International Space University

International Space University

Type	Non-profit Interdisciplinary University
Established	1987
Chairman	Chris Sallaberger
Chancellor	Buzz Aldrin
President	Walter Peeters
Director	Chris Welch, John Connolly
Students	200/year
Location	Illkirch-Graffenstaden near Strasbourg , Alsace , France 48°31′23″N 7°44′13″E
Website	isunet.edu

The International Space University (ISU) was founded as an international institution of higher learning, dedicated to the development of outer space for peaceful purposes through international and multidisciplinary education and research programs (ISU Bylaws, Article 2.1). It is a not-for-profit interdisciplinary university founded in 1987 that offers a Master of Science in Space Studies (MSS) in addition to the flagship Space Studies Program (SSP), a professional development program that has convened annually every summer since 1988 at various locations around the world.

The International Space University Central Campus and global headquarters are located in Illkirch-Graffenstaden near Strasbourg, France. ISU was founded on the "3-Is" philosophy providing an Interdisciplinary, Intercultural, and International environment for educating and training space professionals and post-graduate students. As of January 2014, there were over 3700 ISU alumni from more than 100 countries.

The ISU faculty members include astronauts, space agency leaders, space engineers, space scientists, managers, and experts in space law and policy comprising an international collection of experts in technical and non-technical space-related fields.

The Chancellor of the International Space University is Apollo astronaut Buzz Aldrin, who succeeded then-European Space Agency-Director General Jean-Jacques Dordain and acclaimed science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke, in 2004. The fifth President of the International Space University is Prof. Walter Peeters, who took office in September 2011.

History

In 1985, three young space enthusiasts created the Space Generation Foundation, dedicated to fostering a sense of identity for those people born since the beginning of the space era. The ISU founders are Peter Diamandis, a medical doctor with a Master's in aerospace engineering from MIT; Todd Hawley, a graduate from Space Policy Institute at George Washington University, and Robert D. Richards, an engineer and physicist, and former assistant of the well-known astrophysicist Carl Sagan. They generated a series of novel ideas from which a ‘Space University’ was exceptionally well received. The idea garnered the support of a number of important personalities in the space field, including Prof. U.R. Rao, president of the Indian Space Research Organization; Dr. Harrison Schmitt, an Apollo 17 astronaut and former senator; Dr. Gerard K. O'Neill from the Space Studies Institute; space pioneer Prof. Hermann Oberth; and Arthur C. Clarke, the visionary writer along with many others.

This initiative was further developed and presented to the Advances in the Astronautical Sciences (AAS) Meeting dedicated to Aerospace Century XXI in Boulder, Colorado in 1986. The following year, a three-day Founding Conference convened at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) from 10–12 April 1987. These dates were chosen to commemorate the flight of Yuri Gagarin (12 April 1961), the first human in space. The Founding Conference culminated in the formal creation of the International Space University, established as a 501(c)3 non-profit educational organization in the state of Massachusetts, USA. The first ISU Summer Session Program (SSP) took place at MIT from 20 June to 20 August 1988 with the support of the major space agencies. The artwork for the first brochure was made by the well-known artist Pat Rawlings.

Following an international competition for a host city for the Central Campus, the ISU home base moved from Massachusetts to Illkirch-Graffenstaden in the Urban Community of Strasbourg, France in 1994. ISU is now a non-profit association registered in Alsace (France), and is still registered in the USA as a 501(c)3 non-profit educational organization. The Governing Members of ISU are international organizations, industries, space agencies, academic institutions, and individual members.

The French Ministry of Education formally recognized ISU as an institute of higher education in 2004. The International Space University has had permanent observer status with the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) of the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs since 1998. ISU was also granted full membership of the Space Agency Forum (SAF) in 1995. ISU is a member of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) and has been invited to contribute to a number of international activities including the Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum, the IAF Symposium on “Bringing Space into Education”, the World Space Workshop on Education, and the National Science Week Steering Committee.

To ensure that the programs offered meet the demands of a rapidly changing space sector, ISU regularly conducts surveys to ascertain the latest educational needs of the global space enterprises and updates its programs accordingly. The milestones of the history of ISU are noted in the Table below:

Date	Milestone
1987	ISU Founding Conference and Incorporation in USA
1988	First Summer Session at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts
1993	Strasbourg selected as Location for ISU Central Campus
1993	First Affiliate Conference, Huntsville, Alabama
1994	ISU relocates to Strasbourg and incorporates in Alsace
1995	First Master of Science in Space Studies (MSS)
1996	First Short Programs (Symposium, Workshops and PDP)
2000	Groundbreaking for ISU Central Campus in Illkirch-Graffenstaden
2002	Official Opening of ISU Central Campus
2003	First Introductory Space Course (now the Executive Space Course)
2004	Official Recognition by the French Ministry of Education
2004	First Master of Science in Space Management (MSM)
2009	Beginning of the Space Executive MBA (EMBA)
2011	Beginning of the Southern Hemisphere Summer Space Program (SHS-SP)
2012	25th Anniversary of ISU celebrated on 12 April
2014	20th Anniversary of ISU in Strasbourg

Campus

ISU was originally created in a geographically decentralized way, with summer sessions convened in a different country each year. In 1994 the Central Campus was established in Strasbourg, Alsace, France, because of its central European location and unique character. During the first years, the Master of Science classes were held in the Pôle API of the École Nationale Supérieure de Physique de Strasbourg.

Since 2002, ISU has had its own building thanks to the support of the local authorities. The Central Campus is now located in the Parc d’Innovation of Illkirch-Graffenstaden just south of Strasbourg, less than 30 minutes from the city center by public transportation.

Organization and Administration

ISU's organizational structure includes a Board of Advisors, chaired by the Chancellor, and a Board of Trustees elected by the Governing Membership of the ISU. The Board of Trustees determines ISU's overall objectives, oversees the University's affairs and appoints the ISU President. The President is supported by an Executive Committee, Academic Staff (who prepare and deliver ISU programs) and Administrative Staff (responsible for the daily operation of the Institution). The Academic Staff are led by the Dean, who is supported by staff responsible for ISU's academic programs (Masters and SSP) and library services. The Academic Council of ISU is responsible for ensuring the academic quality of ISU's teaching and research activities. ISU academic staff include a number of Resident Faculty, augmented by other Faculty and Lecturers as needed for the programs.

Academics

The programs offered by ISU are dedicated to the future career development of graduate students and professionals from all nations seeking advancement in space-related fields. Tailored to the needs of postgraduates and professionals in the space sector or those who wish to work in this arena, ISU offers two kinds of programs:

Programs delivered each year on a regular basis

• A twelve-month Master of Science in Space Studies (MSS)
• A nine-week Space Studies Program (SSP)
• A five-week Southern Hemisphere Summer Space Studies Program (SHSSP)
• A one-week Executive Space Course (ESC) providing a basic introduction to space topics for corporates executives.

Short programs delivered on demand

• Professional Development Programs
• Workshops
• Short Courses
• Forums

Participation in these programs is open to individuals and institutions of all nationalities. As an open academic forum, ISU welcomes open and free discussions within its network respecting its Code of Conduct and Ethics.

Masters of Science

The Master of Science in Space Studies (MSS) and the Master of Science in Space Management (MSM) are graduate-level degree programs designed for individuals seeking professional development or further academic study in the space field. These one-year degree programs include a three-month professional internship and several professional visits. The main elements of the Masters are:

• Lectures covering all major disciplines related to space, with corresponding workshops and roundtables,
• Lectures on contemporary space-related issues and events which as a whole provide an interdisciplinary and intercultural education,
• Team Projects involving most, if not all, of those disciplines (see Table below),
• Individual Projects performed during the academic year and during an internship period,
• Professional Visits and participation to ISU Annual Symposium,
• Specific skills training.

Year	Team Projects
2013–2014	Team Projects on Space & Migration and One-Way Missions to Mars are in progress.
2012–2013	BRIAN: BRain for an Integrated Arctic Network Mars-X: Human Exploration of Mars from Martian Orbit
2011–2012	IDEAS for Africa: Identifying and Developing Effective Applications of Space for Africa EC2LIPSE: Exploring Climate Change Lagrangian Point 1 Solutions for Earth
2010–2011	KOUROU Vision 2030: Human Spaceflights from the Kourou Spaceport SHINE: Space for a Health Information Network on Earth
2009–2010	MAP: Mars Analog Path CATCH: A space-based solution for illegal, unreported, unregulated fishing
2008–2009	Climate LINKS: A terrestrial data collection network complementing satellite observations Space and Responsive Systems
2007–2008	ALERTS: Analysis of Lunar Exploratory Robotic Tasks for Safety Great Expectations: Assessing the potential for suborbital transportation
2006–2007	Full Moon: Storage & delivery of oxygen and hydrogen START: Space Tools supporting Archaeological Research and Tasks
2005–2006	SWORD: Space Weather Observation, Research and Distribution FERTILE Moon: Feasibility of Extraction of Resources and Toolkit for in-situ Lunar Exploration
2004–2005	Visysphere Mars: Terraforming meets engineered life adaptation SAOTEC: Space Aid for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
2003–2004	Human Missions to Europa and Titan – Why not? SPIN: Space-based Progressive Interoperable Networks
2002–2003	PATH – M: Program Advancing Towards Humans on Mars Navigation Systems for Future Space Vehicles: Requirements and recommendations
2001–2002	Virtual EVA: A ground option for space tourism Charting Response Options for Threatening Near Earth Object
2000–2001	ISIS: ISU Small Satellite Interdisciplinary Survey PISCES: Proposal for International Spacecraft Cooperation for Education and Science
1999–2000	ALTV: Autonomous Lunar Transport Vehicle
1998–1999	Open for Business: A new approach to commercialization of the ISS
1997–1998	THIRD EYE: An aircraft collision prevention teleservice
1996–1997	MISSION: Multi-mission Innovative Space System for an Information Optimized Network
1995–1996	SAND: Space Assisted Network against Desertification

Space Studies Program

The Space Studies Program (SSP) is an intense nine-week course for postgraduate students and professionals of all disciplines. The curriculum covers the principal space related fields, both non-technical and technical and ranges from policy and law, business and management and humanities to life sciences, engineering, physical sciences and space applications. The shared experience of an international, interactive working environment is an ideal networking forum leading to the creation of an extensive, international, multidisciplinary professional network.

Each year the SSP convenes in a different location around the world. Moving to a new city and country adds an exciting dynamic as well as new resources and expertise to the program. The SSP curriculum includes:

• Core Lectures covering fundamental concepts across all relevant disciplines,
• Theme days presenting keys/issues of space with an interdisciplinary approach,
• Hands-on workshops providing practical applications of the concepts presented in the lectures,
• Departmental Activities of the seven SSP departments providing in-depth lectures & workshops, professional visits, and individual research projects,
• Team Projects in which the SSP participants address a relevant space topic as an international, interdisciplinary, and intercultural team.

Future Space Studies Programs Future Space Studies programs are planned for:

• 2017: Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, IRELAND
• 2016: Technion, Haifa, ISRAEL
• 2015: Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
• 2014: École de technologie supérieure and HEC Montréal, Montréal, CANADA

Past Space Studies Programs, Locations and Team Projects

Year	Location	Team Projects
2013	Strasbourg, France	SolarMAX: A space weather survival guide KOASTAL: Kenyan coast Observation through Affordable Space Technology Applications AMBIEnT: Affordable Microsatellite-based Internet access and EnvironmenTal monitoring
2012	Florida Institute of Technology and NASA Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA	BLISS: Beyond LEO Into the Solar System. A guide to future space stations OASIS: Operations And Service Infrastructure for Space Space Debris Space and STEM: One giant leap for education
2011	Graz, Austria	CHARM: Cooperation of Humans and Robots for Mars GO SSP: Guidebook On Small Satellite Programs H2OPE: Tigris-Euphrates and the Global Water Crisis
2010	Strasbourg, France	ecoSpace: Initiatives for Environmentally Sustainable Launch Activities ASTRA: Asteroid Mining RE-FOCUS: Carbon Cycle
2009	NASA Ames Research Center, United States	ACCESS Mars: Assessing Cave Capabilities Establishing Specific Solutions SAFEN EARTH: Space Aid for Energy Needs on Earth DREAM: Disaster Risk Evaluation And Management
2008	Barcelona, Spain	FuturIST: Future Infrastructure for Space Transportation VAPOR: An Integrated Framework for Early Warning and Hazard Tracking of Volcanic Activity on Earth Noumenia: Building on the Google Lunar X-Prize
2007	Beijing, China	Space Traffic Management: Manage Spacecrafts and Debris in Space DOCTOR: Developing On-Orbit Servicing Concepts Technology Options and Roadmap Phoenix: Lunar Biological and Historical Archive TREMOR: Technology Resources for Earthquake Monitoring and Response
2006	Strasbourg, France	Luna Gaia: A Closed Loop Habitat for the Moon MiNI: From Tiny to Infinity SOL: Earth Observation Systems for Small Countries and Regions
2005	Vancouver, Canada	FLAMA: Fire Logistics And Management Approach CASSANDRA: A Strategy to Protect our Planet from Near-Earth Objects REVOLUTION: Robotic Exploration of Venus to Study Planetary Evolution
2004	Adelaide, Australia	CONNECTS: The Role of Satellite Communications in the Development of Rural and Remote Regions STREAM: Space Technologies for the Research of Effective wAter Management LunAres: International Lunar Exploration in Preparation for Mars
2003	Strasbourg, France	ECOSPHERE: Earth Climate Observation System Promoting Human Ecological Research & Education TRACKS TO SPACE: Technology Research Advancing Cooperative Knowledge Sharing to Space METZTLI: An International Space Station Approach to Lunar Exploration
2002	Pomona, United States	Alone?: A Source Book for Astrobiology HI-STAR: Health Improvement using Space Technology and Resources
2001	Bremen, Germany	C.A.S.H. 2021: Commercial Access and Space Habitation CASSIOPEE: Concepts for Advanced Small Satellites to Improve Observation and Preservation of Europe
2000	Valparaíso, Chile	ENSO: A Global Challenge and Keys to a Solution Space Tourism: From Dream to Reality
1999	Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand	Out of the Cradle: An International Strategy for Human Exploration away from Earth SEADS: South East Asia Disaster Management System
1998	Cleveland, United States	MAGIC: Moving Aside Gravity's Influence and Constraints Hazards to Spaceflight
1997	Houston, United States	International Strategies for the Exploration of Mars Technology Transfer: Bridging Space and Society
1996	Vienna, Austria	Ra: The Sun For Science And Humanity DOCC: Distant Operational Care Centre
1995	Stockholm, Sweden	Earth's Polar Regions: Observation, Protection, and Applications Vision 2020: An International View of the Future
1994	Barcelona, Spain	GATES: Global Access Tele-Health and Education System SSE: Solar System Exploration
1993	Huntsville, United States	GEOWARN: Global Emergency Observation and Warning ILFOSS: International Lunar Farside Observatory & Science Station
1992	Kitakyushu, Japan	ISUNET SSPP: Space Solar Power Program
1991	Toulouse, France	International Mars Mission
1990	Toronto, Canada	IAM: International Asteroid Mission International Program for Earth Observations
1989	Strasbourg, France	Artemis: A Program to Identify and Map Lunar Resources Newton: A Variable Gravity Research Facility
1988	Cambridge, United States	International Lunar Initiative Organization

Southern Hemisphere Summer Space Program

The Southern Hemisphere Summer Space Program (SHS/SP) is a five weeks course open to undergraduate students and professionals of all disciplines with space interest. As in all ISU programs, the curriculum covers not only the space related fields and space applications, but also non-technical fields such as policy, law, space business and management techniques. The acquired experience is summarized in a jointly authored White Paper at the end of the session.

The intention of a second program, next to the established SSP program of ISU, was to extend the offering to participants of the Southern Hemisphere, in line with the local summer holidays, but participants from all nations are welcomed.

The program is offered in partnership with the University of South Australia in Adelaide (Mawson Lakes Campus) and benefits from scholarship support from the Australian Space Research Program. The intention is to have the program iterating to different locations in the Southern Hemisphere, in particular in Africa and South America, but regularly returning to Australia.

Year	Location	Whitepaper Topic
2014	UniSA, Australia	Our Turbulent Sun
2013	UniSA, Australia	Common Horizons
2012	UniSA, Australia	Space-Based Tele-Reach Systems for Southern Hemisphere
2011	UniSA, Australia	Paths to Progress: Space and the Southern Hemisphere

Previous White Paper executive summaries and full reports are available for download from the ISU Library.

Executive Space Course

The Executive Space Course (ESC) provides an overview of space and of space-related subjects for professionals of diverse backgrounds, including marketing, finance, law, and contracts management. Providing them with a better understanding of space technology and business, professionals leave with the knowledge and skills that will enable them to communicate more effectively with their technical colleagues. The course also provides its participants with exposure to a unique interdisciplinary, international and intercultural learning environment.

Academic Facilities

Library

Since 1995, the collection of the ISU Library has grown to reach about 9,000 space-related documents. The collection supports the interdisciplinary aspects of the courses and include subjects like space-related business and management, space policy and law, international cooperation, remote sensing and Earth observation, telecommunication, space engineering, space mission design, astronomy, space life sciences, and space medicine.The Library also features news about space, information from space agencies and research institutes around the world, and awareness and alerting services from journals. RSS feeds can be used to follow the library new acquisitions. Interested people may subscribe to the feeds for receiving regular updates about books, electronic documents, or Team Projects reports that are added to the online catalog.

Training Facilities

With the strong support from ESA, the following facilities were installed and put into operation:

Astronomy Observatory

Several optical and radio telescopes at ISU give students the opportunity of performing observations as well as the necessary analysis, which introduces them to typical techniques of astrophysical research and gives them a first-hand experience in the study of the invisible Universe.

ESA-Dresden Radio Telescope

The satellite television Ku band (10–12 GHz) is suitable to perform observations of the Sun and the Moon, using conventional material, such as a 1.2-meter parabolic dish, placed on the roof of the ISU building. This telescope, developed under ESA contract by the Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits in Dresden for use in schools, has been given to ISU by ESA. It is capable of providing properly calibrated data, and hence allows to determine the surface temperatures of the Sun and the Moon. Since its in-depth testing by ISU Masters students, it has been extensively used in the framework of workshops and individual student projects. With the ESA-Dresden Radio Telescope the students can experience and perform all the necessary steps from observation, calibration, and data reduction to the interpretation and evaluation of the results.

ESA-Haystack Radio Telescope

The Haystack Observatory, run by MIT, developed a Small Radio Telescope (SRT) for educational purposes, consisting of a 2.3-meter diameter standard satellite dish antenna. This radio telescope operates at a 1.42 GHz frequency (21-cm wavelength) where hydrogen atoms emit a strong spectral line. This allows radio astronomers to detect hydrogen, the most abundant element of the Universe. One SRT has been donated to ISU by ESA and is operational since 2009. This new asset, named the ESA-Haystack Radio Telescope, provides the students with the opportunity of performing observations of astronomical objects even outside the Solar System.

Concurrent Design Facility (CDF)

When the European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) acquired a new Concurrent Design Facility, its initial CDF was set up at the ISU Central Campus in 2008. The CDF brings the Masters students the possibility of familiarizing with concurrent engineering and its application processes through workshops and assignments. These hands-on activities always have double-oriented tasks, by combining the CDF process with the development of space-related topics. As the usefulness of concurrent engineering extends much further than space mission design, the use of the ISU CDF for design processes in other industry fields than space is also under consideration.

GENSO Tracking Ground Station

A fully automated satellite tracking station is installed at ISU since 2008. This ground station provides several hands-on training opportunities for the Masters students, as satellite communication is now a reality at ISU. The ISU Tracking Ground Station was built in the scope of the Global Educational Network for Satellite Operations (GENSO) project, an endeavor involving students worldwide and promoted by the International Space Education Board (ISEB), an organization including the educational departments of some of the major space agencies worldwide.

Human Performance in Space Laboratory

Established in 2009, the ISU Human Spaceflight Laboratory includes a rotating chair, the training model of the ultrasound echocardiograph and body motion analysis equipment that flew on Mir in 1988, and the flight model of the neuroscience Pocket equipment that flew on the Space Shuttle STS-51G mission. This equipment was all donated by CNES. In addition, NASA has loaned a training model of the ISS Advanced Life Support Pack (ALSP) and ESA has loaned a training model of the ISS 3DSPACE experiment. The Human Spaceflight Laboratory is also equipped with a clinostat, an autoclave, a laminar flow cabinet, microscopes, medical diagnosis and surgery tools, and other laboratory equipment to provide realistic hands-on training on the experiments performed in space by astronauts.

Annual Symposium

Up until 2013, an annual ISU symposium was convened to address a topic with broad interest both with space industry and among the space agencies. The Symposium has been suspended until further notice. Other international conference style events are being planned and convened on the ISU campus. Refer to the ISU web site for more details. The following table presents the topics covered from 1996-2013.

Year	Subject
2013	Space Technology and Tele-Reach: Benefiting Humanity on Earth and Beyond
2012	Sustainability of Space Activities: International Issues and Potential Solutions
2011	The International Space Station: Maximizing the Return from Extended Operations
2010	The Public Face of Space
2009	Space for a Safe and Secure World
2008	Space Solutions to Earth’s Global Challenges
2007	Why the Moon?
2006
2005	Space Exploration: Who, What, When, Where, Why?
2004	Civil, Commercial and Security Space: What Will Drive the Next Decade?
2003	Satellite Navigation Systems: Policy, Commercial and Technical Interaction
2002	Beyond the International Space Station: The Future of Human Spaceflight
2001	Smaller Satellites: Bigger Business? Concepts, Applications and Markets for Micro/Nanosatellites in a New Information World
2000	The Space Transportation Market: Evolution or Revolution?
1999	International Space Station: The Next Space Marketplace
1998	Space and the Global Village: Tele-services for the 21st Century
1997	New Space Markets
1996	Space of Service to Humanity: Preserving Earth and Improving Life

ISU People

Founders

• Peter Diamandis
• Todd B. Hawley
• Robert D. Richards

Chancellors

• 1987–2004: Arthur C. Clarke
• 2004–2015: Jean-Jacques Dordain
• 2015–present: Buzz Aldrin

Presidents

• 1991–1994: George Van Reeth
• 1994–1998: Roland Doré
• 1998–2004: Karl Doetsch
• 2004–2011: Michael Simpson
• 2011–present: Walter Peeters

Faculty

• College of Teachers
  • Central Campus Faculty (as of January 2014)
    • Jean-Jacques Favier, Professor, CNES Chair, Physical Sciences and Human Performances in Space, France
    • Hugh Hill, Associate Professor, Ireland
    • Walter Peeters, Professor, Belgium
    • Junjiro Nakahara, JAXA Visiting Professor, Japan
    • Chris Welch, Professor & Masters Program Director, UK
    • Vasilis Zervos, Associate Professor, Greece
  • Faculty, Associate Faculty, Adjunct Faculty, and Faculty Emeritae
  • Ben Finney, 1994-2003 co-chair of Space and Society department
• Guest and Visiting Lecturers

Board and Executive Staff

• Walter Peeters, President
• Steve Brody, Vice President for North American Operations
• ISU Board of Trustees
• ISU Board of Advisors
• ISU Academic Council

Astronauts

• Oleg Atkov, Russian Railways, Faculty
• James H. Newman, NASA, the first ISU alumnus (SSP 1989) to go into space
• Jeffrey Hoffman, NASA & MIT, Faculty
• Chiaki Mukai, JAXA, Faculty
• Reinhold Ewald, ESA, Lecturer
• Jean-Jacques Favier, CNES, Lecturer
• Robert Thirsk, CSA, Lecturer
• Soyeon Yi, KARI, Lecturer, the first astronaut to attend ISU (SSP 2009)
• Anousheh Ansari, the first person to receive an ISU honorary doctorate while in space
• Sergei Krikalev, Energya, Special Guest Lecturer
• Yang Liwei, CASC, Special Guest Lecturer
• Michel Tognini, CNES & ESA, Special Guest Lecturer
• Jessica Meir, NASA, alumna

External links

• International Space University
• ISU Library
• ISU Library public page on Netvibes
• Dave Haslam about "25 years of the ISU" (YouTube Video) SpaceUp Stuttgart 2012