File:Robert Mapplethorpe, Self-portrait, 1980.jpg

Fair use in Robert Mapplethorpe[edit]

Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:

1. This is a historically significant work that could not be conveyed in words.
2. Inclusion is for information, education, and analysis only.
3. Its inclusion in the article adds significantly to the article, serving a dual purpose. 1. It shows a major type of work produced by the artist. 2. This self-portrait is used in the article about the artist and his work. This image is used to identify the artist and it contributes significantly to the article and to the reader's understanding, which would be considerably lessened without it. There is no known free alternative available and none can be made, as the subject is no longer living.
4. The image is a low resolution copy of the original work and would be unlikely to impact the commercial interests of the copyright holder.
5. It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted image of comparable educational value.

This image represents a two-dimensional work of art, such as a drawing, painting, print, or similar creation. The copyright for this image is likely owned by either the artist who created it, the individual who commissioned the work, or their legal heirs. It is believed that the use of low-resolution images of artworks: for purposes of critical commentary on: the specific work in question, the artistic genre or technique employed in the artwork, or the artistic school or tradition to which the artist is associated, as applied within the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers located in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation, qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other use of this image, whether on Wikipedia or elsewhere, could potentially constitute a copyright infringement. For further information, please refer to Wikipedia's guidelines on non-free content. Fair use //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Mapplethorpe,_Self-portrait,_1980.jpg true

To the uploader: Please add a detailed non-free use rationale for each article the image is used in, which must also declare compliance with the other parts of the non-free content criteria, as well as the source of the work and copyright information. For example non-free use rationales, see Wikipedia:Use rationale examples. To patrollers and administrators: If this image has an appropriate rationale please append |image has rationale=yes as a parameter to the license template.

This work is copyrighted (or assumed to be copyrighted) and unlicensed. It does not fall into one of the blanket acceptable non-free content categories listed at Wikipedia:Non-free content § Images or Wikipedia:Non-free content § Audio clips, and it is not covered by a more specific non-free content license listed at Category:Wikipedia non-free file copyright templates. However, it is believed that the use of this work: To illustrate the subject in question Where no free equivalent is available or could be created that would adequately give the same information On the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation, qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content and Wikipedia:Copyrights. Fair use //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Mapplethorpe,_Self-portrait,_1980.jpg true

To the uploader: Please add a detailed non-free use rationale for each article the image is used in, which must also declare compliance with the other parts of the non-free content criteria, as well as the source of the work and copyright information. For example non-free use rationales, see Wikipedia:Use rationale examples. Template:Non-free use rationale may be helpful for stating the rationale. This tag is not a sufficient claim of fair use. To patrollers and administrators: If this image has an appropriate rationale please append |image has rationale=yes as a parameter to the license template.