Ipomoea purpurea
| Ipomoea purpurea | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Solanales |
| Family: | Convolvulaceae |
| Genus: | Ipomoea |
| Species: | I. purpurea |
| Binomial name | |
| Ipomoea purpurea | |
Ipomoea purpurea, the common morning-glory,[2] tall morning-glory,[3] or purple morning glory, is a species in the genus Ipomoea.
It is native to Mexico[4] and Central America, and is naturalized throughout warm temperate and subtropical regions of the world.
Description
[edit]Like all morning glories, the plant entwines itself around structures, growing to a height of 2–3 m (6 ft 7 in – 9 ft 10 in) tall. The leaves are heart-shaped and the stems are covered with brown hairs. The flowers are trumpet-shaped, predominantly blue to purple or white, and 3–6 cm (1.2–2.4 in) in diameter.[5]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The plant is predisposed to moist and rich soil, but can be found growing in a wide array of soil types.[6]
Although it is often considered a noxious weed in most parts of the world where it has grown invasively, I. purpurea is also grown for its attractive purple and white flowers, and has many cultivars. Common cultivars include I. purpurea 'Crimson Rambler' (red-violet blossoms with white throats), 'Grandpa Ott's', 'Kniola's Black Knight', 'Star of Yelta' (blossoms in varying shades of deep purple with white or pale pink throats), and 'Milky Way' (white corolla with mauve accents).
Chemistry
[edit]Ergoline alkaloids
[edit]Though some studies have reported the presence of ergoline alkaloids in I. purpurea [7] other studies with more rigorous taxonomic identification of plant material have failed to reproduce such findings and attribute such discrepancies to failure to properly differentiate plant material at a species level. [8]
Flower color
[edit]Acylated cyanidin glycosides can be isolated from violet-blue flowers of I. purpurea. These anthocyanins were all based on cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside, acylated with caffeic acid and/or p-coumaric acid.[9]
Acylated pelargonidin glycosides can be isolated from the red-purple flowers of I. purpurea. The acylated anthocyanins were all based on pelargonidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside, acylated with caffeic acid and/or glucosylcaffeic acid.[10]
Gallery
[edit]
Light blue I. purpurea
Pink I. purpurea
Pink I. purpurea close-up
I. purpurea in Loganville, Georgia
Pink I. purpurea
Purple I. purpurea close-up
Purple I. purpurea close-up
Scanning electron micrograph of I. purpurea pollen
Violet-blue I. purpurea
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ USDA Plants Profile
- ↑ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ↑ NRCS. "Ipomoea purpurea". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 22 January 2016.
- ↑ Fang, Zhou (2013-01-12). "Tracing the Geographic Origins of Weedy Ipomoea purpurea in the Southeastern United States". Journal of Heredity. 104 (5): 666–77. doi:10.1093/jhered/est046. PMID 23894192 – via Oxford Journals.
- ↑ "Ipomoea purpurea". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 17 December 2017.
- ↑ Richard H. Uva, Joseph C. Neal and Joseph M. Ditomaso, Weeds of The Northeast, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997), Pp. 214-217.
- ↑ Nowak, Julia; Woźniakiewicz, Michał; Klepacki, Piotr; Sowa, Anna; Kościelniak, Paweł (May 2016). "Identification and determination of ergot alkaloids in Morning Glory cultivars". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 408 (12): 3093–3102. doi:10.1007/s00216-016-9322-5. PMC 4830885.
- ↑ Amor-Prats, Diego; Harborne, Jeffrey B. (June 1993). "New sources of ergoline alkaloids within the genus Ipomoea". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 21 (4): 455–461. doi:10.1016/0305-1978(93)90104-Y.
- ↑ Norio Saito; Fumi Tatsuzawa; Kyoko Yoda; Masato Yokoi; Kichiji Kasahara; Shigeru Iida; Atsushi Shigihara & Toshio Honda (November 1995). "Acylated cyanidin glycosides in the violet-blue flowers of Ipomoea purpurea". Phytochemistry. 40 (4): 1283–1289. Bibcode:1995PChem..40.1283S. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00369-I. PMID 7492373.
- ↑ Norio Saito; Fumi Tatsuzawa; Masato Yokoi; Kichiji Kasahara; Shigeru Iida; Atsushi Shigihara; Toshio Honda (December 1996). "Acylated pelargonidin glycosides in red-purple flowers of Ipomoea purpurea". Phytochemistry. 43 (6): 1365–1370. Bibcode:1996PChem..43.1365S. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00501-8. PMID 8987912.
External links
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