^ abc/d/, /p/ and /t/ are never aspirated, unlike in English.
^ abcThe /r/ phoneme is generally an alveolar rhotic that varies freely between [ɾ][r] and [ɹ], and it exists as a distinct phoneme mostly in loanwords.
^For native words, /ɾ/ is normally a flapped form of /d/. The two phonemes were separated with the introduction of the Latin script during the Spanish era.
^ ab/f/ and /v/ are usually pronounced by younger speakers, who tend to have English-leaning pronunciations. Others would replace for these phonemes with /p/ and /b/, respectively, in a fashion similar to fortition.
^/z/ is sometimes an allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants like in Spanish.
^/a/ is normally pronounced as a central vowel [ä]. However, the front variant [a] may also be used.
^/a/ is relaxed to [ɐ] in unstressed positions and also occasionally in stressed positions in words such as (Inang Bayan[iˈnɐŋ ˈbɐjɐn]).
^ ab[ɛ] usually exists in slow or formal speech and may become a mid [ɛ̝] or close mid [e] in normal speech.
^[e, o] are allophones of /i, u/ in final syllables, but they are distinct phonemes in some native words and English and Spanish loanwords.
^ abc[ɪ, ʊ] are allophones of /i, u/ and sometimes /e, o/ (the latter for English and Spanish loanwords) in unstressed initial and medial syllables. See Tagalog phonology#Vowels and semivowels.
^An allophone of [o] used in stressed syllables or interjections.