalifornijoje, septynių vaikų ir trisdešimt dviejų metų motina 1930

Magyar : Florence Thompson, 32 éves, hétgyermekes anya (Nipomo, Kalifornia - Dorothea Lange fotója, USA, 1936)

Nederlands: Florence Owens Thompson, de 32-jarige moeder van zeven kinderen, die het onderwerp vormt van de foto Migrantenmoeder (Dorothea Lange, 1936), een toonbeeld van de Amerikaanse Grote Depressie

Polski: Zdjęcie trzydziestodwuletniej kobiety zajmującej się zbieraniem grochu, matki siedmiorga dzieci. Kalifornia, USA, lata 30. XX wieku.

Português : Fotografia Migrant Mother durante a Grande Depressão, mostrando Florence Owens Thompson, mãe de sete crianças, de 32 anos de idade, em Nipono, Califórnia, março de 1936.

Română : „Mama-imigrantă” — fotografie a unei femei de 32 ani imigrată în California anilor '30.

Svenska: Migrant Mother av Dorothea Lange, ett porträtt av en fattig kvinna i Kalifornien under depressionen i USA på 1930-talet.

Беларуская : «Вандроўная маці» (здымак Даратэі Ланге, сакавік 1936), партрэт 32-гадовай маці 7 дзяцей, без сродкаў да існавання (штат Каліфорнія).

Русский : Мать-иммигрантка. 32-летняя мать семи детей в Калифорнии в 1930-е годы.

Српски / srpski : Migrant Mother, фотографија-икона Велике депресије, на којој је приказана Флоренс Томпсон, тридесетдвогодишња мајка седморо деце. Назив фотографије у Конгресној библиотеци је „Сиромашни берачи грашка".

Українська: Мати-імігрантка. 32-річна мати сімох дітей в Каліфорнії в 1930-ті роки в час «Великої депресії».

한국어： 1930년대 캘리포니아 주의 가난한 이삭 줍는 사람들. 일곱 명의 아이들을 둔 32세의 어머니. (플로렌스 톰슨의 "이주민 어머니".)

日本語： 1936年にドロシア・ラングが撮影した貧困の母親、アメリカ合衆国、カリフォルニア

中文： 1934年在美国加利福尼亚州的贫困拣豌豆妇女，32岁已经有7个孩子。

中文（繁體）‎: 美國攝影師桃樂絲·蘭格在1936年拍攝的作品《移民的母親》

العربية: اُختيرت هذه الصُّورة لتكون صُورة الأسبوع في ويكيبيديا الملايو في الأسبوع ١. من عام 2010.

Deutsch: Dieses Bild war 2010 in der 1. Kalenderwoche das Bild der Woche in der Malaysischen Wikipedia

English: This image was selected as a picture of the week on the Malay Wikipedia for the 1^st week, 2010.

Македонски: Сликава е избрана за слика на неделата на малајската Википедија за I недела од 2010 година.

മലയാളം: മലയ് വിക്കിപീഡിയയിൽ ഈ ചിത്രം ഈ ആഴ്ചയിലെ ചിത്രമായി 2010-ലെ വാരം 1-ൽ തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്തിട്ടുണ്ട്.

Bahasa Melayu: Imej ini merupakan gambar pilihan mingguan di Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu untuk minggu ke-1, 2010.

Français : Cette image est sélectionnée en tant qu'image de la semaine sur la Wikipédia Malaisienne pour la 1ème semaine de 2010.

Magyar: Ezt a képet a hét képének választották a maláj Wikipedián 2010 1. hetében.

Italiano: Questa immagine è stata selezionata come Immagine della settimana su Wikipedia in malese per la I settimana del 2010.

Nederlands: Deze afbeelding is gekozen als afbeelding van de week op de Maleisische Wikipedia voor week 1 van 2010.

Русский: Эта иллюстрация была выбрана изображением недели в малайском разделе «Википедии» для недели номер 1 2010 года.

Svenska: Denna bild är utvald till veckans bild på Wikipedia på malajiska, vecka 1, 2010.

Українська: Ця ілюстрація була вибрана зображенням тижня в малайському розділі «Вікіпедії» для тижня номер 1, 2010 року.

Tiếng Việt: Hình này đã được chọn làm hình ảnh của tuần trên Wikipedia tiếng Mã Lai trong tuần thứ 1, năm 2010.

This image was selected as picture of the day on Bengali Wikipedia.

Licensing

This image is a work of an employee of the United States Farm Security Administration or Office of War Information domestic photographic units, taken as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain in the United States. See Copyright.

References

↑ United States Government. Dorothea Lange's "Migrant Mother": Photographs in the Farm Security Administration Collection: An Overview. Prints and Photographs Reading Room. Library of Congress, United States Goverment.

File history

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	Date/Time	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	00:21, 30 June 2017	6,205 × 8,066 (5.57 MB)	Firebrace	Restoring detail lost in the previous edit.
	17:40, 18 December 2011	6,205 × 8,066 (5.8 MB)	Soerfm	Slightly brightness
	08:20, 3 June 2005	6,205 × 8,066 (5.4 MB)	Dbenbenn	by User:Solipsist, retouched Image:Lange-MigrantMother.jpg for dust and scratches
	23:59, 2 February 2005	1,549 × 2,015 (677 KB)	Solipsist~commonswiki	Dorothea Lange ''Migrant Mother'' (1936) for the U.S. Farm Security Administration {{PD}}, cropped but larger version - mild retouching to remove worst dust and scratches from scan

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Width	6,205 px
Height	8,066 px
Pixel composition	Black and white (Black is 0)
Orientation	Normal
Number of components	4
Horizontal resolution	28.3465 dpi
Vertical resolution	28.3465 dpi
Software used	Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows)
File change date and time	01:15, 30 June 2017
Exif version	2.21
Color space	Uncalibrated
Date and time of digitizing	10:21, 25 May 2005
Date metadata was last modified	02:15, 30 June 2017
Unique ID of original document	adobe:docid:photoshop:066d27e6-ccf6-11d9-8080-fe9945178dbd
Copyright status	Copyright status not set
IIM version	34,352

[1] United States Government. Dorothea Lange's "Migrant Mother": Photographs in the Farm Security Administration Collection: An Overview. Prints and Photographs Reading Room. Library of Congress, United States Goverment.

[1]

File:Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg

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