Help:IPA/Mongolian
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 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Mongolian on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Mongolian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Mongolian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. The dialect used in this chart is Khalkha Mongolian. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
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Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c Used only in loanwords.
- ^ [k] and [q] are contrastive in the Ulaanbaatar dialect, but are allophones of the single phoneme /k/ in other dialects.
- ^ [ɣ] and [ʁ] are allophones of /k/; the latter appearing in back-vowel contexts.
- ^ Always follows another consonant, and usually modifies the sound with iotation (unless used before е, in which case it is unpronounced).
- ^ Occasionally used before е to indicate that its pronunciation should not be blended with the consonant before it (as its sound is iotated).
- ^ Devoiced to [ɬ] at the end of a syllable or before a voiceless consonant.
- ^ Uncommon, and only found in loanwords of Tibetan origin, but occurs in some high-frequency words such as лхагва 'Wednesday'.
- ^ a b Uncommon and more often found in loanwords.
- ^ Devoiced to [r̥] at the end of a syllable or before a voiceless consonant.
- ^ [β] occurs at the beginning of words, as well as in the middle of words before vowel sounds; [w] occurs at the end of a word after a vowel or in the middle of a word before a consonant.
- ^ [x] is the front-vowel allophone of /x/, and [χ] is the back-vowel allophone of /x/.
- ^ Used before я and ё to indicate that its pronunciation should not be blended with the consonant before it (as its sound is iotated).
- ^ a b /a/ and /ɔ/ are fronted to [ɛ] and [ɞ] before a palatalized consonant.
- ^ a b Also palatalizes any consonant immediately before it.
- ^ Resembles a diphthong, but is phonetically and phonemically a long monophthong; ии is not used.
- ^ The only long vowel represented by a single letter. Although pronounced with the same vowel sound as ий, it does not palatalize the preceding consonant. Other than loanwords, it is only found in inflectional suffixes.
- ^ Mainly used as the rounded back vowel harmonic form of аа in suffixes.
- ^ Generally, /ju/ in words containing э, ө, ү, е; /jʊ/ in words containing а, о, у, я, ё. (See Mongolian vowel harmony.)
- ^ a b c d e The diphthongs /aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, ʊɪ, uɪ/ are phonetically [ɛe̯, ee̯, ɞe̯, ɵe̯, ʉe̯] in Khalkha Mongolian.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ Svantesson et al. (2005): 22