Haplogroup Q-M120

Haplogroup Q-M120
Haplogroup Q-M120
Possible time of origin	Insufficient Data
Possible place of origin	Asia
Ancestor	Q1a1a (F746/NWT01
Defining mutations	M120 and M265 (AKA N14)

Haplogroup Q-M120, also known as Q1a1a1, is a Y-DNA haplogroup. It is the only primary branch of haplogroup Q1a1a (F746/NWT01). The lineage is most common amongst modern populations in north-east Eurasia.

Distribution

Q-M120 has descendants in modern populations across eastern Eurasia.

The Americas

Asia

Q-M120 is present in Eastern Asia and may trace its origin to East Asia.^[1]^[2] It has been found at low frequency among Han Chinese,^[1]^[2] Dungans,^[3] Japanese,^[4] Koreans,^[3] Uygur,^[5] and Tibetans.^[2]^[6] Although it was reported in the Hazaras.^[7]

Population	Paper	N	Percentage	SNP Tested
Dungan (Kyrgyzstan)	Wells 2001^[3]	3/40	~7.5%	M120
Han (Henan)	Su 2000^[2]	2/28	~7.1%	M120
Han (Anhui)	Su 2000^[2]	1/22	~4.6%	M120
Northern Han	Su 2000^[2]	1/22	~4.5%	M120
Han (Shanghai)	Su 2000^[2]	1/30	~3.3%	M120
Han (Shandong)	Su 2000^[2]	1/32	~3.1%	M120
Korea	Wells 2001^[3]	1/45	~2.2%	M120
Tibetan-Lhasa	Su 2000^[2]	1/46	~2.2%	M120
Tibet	Gayden 2007^[6]	2/156	~1.3%	M120
Han (Shanxi)	Zhong 2010^[5]	1/56	~1.8%	M120
Uygur (Xingjiang)	Zhong 2010^[5]	1/71	~1.4%	M120
Uygur (Xingjiang)	Zhong 2010^[5]	1/50	~2.0%	M120
Han (Jiangsui)	Su 2000^[2]	1/55	~1.8%	M120
Japan	Nonaka 2007^[4]	1/165	~0.61%	M120

Europe

To date, Q-M120 has hardly been detected in European populations.

Associated SNPs

Haplogroup Q-M120 is defined by the presence of the M120 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) as well as the M265 (AKA N14) SNP.

Phylogenetic tree

This is Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center's Draft Tree for haplogroup Q-M120.

Q-MEH2 MEH2, L472, L528
- Q-M120 M120, N14/M265

References

^ ^a ^b Wen B; Li H; Lu D (September 2004). "Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture". Nature. 431 (7006): 302–5. doi:10.1038/nature02878. PMID 15372031. Supplementary Table 2: NRY haplogroup distribution in Han populations {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |author-separator= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Su, Bing; Xiao, Chunjie; Deka, Ranjan; Seielstad, Mark T.; Kangwanpong, Daoroong; Xiao, Junhua; Lu, Daru; Underhill, Peter; Cavalli-Sforza, Luca (2000). "Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 582–90. doi:10.1007/s004390000406. PMID 11153912.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wells RS; Yuldasheva N; Ruzibakiev R (August 2001). "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (18): 10244–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236. Table 1: Y-chromosome haplotype frequencies in 49 Eurasian populations, listed according to geographic region {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |author-separator= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b Nonaka, I.; Minaguchi, K.; Takezaki, N. (2007). "Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms". Annals of Human Genetics. 71 (4): 480–95. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00343.x. PMID 17274803.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Zhong, H.; Shi, H.; Qi, X.-B.; Duan, Z.-Y.; Tan, P.-P.; Jin, L.; Su, B.; Ma, R. Z. (2010). "Extended Y Chromosome Investigation Suggests Postglacial Migrations of Modern Humans into East Asia via the Northern Route". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 28 (1): 717–27. doi:10.1093/molbev/msq247. PMID 20837606.
^ ^a ^b Gayden T; Cadenas AM; Regueiro M (May 2007). "The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (5): 884–94. doi:10.1086/516757. PMC 1852741. PMID 17436243. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |author-separator= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
^ Sengupta, Sanghamitra; Zhivotovsky, Lev A.; King, Roy; Mehdi, S.Q.; Edmonds, Christopher A.; Chow, Cheryl-Emiliane T.; Lin, Alice A.; Mitra, Mitashree; Sil, Samir K. (2006). "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 78 (2): 202–21. doi:10.1086/499411. PMC 1380230. PMID 16400607.

External links

The Y-DNA Haplogroup Q Project

[vanOven2014-8] Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. S2CID 23291764.

[ISOGG2015-9] International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)

[A0-T-10] Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).

[A1-11] Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.

[F-Y27277-12] F-Y27277, sometimes known as F2'4, is both the parent clade of F2 and F4 and a child of F-M89.

[LT-13] Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.

[K2-14] Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.

[K2b-15] Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.

[K2b1-16] Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.

[P-17] Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.

[K-M2313-18] K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)

[S-19] Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)

[M-20] Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)

[BoWen2004-1] Wen B; Li H; Lu D (September 2004). "Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture". Nature. 431 (7006): 302–5. doi:10.1038/nature02878. PMID 15372031. Supplementary Table 2: NRY haplogroup distribution in Han populations {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |author-separator= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

[Su2000-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Su, Bing; Xiao, Chunjie; Deka, Ranjan; Seielstad, Mark T.; Kangwanpong, Daoroong; Xiao, Junhua; Lu, Daru; Underhill, Peter; Cavalli-Sforza, Luca (2000). "Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 582–90. doi:10.1007/s004390000406. PMID 11153912.

[Wells2001-3] Wells RS; Yuldasheva N; Ruzibakiev R (August 2001). "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (18): 10244–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236. Table 1: Y-chromosome haplotype frequencies in 49 Eurasian populations, listed according to geographic region {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |author-separator= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

[Nonaka2007-4] Nonaka, I.; Minaguchi, K.; Takezaki, N. (2007). "Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms". Annals of Human Genetics. 71 (4): 480–95. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00343.x. PMID 17274803.

[Zhong2010-5] Zhong, H.; Shi, H.; Qi, X.-B.; Duan, Z.-Y.; Tan, P.-P.; Jin, L.; Su, B.; Ma, R. Z. (2010). "Extended Y Chromosome Investigation Suggests Postglacial Migrations of Modern Humans into East Asia via the Northern Route". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 28 (1): 717–27. doi:10.1093/molbev/msq247. PMID 20837606.

[Gayden2007-6] Gayden T; Cadenas AM; Regueiro M (May 2007). "The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (5): 884–94. doi:10.1086/516757. PMC 1852741. PMID 17436243. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |author-separator= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

[Sengupta2006-7] Sengupta, Sanghamitra; Zhivotovsky, Lev A.; King, Roy; Mehdi, S.Q.; Edmonds, Christopher A.; Chow, Cheryl-Emiliane T.; Lin, Alice A.; Mitra, Mitashree; Sil, Samir K. (2006). "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 78 (2): 202–21. doi:10.1086/499411. PMC 1380230. PMID 16400607.

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