Glaucocharis harmonica
| Glaucocharis harmonica | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Subfamily: | Crambinae |
| Tribe: | Diptychophorini |
| Genus: | Glaucocharis |
| Species: | G. harmonica
|
| Binomial name | |
| Glaucocharis harmonica | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Glaucocharis harmonica is a moth in the family Crambidae.[1] This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1888. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the North and South Islands. It inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest. It has been hypothesised that there are two broods per year. The larval hosts are unknown. Adults are on the wing from October until January.
Taxonomy[edit]
This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1888 using specimens collected in the Waitākere Ranges in December and named Diptychophora harmonica.[3] George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species under that name in his 1928 book The butterflies and moths of New Zealand.[4] In 1929 Alfred Philpott studied the male genitalia of this species.[5] However the labelling of the male genitalia drawing is confused with P. auriscriptella as the captions have been reversed.[6] In 1971 David Gaskin placed this species in the genus Pareromene.[6] In 1985 Gaskin again discussed this species and placed it in the genus Glaucocharis.[7] The lectotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London.[2]
Description[edit]
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Meyrick described the species as follows:
Male. — 12-13 mm. Head white. Palpi white, externally ochreous-tinged, towards apex slightly infuscated. Antennae whitish. Thorax white, with a few fuscous scales. Abdomen light grey. Legs white. Forewings triangular, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, hindmargin oblique, twice sinuate-indented on upper half ; white, suffused with pale ochreous-greyish except towards inner margin ; lines very slender, dark fuscous, thickened at extremities ; first from beyond 1⁄4 of costa to middle of inner margin, strongly curved, nearly preceded on costa by a small dark fuscous oblique mark, and on lower half by a wedge-shaped dark fuscous streak from inner margin ; a transverse leaden-grey-metallic discal spot, lower extremity becoming obscurely whitish- ochreous ; a small dark fuscous spot on costa above this ; second line from 2⁄3 of costa to 3⁄4 of inner margin, very strongly curved outwards on upper 2⁄3, below this slightly sinuate, margined on costa with white wedge-shaped streaks, on lower half followed by a fainter similar line enclosing a white line ; a yellow-ochreous space extending from discal spot to hindmargin, interrupting second line, cut by three parallel longitudinal leaden-grey-metallic purplish-tinged streaks, not reaching discal spot, upper alone reaching hindmargin ; a white almost apical oblique mark from costa, separated from white margin of second line by a fuscous suffusion ; space between lower half of second line and hindmargin, yellow-ochreous, suffusedly irrorated with dark fuscous ; three black dots on hindmargin below middle, central subquadrate : cilia shining metallic bronzy-grey, with a strong black basal line. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish, with a grey basal line, and a faint cloudy grey median shade.[3]
Gaskin stated that this species can be differentiated from G. bipunctella as G. harmonica has metallic markings on the subterminal costa of the forewing as well as silvery markings on the veins in the subterminal region.[6]
Distribution[edit]
G. harmonica is endemic to New Zealand.[8] It is found both in the North and South Islands.[4]
Habitat and hosts[edit]
This species inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest.[6] The larval host is unknown but is likely to be species of moss.[9]
Behaviour[edit]
Gaskin hypothesised that there were two broods per year.[6] The adults of this species are on the wing from October until January.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Vol. 2 Kingdom Animalia: Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, Ichnofossils. Christchurch, N.Z.: Canterbury University Press. p. 457. ISBN 9781877257933. OCLC 973607714.
- ^ a b John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. 14. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research: 144. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN 0111-5383. Wikidata Q45083134.
- ^ a b Edward Meyrick (May 1888). "Notes on New Zealand Pyralidina". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 20: 71. ISSN 1176-6166. Wikidata Q124059700.
- ^ a b George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 175, LCCN 88133764, OCLC 25449322, Wikidata Q58593286
- ^ Alfred Philpott (1929). "The male genitalia of the New Zealand Crambidae". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 60 (3): 491–514. ISSN 1176-6158. Wikidata Q124044081.
- ^ a b c d e f David Edward Gaskin (1971). "A revision of New Zealand Diptychophorini (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae; Crambinae)". New Zealand Journal of Science. 14: 779–780. ISSN 0028-8365. Wikidata Q110236267.
- ^ David E. Gaskin (20 December 1985). "Morphology and reclassification of the Australasian, Melanesian and Polynesian Glaucocharis Meyrick (Lepidoptera : Crambinae : Diptychophorini)". Australian Journal of Zoology. Supplementary Series. 33 (115): 1. doi:10.1071/AJZS115. ISSN 0310-9089. Wikidata Q54618937.
- ^ "Glaucocharis harmonica (Meyrick, 1888)". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
- ^ Gaskin, David Edward (1968), Systematics and biogeography of the New Zealand sub-family Crambinae (Lepidoptera Pyralidae), Massey Research Online, hdl:10179/3748, Wikidata Q112030018