From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Malayalam pronunciations.
| Consonants
|
| IPA |
Malayalam |
English approximation
|
| k
|
ക
|
sky
|
| kʰ
|
ഖ
|
king
|
| ɡ
|
ഗ
|
go
|
| ɡʱ
|
ഘ
|
Ghana
|
| t͡ʃ
|
ച
|
church
|
| t͡ʃʰ
|
ഛ
|
which hand
|
| ɟ
|
ജ
|
junior
|
| ɟʱ
|
ഝ
|
hedgehog
|
| ʈ
|
ട
|
tide but retroflex[note 1].
|
| ʈʰ
|
ഠ
|
got the but retroflex[note 2].
|
| ɖ
|
ഡ
|
dog but retroflex[note 3].
|
| ɖʱ
|
ഢ
|
bond her hair but retroflex[note 4].
|
| t̪
|
ത
|
earthed
|
| t̪ʰ
|
ഥ
|
get down
|
| d
|
ദ
|
dad
|
| dʱ
|
ധ
|
had done
|
| p
|
പ
|
pain
|
| f/pʰ
|
ഫ
|
Has two pronunciations, either as football or pan
|
| b
|
ബ
|
big
|
| bʱ
|
ഭ
|
bhangra
|
| ŋ
|
ങ
|
sing
|
| ɲ
|
ഞ
|
cognac
|
| ɳ
|
ണ
|
Hindi Varuna
|
| n̪
|
ന
|
month
|
| m
|
മ
|
mall
|
| j
|
യ
|
yes
|
| ɾ
|
ര
|
Spanish tres
|
| l
|
ല
|
listen
|
| ʋ
|
വ
|
curve
|
| ʃ
|
ശ
|
sugar
|
| ʂ
|
ഷ
|
shun
|
| s
|
സ
|
so
|
| h
|
ഹ
|
head
|
| ɭ
|
ള
|
Swedish sorl
|
| ɻ
|
ഴ
|
run [note 5]
|
| r
|
റ
|
Spanish rojo
|
| n
|
ഩ
|
not
|
|
| Vowels
|
| IPA
|
Malayalam |
English approximation
|
| ʌ
|
അ
|
fun
|
| ɑː
|
ാ, ആ
|
British RP of cart
|
| ɪ
|
ി, ഇ
|
sit
|
| iː
|
ീ, ഈ
|
seat
|
| ʊ
|
ു, ഉ
|
full
|
| uː
|
ൂ, ഊ
|
fool
|
| r̥
|
ൃ, ഋ
|
better
|
| e
|
െ, എ
|
eight
|
| eː
|
േ, ഏ
|
eight but longer
|
| o
|
ൊ, ഒ
|
Worn [note 6]
|
| oː
|
ോ, ഓ
|
Irish pronunciation of coat
|
| əɪ
|
ൈ, ഐ
|
mile
|
| əʊ
|
ൗ, ൌ, ഔ
|
British RP of fold
|
|
- ^ With the tongue curled backwards.
- ^ With the tongue curled backwards.
- ^ With the tongue curled backwards.
- ^ With the tongue curled backwards.
- ^ Only in some dialects of English.
- ^ In dialects without the horse-hoarse merger.
|
|---|
|
| Comparisons | |
|---|
| Introductory guides | |
|---|