Frances Anne Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry (17 January 1800 – 20 January 1865) was a wealthy Anglo-Irish heiress and noblewoman. She was the daughter of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet. She married Charles William Stewart, 1st Baron Stewart. She became a marchioness in 1822 when Charles succeeded his half-brother as 3rd Marquess of Londonderry.
Frances Anne was the only child of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet, and his wife Anne MacDonnell, 2nd Countess of Antrim.[1][2][3] At her father's death in 1813, Frances Anne inherited extensive lands in northeast England as well as some property in County Antrim, Ireland. As much of her English land was in the Durham Coalfield, she had income from coal mining. In his last will and testament, her father had stipulated that she must retain the surname Vane and that whoever married her would have to adopt her surname in lieu of his own.
[4]
In 1819 she married and became the second wife of Charles William Stewart, 1st Baron Stewart, who dutifully changed his name and became Charles William Vane. In 1822 she became a marchioness when her husband succeeded his half-brother Lord Castlereagh to become the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. With her husband, she developed an extensive coal mining operation that included coal mines, a railway, and docks at Seaham.[5]
When her husband died in 1854, she commissioned an equestrian statue showing him as a hussar,[9] which was unveiled in 1861 and still stands on the market place in Durham, England. The sculptor was Raffaelle Monti.
Lady Adelaide Emelina Caroline Vane (c.1830–1882); disgraced the family by eloping with her brother's tutor, Rev. Frederick Henry Law.
Lord Ernest McDonnell Vane-Tempest (1836–1885), fell in with a press-gang and had to be bought a commission in the army, from which he was subsequently cashiered.
^Letters of Disraeli to Lady Bradford and Lady Chesterfield, edited by The Marquess of Zetland (1923)
^"Whitehall, May 5, 1819". The London Gazette. No. 17480. 25 May 1819. p. 906. ...may, in compliance with the provisions of the last will and testament of the said Sir Henry Vane, Bart. from henceforth continue respectively to use the surname of Vane only, ...
^Vane-Temple-Stewart, Edith (1958). Frances Anne: The life and times of Frances Anne, Marchioness of Londonderry, and her husband Charles, third Marquess of Londonderry. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 42. By some accident the Emperor of Russia saw it, and having expressed the wish to buy it, they told him it was the picture of a Miss Stephenson.
^Letters from Benjamin Disraeli to Frances Anne, marchioness of Londonderry, 1837–1861, edited by Edith, Marchioness of Londonderry (1938), p.268
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