Help:IPA/Sardinian
< Help:IPA
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
This is an information page. It describes the editing community's established practice on some aspect or aspects of Wikipedia's norms and customs. It is not one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines, as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community. |
The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Sardinian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Sardinian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Sardinian.
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b c Phonemic /b/, /d/, /ɡ/ between vowels are usually realized as [β], [ð], [ɣ], and sometimes even omitted. Omission does not normally occur when those are the realizations for phonemic /p/, /t/, /θ/, /k/.
- ^ After a vowel it is a double voiced retroflex stop, represented by [ɖɖ] or [ɖː].
- ^ Usually, /k/ is written down following either the Italian style (by using ⟨ch⟩ before e and i: e.g. anchilla, chelu, chena, chi, etc.), the Byzantine style (by using ⟨k⟩: e.g. ankilla, kelu, kena, ki, etc.) or (now rare) the Spanish style (by using ⟨qu⟩ before e and i: e.g. anquilla, quelu, quena, qui, etc.)
- ^ a b Nasal consonants always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/~/nk/ is velar [ŋ], but before /v/ or /f/, it is labiodental [ɱ] (transcribed here as ⟨m⟩). It is [m] only before /p/, /b/ or /m/ and [ɳ] before /ɖ/.
- ^ Glottal stops usually occur for intervocalic /k/ in some dialects of Barbagia, and for intervocalic /l/ and /n/ in some dialects of Sarrabus.
- ^ a b [ɛ] and [ɔ] occur in stressed position if the following syllable does not contain /i/ (unless it is a development of /e/), /u/, or a palatal.
- ^ One of the cases in which the grapheme ⟨j⟩ does not represent the sound [ʒ].
- ^ A rare case, using the grapheme ⟨i⟩, normally representing a full vowel /i/.
- ^ Phonetically transcribed as [saɾˈdinja], as opposed to Sardígna in Logudorese, transcribed as [saɾˈdiɲɲa]. In Campidanese this semivowel is more usual.
Further reading[edit]
- Wagner, Max Leopold (1989) [1957]. Dizionario Etimologico Sardo (in Italian). Trois.
- Blasco Ferrer, Eduardo (1994). ELLO ELLUS, grammatica della lingua sarda (in Italian). Nuoro (Sardinia): Poliedro Edizioni.
- Blasco Ferrer, Eduardo (2007). Sardo e italiano a confronto. CUEC.
- Mura, Riccardo; Virdis, Maurizio (2015). Caratteri e strutture fonetiche, fonologiche e prosodiche della lingua sarda. Il sintetizzatore vocale SINTESA (in Italian). Condaghes.
- Puddu, Mario (2015) [2000]. Ditzionàriu de sa limba e de sa cultura sarda (in Sardinian). Condaghes.