Help:IPA/Breton
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This is an information page. It describes the editing community's established practice on some aspect or aspects of Wikipedia's norms and customs. It is not one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines, as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Breton language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Breton phonology and Breton dialects for a more thorough look at the sounds of Breton.
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| b | bag | best |
| x | sac'h | roughly like loch in Scottish English |
| ɣ | troc'hañ | Spanish razgo |
| d | don | doe |
| f | fri | face |
| ɡ | gad | got |
| h | had | hot |
| ʒ | jot | measure |
| k | kazh | scan |
| l | lann | lean |
| ʎ | kuilh | roughly like million |
| m | mab | mother |
| n | noz | need |
| ŋ | anken | camping |
| ɲ | kignez | roughly like canyon |
| p | per | spouse |
| r | roue | trilled r |
| ʁ | roue | roughly like loch (Scottish English) 'but voiced, like gh in Scottish Gaelic' |
| s | skol | sack |
| ʃ | sachañ | shine |
| t | tal | sty |
| v | aval | view |
| z | azen | zeal |
| Semivowels | ||
| j | yod | yet |
| w | gwenn | wet |
| ɥ | kuit | like a simultaneous wet and yet |
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| a | kas | trap |
| ɑː | tad | bra |
| e | boest | hey |
| eː | per | |
| ɛ | gell | best |
| ɛː | berr | red |
| i | pik | see |
| iː | biz | bee |
| o | pok | go |
| oː | dor | law (RP and Australian) |
| ɔ | korn | off |
| ɔː | torr | dog |
| y | butun | roughly like Scottish shoot |
| yː | uvel | roughly like Scottish shoes, like German über |
| ə | ebeul (regional) | roughly like bird (RP) (no r-colouring) |
| ø | peulvan | roughly like bird (no r-colouring) |
| øː | eur | roughly like herd (no r-colouring), like German schön |
| œ | feurm | roughly like hurt (no r-colouring), like French neuf |
| u | toull | too |
| uː | tour | pool |
| Nasal vowels | ||
| ã | amzer | roughly like on (American English), nasalized [ɒ] or [ɑ]. rendez-vous |
| ãː | anat | |
| ẽ | renk | |
| ẽː | enez | |
| ɛ̃ | peñs | roughly like man (RP); nasalized [æ] or [ɛ] |
| ɛ̃ː | eñvor | |
| ĩ | biñs | |
| ĩ | fiñval | like Hindi नहीं |
| ɔ̃ | tonn | roughly like bone (American English); nasalized [o] or [ɔ] |
| ɔ̃ː | ton | |
| ỹ | puñs | |
| ỹː | unan | |
| œ̃ | feunteun | |
| œ̃ː | deun | |
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| ai | eye | |
| oi | boy | |
| ɔʊ | botoù | follow |
| ei | eil | ray |
| au | glav | house |
| ɔu | paour | |
| eu | bev | eh-oo or ey-oo |
| wɑ | koad | |
| we | boued | |
| ɥi | skuizh | |
| iu | liv |
Chart for the Voiced/Unvoiced alternations[edit]
| Unvoiced | /p/ | /f/ | /t/ | /s/ | /ʃ/ | /k/ | /x/ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiced | /b/ | /v/ | /d/ | /z/ | /ʒ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ/ |